A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN

GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.0. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Philippines is one of the country with highest population. According to US Census

Bureau, Philippines is ranked 12th in the world’s most populous country, contributing
1.35% of total population in the world. Aside from this fact, Philippines is also considered
as a third world country which means the development of our country is slower compare
to other countries. Services offered are limited to sustain the growing needs of the people
especially those in the rural and sub-urban areas.
Hospitals serve as the locus of health care delivery in the Philippines. With 1,800
hospitals and over 87,000 beds, most households go directly to hospitals for treatment of
illnesses.
In the country, some places do not have enough medical facility to cater ordinary
citizens because of the growing population and the in accessibility of these area. Some
hospitals need proper ventilation and circulation for the users.
In the other hand, Bulacan has a total population of 3,292,071 people, this is
according to 2015 census. Due to this, Bulacan is the highest populated province in Region
III and the 2nd most populous in the Philippines. However, Bulacan's most populated city
is San Jose del Monte, the most populated municipality is Santa Maria while the least
populated is Doña Remedios Trinidad.
According to the Provincial Government of Bulacan (PGB), the seven public
hospitals in the province have consistently recorded more than one hundred percent
occupancy rate over for the past six years (2002-2007).

It is an integral part of social and medical organization that function to provide a

complete health care to the people.
In Bulacan, some places do not have enough medical facility to cater ordinary
citizens because of the growing population and the in accessibility of these area. Some
hospitals need proper ventilation and circulation for the users.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

The primary purpose of this project is to improve the circulation and design of
public hospitals. Also to make the ambience more comfortable for the users. The following
are the major and minor problems that will contribute to the planning and designing of the
hospital.

Specifically, this researcher seeks to answer the following questions:

MAJOR PROBLEMS ARCHITECTURAL GOALS

 Will this proposal be feasible to
the society of San Jose del
Monte, Bulacan?  Feasibility of the project to the
 What design is suitable to make City of San Jose del Monte,
the structure sustainable and help Bulacan.
to make the patients recover  Suitability in the Location of the
faster? Proposed Community.
 How space planning and design  To meet the needs and the wants
incorporate the interest of the of the users.
users?

MINOR PROBLEMS ARCHITECTURAL GOALS

 What are the elements of the
Architecture to be considered in
building a General Hospital?
 Elements of architecture.
 What are the environmental
 Environmental considerations.
considerations that will affect
 Concept design of the chosen
the structure?
site.
 What will be the appropriate
design that would fit the
selected site?
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

1.3. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.3.1. Direct Users

To help the city of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan in developing a public medical
facility that will cater to the ordinary people who can’t afford to go to private hospitals.
To implement a more effective and healing design that can make the patients
recover faster. This study will help make a secure and comfortable environment for the
users.
To the proponent, this will strengthen the confidence of the proponent and embrace
the capabilities within the actual application of the skills and knowledge learned from
schools.
1.3.2. Indirect Users
For the Architecture students will do benefit on this research if their study was
about hospital. This can also be another source of information in gathering data.
Furthermore, the community and the society will gain profit for the hospital’s future
planning.
1.4. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
1.4.1. Local
Mary Mediatrix Medical Center, Lipa City, Batangas
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

(FIG. 1 Mary Mediatrix Medical Center Perspecctive)

Source: http://mediatrixmedcenter.com.ph

Mary Mediatrix Medical Center provides a wide range of hospital services in

Batangas, Philippines. It all began with a dream. In 1958, Dr. Vicente L. Magsino Sr.,
returned to Lipa after a successful medical stint in the United States. Brimming with
passion for a better healthcare, especially for the needy, he started his auspicious career in
a modest clinic. The dream was met with demand. The simple medical outpost grew into
the Magsino General Hospital, a two-storey facility with 30 beds and adequate basic
services. More locals, including those from nearby towns, chose MGH.
The hospital gained the trust and respect of both patients and professionals, with
up-and-coming doctors and nurses opting to join the MGH family. Indeed, the Magsino
General Hospital strengthened its familial roots, figuratively and literally. Most of Dr.
Magsino’s children also became doctors and health professionals, and together they
dedicated their lives to improving health care services in the community. On July 23, Mary
Mediatrix Medical Center was opened to the public. Named after its patron, Our Lady of
Lipa Mary Mediatrix of All Graces, the former Magsino General Hospital increased its bed
capacity to 100 and offered advanced diagnostic services to cater to its large patient base.
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

Mary Mediatrix Medical Center has become a full-pledged institution with addition
of more specialists, services and technologies, bringing a holistic state-of-the-art healthcare
closer to the people of Lipa and the surrounding localities. Showing that the dream never
ends, Mary Mediatrix received the ISO 9001:2008 certification, which attests to
international quality standards of the hospital, enhancing customer satisfaction. The
hospital added an annex building housing its new Dialysis Center, more patient rooms and
a larger emergency room. This symbolizes the relentless commitment of Mary Mediatrix
Medical Center to provide healthcare of the highest standards to the people of the region.

