Gland                     Location              Hormone/s Secreted    Function of Hormone                      Diseases
Pituitary Gland                   Brain                Tropic Hormones       Control the release of
     “Master Gland”                                                           hormones of other glands in
                                                                                 the endocrine system
Posterior Pituitary Gland                                      Oxytocin       Contraction of uterine lining
                                                                                  during pregnancy;
                                                                                Ejection of milk during
                                                                                        sucking
                                                             Vassopresin      Reabsorption of liquids in the        Diabetes Insipidus
                                                                                        kidney                  (Large urine discharge that
                                                                                                                  results to dehydration)
Anterior Pituitary Gland                                    Tropic hormone       Control the release of
                                                                              hormones of other glands in
                                                                                 the endocrine system
                                                             Somatotropin           Growth Hormone                   Over-Secretion
                                                                                                                  Giantism – Childhood
                                                                                                                 Acromegaly – Adulthood
                                                                                                                        Deficiency
                                                                                                                        Dwarfism
    Adrenal Glands                                           Epinephrine         Prepares organism for
     - cope with stress                                                               emergency
                                                            Norepinephrine      stimulates the release of
                                                                                   steroids in the liver
     Thyroid Gland          Neck, in front of windpipe       Idothyroxine                                      Cretinism – underactivity of
                                                                                                                  thyroid during young
                                                                                                               Myxedema – underactivity of
                                                                                                                   thyroid during old
                                                                                                                 Hypothyroidism – goiter,
                                                                                                                thyroid gland working too
                                                                                                                hard, deficiency of iodine
                                                                                                                  Hyperthyroidism – Over-
                                                                                                                 secretion of idothyroxine,
                                                                                                                     protruding eyeball
Parathyroid Gland      Close to the thyroid gland        Parathormone            Maintains the balance of             Under secretion
 Pea-shaped glands                                                              calcium and phosphorus in                Tetany
                                                                                         the body
                                                                                                                      Over secretion
                                                                                                                desensitized nervous system
      Testes                                        Androgen and Testosterone   Development of secondary
                                                                                 characteristics of males
      Ovary                                                 Estrogen            Development of secondary
                                                                                characteristics of females
                                                          Progesterone           Thickening of the uterine
                                                                                  lining – preparation for
                                                                                         pregnancy
 Thymus Gland          Beneath the upper part of          T-Lymphocyte               Cellular immunity;
  Childhood gland       the breastbone , in the                                      makes antibodies
Sweetbread in calves      middle of the chest
    Pancreas              Near the stomach                  Glucagon             Releases glucose into the      Increased release of glucose,
                                                                                       bloodstream                  not so much insulin –
                                                                                                                       Hyperglycemia
                                                             Insulin             Helps glucose move out of      Much glucose, over secretion
                                                                                the blood to supply the cells    of insulin - hypoglycemia
                                                                                  and tissues with energy
                                                                                                                Hypoinsulism – not so much
                                                                                                                        of insulin
                                                                                                                   Hyperinsulism – over
                                                                                                                    secretion of insulin