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Competitive Exams Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops: Examrace

The document summarizes key information about several major food crops grown in India, including sugarcane, oilseeds, groundnuts, linseed/mustard, tea, and coffee. It notes that sugarcane is a tropical/subtropical crop requiring warm temperatures and rainfall. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane after Brazil. It also discusses oilseeds production, with groundnuts being the largest and states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka being major producers. Tea cultivation requires tropical/subtropical climates and India is a leading producer and exporter. Coffee production is centered in Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

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56 views2 pages

Competitive Exams Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops: Examrace

The document summarizes key information about several major food crops grown in India, including sugarcane, oilseeds, groundnuts, linseed/mustard, tea, and coffee. It notes that sugarcane is a tropical/subtropical crop requiring warm temperatures and rainfall. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane after Brazil. It also discusses oilseeds production, with groundnuts being the largest and states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka being major producers. Tea cultivation requires tropical/subtropical climates and India is a leading producer and exporter. Coffee production is centered in Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

Uploaded by

VARSHA
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8/1/2018----Competitive Exams Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi,

Tamil, Telgu - Examrace----Downloaded from examrace.com

Visit examrace.com for free study material, doorsteptutor.com for questions with detailed explanations, and "Examrace" YouTube channel for free
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Competitive Exams Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops


1. Sugarcane:

a. It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop.

b. It grows well in hot and humid climate

c. It require a temperature of 21° C to 27° C

d. and an annual rainfall between 75cm. And 100cm.

e. Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall.

f. It can be grown on a variety of soils

g. It needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.

h. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane only after Brazil.

i. It is the main source of sugar, gur (jaggary), khandsari and molasses.

j. The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka,


Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.

2. Oil Seeds:

a. India is the largest producer of oilseeds in the world.

b. Different oil seeds are grown covering approximately 12 per cent of the total cropped
area of the country.

c. Main oil-seeds produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesamum (til),
soyabean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and sunflower.

d. Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are
also used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.

3. Groundnut

a. It is a kharif crop and accounts for about half of the major oilseeds produced in the
country.

b. Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of groundnut followed by Tamil Nadu,


Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra

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8/1/2018----Competitive Exams Agriculture Study Material: Food Crops- Translation in Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Sindhi,
Tamil, Telgu - Examrace----Downloaded from examrace.com

Visit examrace.com for free study material, doorsteptutor.com for questions with detailed explanations, and "Examrace" YouTube channel for free
videos lectures
4. Linseed and mustard

a. These are rabi crops.

b. Sesamum is a kharif crop in north and rabi crop in south India.

c. Castor seed is grown both as rabi and kharif crop.

5. Tea:

a. Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture.

b. It is also an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British.

c. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates

d. It needs deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.

e. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year.

f. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of
tender leaves.

g. Tea is a labour-intensive industry. It requires abundant, cheap and skilled labour.

h. Tea is processed within the tea garden to restore its freshness.

i. Major tea-producing states are Assam, hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts,
West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Apart from these, Himachal Pradesh,
Uttaranchal, Meghalaya, Andhra Pradesh and Tripura are also tea-producing states
in the country.

j. India is the leading producer as well as exporter of tea in the world.

6. Coffee:

a. India produces about four per cent of the world's coffee production.

b. Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.

c. The Arabica variety initially brought from Yemen is produced in the country.

d. Intially its cultivation was introduced on the Baba Budan Hills and even today its
cultivation is confined to the Nilgiri in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

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