SERVICES OF MARY MEDIATRIX MEDICAL CENTER

1. Cardiovascular Center
2. Food and Nutrition
3. Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Center
4. Weight Management
5. Skin Center
6. Industrial Corporate Center
7. Hearing & Balance Center
8. Eye Center
9. Radiology
10. Pulmonary Center
11. Nuclear Medicine Center
12. Neuroscience Center
13. Dental Clinic
14. Laboratory Medicine
15. Clinical Pharmacy

Lipa Medix Medical Center, Lipa City, Batangas

 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

(FIG. 2 Lipa Medix Medical Center)

Source: http://www.lipamedix.com.ph/about-us/

In the late 80’s and early 90’s saw the arrival of a new breed of doctors who came
to the city of Lipa to establish their medical practice. Most of them are Lipeños while the
rest came from other parts of Batangas and even from far-away Mindanao.

Considering its strategic location, burgeoning economy, cool weather and over-all
warmth of its people, they came bringing with them their expertise after years of rigorous
training in various specialties. The established doctors in the city welcomed them with open
arms knowing that they are a boon to the health care delivery system and assets to the local
medical society.

Truly it did not take so long for these doctors to claim their niche in the medical
community. Eventually realizing that there’s so much ahead, these doctors made an
auspicious start by establishing a laboratory to cater to the needs of their patients. This
came to be known as Citimedics, Inc. which still stands today. The idea in putting this up
was the off-shoot of shared experiences of these doctors who foresaw that the only way to
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

pursue continuous professional growth and at the same time offer better health services
would be to eventually to set up a medical center.

Among these doctors are Diosdado Capacia (Family Medicine), Ramiro de Castro
(General Surgery), Nestor Atienza (Internal Medicine/Oncology), Becky Que (OB-GYN),
Irene-Cita Dy (Pediatrics). Soon joining them were those who have already firmly
established their practice from way back: Esperanza Ilagan (Internal
Medicine/Cardiology), Dalisay Kison (Family Medicine), Iluminada Comia (Family
Medicine/Pediatrics), Priscilla Farinas (Radiology) husband and wife team of Cesar and
Imelda Dimayuga (both Family Medicine). It was at this time that the lease contract for
Lasig General Hospital managed by Dr. Jose Rene de Grano and co. was about to expire
and so was also that of Mount Carmel Hospital managed by Dr. Perla Olave leading them
to join the group.

After a series of meeting held at Citimedics laboratory and at Clinica Dimayuga,

the importance of establishing a medical center was conceptualized. Dr. Nestor Atienza
and Dr. Diosdado Capacia were tasked to look for a possible site to establish a hospital.
Initially considered were the former Jimenez Hospital and the old three-storey wooden
building just across it. Realizing that these sites have no extra space for possible expansion
and absence of adequate parking, they temporarily abandoned this plan.

The discussion of establishing a medical center at par with the biggest one in Lipa,
at that time was NL Villa Hospital, became a serious discussion. Dr. Alfred del Castillo
also joined the group and he was tasked in scouting for a more ideal location. The site now
occupied by Hotel ni Mang Jose was first considered but due to its steep terrain and a
relatively limited area of 2000 sq.m, it was disregarded.

The group soon managed to find the present site of Lipa Medix Medical Center
after negotiations with the owners (Bathan-Banawa Family) led to the initial purchase of
3000 sq.m at P1,300 per sq.m. It was a risky gamble as that area of Ayala Highway which
was how it was called then was rather bear with only a sprinkling of girlie bars and absence
of regular transportation service. However, with firm resolve and only fervent hope for a
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

successful venture it gathered momentum and by the time the lot was purchased there were
already 45 “willing albeit nervous” incorporators. Each incoporator contributed P 100,000
for the purchase of the lot.

A series of meetings was held at Hapag Restaurant to discuss about SEC

registration as a corporation and on March 8, 1993, the corporation was registered with
SEC as Lipa Medics Incorporated. After almost 1 ½ month, ground breaking ceremony
and ceremonial burying of capsule was done on May 25, 1993, with guests of honor Dr.
Thelma Navarete-Clemente and former Congressman and Senator Ralph Recto. It was
decided that a 3-storey building will suffice but with a foundation to support 6-storeys.

