Muscles Acting on the Face Testing the Muscles of the Upper
Buccinator Extremity, 61
Corrugator supercilii Muscles Acting on the Shoulder
Scapular Abduction and Upward Rotation
Depressor anguli oris (Serratus anterior), 63
Depressor labii inferioris Scapular Elevation (Trapezius, upper fibers), 70
Scapular Adduction (Trapezius, middle
Frontalis fibers), 74
Levator labii superioris Scapular Adduction (Trapezius, lower
Masseter fibers), 73
Scapular Depression and Adduction
Mentalis (Trapezius, lower fibers), 77
Orbicularis oculi Scapular Adduction and Downward Rotation
(Rhomboids), 80
Orbicularis oris Shoulder Flexion (Anterior Deltoid and
Procerus Coracobrachialis), 86
Shoulder Extension (Latissimus dorsi, Teres
Risorius major, Posterior Deltoid), 90
Temporalis Shoulder Scaption (Deltoid and
Zygomaticus major Supraspinatus), 94
Shoulder Abduction (Middle Deltoid and
Zygomaticus minor Supraspinatus), 95
Shoulder Horizontal Abduction (Posterior
Testing the Muscles of the Neck, 13 Deltoid), 99
Shoulder Horizontal Adduction (Pectoralis
Capital Extension, 14
major), 102
Cervical Extension, 18
Shoulder External Rotation (Infraspinatus and
Combined Neck Extension (Capital plus
Teres minor), 107
Cervical), 21
Shoulder Internal Rotation (Subscapularis),
Capital Flexion, 23
110
Cervical Flexion, 26
Combined Cervical Flexion (Capital plus
Cervical), 30 Muscles Acting on the Shoulder
Combined Flexion to Isolate a Single Levator scapula
Sternocleidomastoid, 32
Cervical Rotation, 33 Pectoralis minor
Muscles Acting on the Elbow and
Muscles Acting on the Head and Forearm
Neck Elbow Flexion (Biceps, Brachialis, and
Scalenus anterior Brachioradialis), 114
Elbow Extension (Triceps brachii), 118
Scalenus medius Forearm Supination (Supinator and Biceps
Scalenus posterior brachii), 123
Forearm Pronation (Pronator teres and
Semispinalis capitis Pronator quadratus), 128
Semispinalis cervicis Muscles Acting on the Elbow and
Splenius capitis Forearm
Splenius cervicis Anconeus
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Muscles Acting on the Wrist and
Testing the Muscles of the Trunk, 35
Trunk Extension, 36 Fingers
Lumbar Spine, 38
Thoracic Spine, 39 Wrist Flexion (Flexor carpi radialis and Flexor
Lumbar and Thoracic Spine, 39 carpi ulnaris), 132
Elevation of the Pelvis, 41 Wrist Extension (Extensor carpi radialis longus,
Trunk Flexion, 44 Extensor carpi radialis brevis, and Extensor
Trunk Rotation, 49 carpi ulnaris), 137
Quiet Inspiration, 54 Finger MP Flexion (Lumbricales and
Forced Expiration, 59 Interossei), 141
Finger PIP and DIP Flexion (Flexor digitorum
superficialis and Flexor digitorum
profundus), 145
PIP Tests, 146
DIP Tests, 148
Finger MP Extension (Extensor digitorum,
Oblique abdominis external
Extensor indicis, Extensor digiti Oblique abdominis internal
minimi), 149 Quadratus lumborum
Finger Abduction (Dorsal interossei), 152
Finger Adduction (Palmar interossei), 155 Rectus abdominis
Thumb MP and IP Flexion (Flexor pollicis Spinalis thoracis
brevis and Flexor pollicis longus), 158
Thumb MP and IP Flexion Tests (Flexor Transverse abdominis
pollicis brevis), 160
Thumb IP Flexion Tests (Flexor pollicis
longus), 161 Muscles Acting on the Knee
Thumb MP and IP Extension (Extensor pollicis Knee Flexion (All hamstring muscles), 216
brevis and Extensor pollicis longus), 163 Hamstring Muscles in Aggregate, 218
Thumb MP Extension Tests (Extensor pollicis Medial Hamstring Test (Semitendinosus and
brevis), 164 Semimembranosus), 218
Thumb IP Extension Tests (Extensor pollicis Lateral Hamstring Test (Biceps femoris), 219
longus), 166 Knee Extension (Quadriceps femoris), 222
Thumb Abduction (Abductor pollicis longus Muscles Acting on the Knee
and Abductor pollicis brevis), 168
Abductor pollicis longus Test, 169 Biceps femoris
Abductor pollicis brevis Test, 170
Thumb Adduction (Adductor pollicis), 171
Popliteus
Opposition (Thumb to Little Finger) (Opponens Rectus femoris
pollicis and Opponens digiti minimi), 174 Semimembranosus
Muscles Acting on the Wrist and Semitendinosus
Fingers Vastus lateralis
Abductor digiti minimi
Vastus medialis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Palmaris longus Muscles Acting on the Ankle and
Foot
Ankle Plantar Flexion (Gastrocnemius and
Testing the Muscles of the Lower Soleus), 226