In one of the meetings held at Hapag Restaurant, the hospital vision and mission
were formulated. It was a wrong notion by some incorporators that a hundred thousand
pesos share was enough to have a building. Some kinks were ironed out and it was agreed
upon that P 5,000 to P10,000 each must be paid on monthly installment which continued
until the first year of hospital operation. An P18,000,000.00 loan was granted from SSS
through Metrobank in order to furnish the hospital with the required medical equipment
and to cope with other operational expenses.

On July 20, 1994, Lipa Medix Medical Center, a 3-storey hospital building with
50-bed capacity became fully operational. Dr. Nestor Atienza was the founding Chairman
of the Board and Dr. Jose Pepito Tenorio was the founding President. The first hospital
Medical Director was Dr. Jose Rene de Grano with Dr. Cesar Dimayuga, as the first
Hospital Administrator and Dr. Alfred del Castillo was the first Chief of Clinics. Said
hospital managers occupied their posts for several years without renumeration as the
daunting task of paying the loan without defaulting was a priority.

In 1996, the 23-room OPD was constructed, housing 60 clinicians. Under the
chairmanship of Dr. Celso Ramos, the construction of the 4th floor was started in 1999,
increasing its capacity to 75 beds. The Psychiatry Ward and Drug Detoxification Center
and the Industrial Clinic were also created. By this time too, the Dialysis Unit was already
in full swing.
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

In August 2003, under the chairmanship of Dr. Larry Manaligod, saw a major
growth of LMI: 15 new incorporators were added, raising P28M from the sale, the lot
where the new building was erected. It was also during this year, that the 10th GMM held
aboard the Star Virgo in Singapore on Feb 22, 2004.

In 2005, under the chairmanship of Dr. Jose Lacorte, the Residency Training
Program was conceptualized. Part of the corporate obligation to the victims of calamities,
we donated one hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to the landslide victims of Leyte
and Mindoro. He implemented the construction of the new building and acquisition of the
new 2D-echo machine and new ultrasound unit.

Barely 10 years after its operation, LMMC saw another milestone. Under the
chairmanship of Dr. Edwin Mendoza, the construction of the new building was started,
together with the expansion of the OR-DR complex and creation of state-of-the-art ICU.
The new building became operational in July 22, 2008 which housed the Heart Center,
Lithotripsy Center (the first in South Luzon), Dialysis Center, Pulmonary Unit and 20 suite
rooms making it a 100-bed capacity Medical Center.

In 2007, realizing the value of adding new practitioners and subspecialists, 40

common shareholders were added.

In 2008, under the leadership of Dr. Edwin Mendoza and Dr. Nestor Atienza, the
construction of 3rd floor of the new building was started. It was also under their leadership
that the High Risk Pregnancy and Infertility Center was created and became operational.
Equipped with 4D Ultrasound and capable of basic infertility work up and management,
this center is manned by a Perinatologist, a Reproductive Endocrinologist and OB-GYN
Sonologists.

In line with their vision to achieve a complete and competitive medical facility,
these two leaders also approved the creation of Minimally Invasive Surgical Unit and
Training Program for the Department of Pediatrics. The OPD was also renovated. As part
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

of corporate social responsibility, the corporation donated one house thru Gawad Kalinga,
the recipient being one of hospital female orderlies.

In addition to existing hospital equipment under the chairmanship of Dr. Gil

Maderazo, the hospital mission and vision were realized. The Neurodiagnostic Center –
consisting of EEG, EMG, and Audiometry – became operational. In addition to
radiological services, mammogram was acquired together with nuclear medicine set up.
Several nursing schools became affiliates to address their educational requirements.

Additional doctors with subspecialties were accepted not only as practitioners but
as owners as well. The position of Quality Assurance Officer became active in line with
the Philhealth thrust of providing excellent service to patients. With Dr. Teresita Andal
being the head of Quality Assurance office who work in collaboration with QA team. The
Chief of Clinics Dr. Danilo Vergara, together with the Medical Executive Committee,
formulated the LMMC Medical By-Laws. He also updated the roster of medical
practitioners and initiated the completion and organization of their 201 files.

Several hospital committees were added and activated to address the requirements.
Ethics Review Board to protect the rights and welfare of human participating as subjects
in research study. Internal Audit System Department to safeguard hospital resources and
the Master Plan Committee – who suggests to the Board of Directors short and long term
plans for hospital infrastructure. As part of future infrastructure expansion another lot was
purchased. At present the hospital is situated in a 1.510 hectares of land.

As part of social corporate obligation brought about by devastation of Typhoon

Ondoy, the hospital, thru De La Salle Lipa Brothers, donated P50,000.00 cash. Truck loads
of can goods, medicines, used clothing and bottled water were sent. Because of the
advocacy of providing modern quality healthcare and yet affordable healthcare services,
the hospital came to be known as “Your Friendly Neighborhood Hospital”.