Gastrocnemius and Soleus Test, 228
Extremity, 179 Plantar Flexion, Soleus Only, 231
Muscles Acting on the Low Back and Foot Dorsiflexion and Inversion (Tibialis
anterior), 234
Hip Foot Inversion (Tibialis posterior), 237
Hip Flexion (Psoas major and lliacus), 180 Foot Eversion with Plantar Flexion (Peroneus
Hip Flexion, Abduction, and External Rotation longus and Peroneus brevis), 240
with Knee Flexion (Sartorius), 185 Hallux and Toe MP Flexion (Lumbricales and
Hip Extension (Gluteus maximus and Flexor hallucis brevis), 243
Hamstrings), 188 Hallux MP Flexion (Flexor hallucisbrevis), 2 4 4
Hip Extension Test to Isolate Gluteus Toe MP Flexion (Lumbricales), 245
maximus, 192 Hallux and Toe DIP and PIP Flexion (Flexor
Hip Extension Test Modified for Hip Flexion
Tightness, 194 digitorum longus, Flexor digitorum brevis, Flexor
Supine Hip Extension Test, 196 hallucis longus), 246
Hip Abduction (Gluteus medius and Gluteus Hallux and Toe MP and IP Extension (Extensor
minimus), 198 digitorum longus and brevis, Extensor
Hip Abduction from Flexed Position (Tensor hallucis longus), 249
fasciae latae), 202
Hip Adduction (Adductors magnus, brevis,
and longus, Pectineus and Gracilis), 205 Muscles Acting on the Ankle and
Hip External Rotation (Obturators internus and Foot
externus, Gemellae superior and inferior. Abductor digiti minimi
Piriformis, Quadratus femoris, Gluteus
maximus [posterior]), 209 Abductor hallicus longus
Hip Internal Rotation (Glutei minimus and Flexor digiti minimi brevis
medius, Tensor fasciae latae), 213
Interossei dorsal
Muscles Acting on the Low Back and Interossei plantar
Hip Peroneus tertius
Iliocostalis lumborum
Longissimus thoracis
Multifidus
Motor Point Index=> Muscles Acting 3. Externally rotates shoulder
on the Shoulder a. Infraspinatus – Externally
rotates shoulder
1. Adducts Teres minor – Externally
a. and flexes shoulder rotates shoulder
i. Coracobrachialis b. Deltoid (posterior
Adducts and flexes fibers) – Abducts, extends
shoulder and externally rotates
ii. Deltoid (anterior shoulder
fibers) – Adducts,
flexes and 4. Internally rotates shoulder
internally rotates i. Subscapularis –
shoulder Internally rotates
iii. Pectoralis major shoulder
(clavicular ii. Teres major –
portion) – Flexes Adducts and
and horizontally internally rotates
adducts shoulder shoulder
iii. Deltoid (anterior
b. and internally rotates fibers) – Adducts,
shoulder flexes and
i. Latissimus dorsi – internally rotates
Extends, adducts shoulder
and internally iv. Latissimus dorsi –
rotates shoulder Extends, adducts
ii. Pectoralis major and internally
(sternal portion) – rotates shoulder
Adducts, v. Pectoralis major
horizontally (sternal portion) –
adducts and Adducts,
internally rotates horizontally
shoulder adducts and
iii. Teres major – internally rotates
Adducts and shoulder
internally rotates
shoulder 5. Abducts scapula
a. Pectoralis minor –
2. Abducts shoulder Abducts and downwardly
a. Deltoid (middle fibers) – rotates scapula
Abducts shoulder b. Serratus anterior –
Supraspinatus – Abducts Abducts and upwardly
shoulder rotates scapula
b. Deltoid (posterior
fibers) – Abducts, extends 6. Adducts scapula
and externally rotates a. Trapezius (middle
shoulder fibers) – Adducts scapula
b. Rhomboid major –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
Empirical Points Affecting Shoulder
Rhomboid minor – Region
Adducts, elevates and Flexor carpi ulnaris
downwardly rotates Gluteus medius #1
scapula Temporalis
c. Trapezius (lower fibers) –
Adducts and upwardly
rotates scapula
d. Levator scapula –
Elevates, adducts and
downwardly rotates
scapula, flexes cervical
spine, rotates cervical
spine to same side
7. upwardly rotates scapula
a. Trapezius (upper fibers) –
Elevates and upwardly
rotates scapula
b. Serratus anterior –
Abducts and upwardly
rotates scapula
c. Trapezius (lower fibers) –
Adducts and upwardly
rotates scapula
8. downwardly rotates scapula
a. Pectoralis minor –
Abducts and downwardly
rotates scapula
b. Rhomboid major –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
Rhomboid minor –
Adducts, elevates and
downwardly rotates
scapula
c. Levator scapula –
Elevates, adducts and
downwardly rotates
scapula, flexes cervical
spine, rotates cervical
spine to same side