1.4.2. FOREIGN

Bangkok Hospital Medical Center, Bangkok, Thailand

 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

(FIG. 3 Bangkok Hospital Medical Center)

Source: https://www.bangkokhospital.com/index.php/en/corporate

Bangkok Hospital was established in 1972 as one of the first private hospitals in
Thailand. Over the past 40 years we have expanded our operations to become a tertiary
care facility with dedicated hospitals for cancer and cardiology. At Bangkok Hospital, we
offer the full complement of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation services, with
specialists in all major fields of healthcare, but what sets us apart from other hospitals is
our dedication to specialized tertiary care. Services and treatment processes are
internationally certified by the Joint Commission International, one of the largest and most
respected accreditation agencies for healthcare.

Thailand has long been a premier tourist destination. Its world-renowned, exotic
travel destinations and unique culture has contributed to a steady increase in the number of
annual visitors. At the same time, the demand for internationally accredited healthcare has
also been continuously increasing. With this in mind Thailand has proven itself to be a
significant component of global healthcare.
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

A testament to our commitment to quality service for international patients, the

hospital provides a team of knowledgeable translators able to communicate effectively in
over 26 languages to ensure that there are no issues with regards to communication when
it comes to healthcare.

Bangkok Hospital aims to provide medical services in a welcoming and convenient

environment, complete with top-notch accommodation and amenities to meet the needs of
patients and relatives. Furthermore, comprehensive visa services, as well as limousine and
shuttle bus services are available to facilitate transportation to and from the hospital.

Dedicated to excellence in healthcare and continuous improvement through

advanced technology and compassionate care, visitors can expect to experience world-class
service and specialized tertiary care at Bangkok Hospital.

Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore

(FIG. 4 Gleneagles Hospital)

Source: https://www.gleneagles.com.sg
Located next to Singapore Botanic Gardens and close to the heart of the local
shopping district, Gleneagles Hospital provides a wide range of specialist, diagnostic, and
imaging services. This 258-bed hospital houses an extensive range of medical and surgical
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

specialties including Oncology, Cardiology, Liver Transplant, Gastroenterology,

Orthopaedic Surgery & Sports Medicine, and Obstetrics & Gynaecology. Since 2006,
Gleneagles Hospital has been accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI), an
internationally recognised standard for patient and staff safety, thus reflecting the
organisation’s commitment towards quality healthcare.

Inpatient Facilities

 10 Wards
 258 beds, including
 4 VIP Suites
 1 Day Surgery Ward with 40 beds
 1 Intensive Care Unit with 16 beds and 5 HDU beds
 1 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with 14 cots
 1 Transplant Unit with 7 intensive care beds, 8 single rooms and 2 two-bedded
rooms
 1 Major Operating Theatre with 12 operating rooms
 1 Delivery Suite with 9 delivery rooms and a 4-bedded first stage room

Specialist & Specialised Services

 Anaesthesiology
 Blood Transfusion Services
 Cardiology & Cardiothoracic Surgery
 Dentistry
 Dermatology
 Dietary Services
 Emergency Care
 Endocrinology
 Epilepsy Monitoring
 Executive Health Screening
 Gastroenterology
A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

 General Surgery
 Geriatric Medicine
 Haematology
 Hand Surgery
 Infectious Diseases
 Liver Transplant Services
 Medical, Surgical, Paediatric, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Wards
 Medical Oncology
 Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS)
 Neonatology
 Neurology and Neurosurgery
 Obstetrics & Gynaecology
 Ophthalmology
 Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
 Orthodontics & Periodontics
 Orthopaedic Surgery
 Otorhinolaryngology (Ear, Nose & Throat)
 Paediatric Medicine & Surgery
 Pain Management Service
 Pathology
 Pharmacy Services
 Plastic Surgery
 Psychiatry
 Radiation Oncology
 Radiology Services
 Reconstructive Surgery
 Rehabilitation Therapy Services
 Renal Medicine
 Renal Transplant
A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

 Respiratory Medicine
 Rheumatology
 Sleep Disorders
 Sports Medicine
 Therapeutic Radiology
 Topical Medicine
 Urology
 Diagnostic Services
 Ambulatory Blood Pressure (ABP)
 Ambulatory Electrocardiogram (Holter Monitoring)
 Diagnostic Echocardiography (Doppler and Colour Doppler)
 Electrocardiogram (ECG)
 Electroencephalogram (EEG)
 Imaging Services
 Radiology and Imaging Services
 Bone Mineral Densitometry
 Cardiovascular Interventional Services
 Computed Tomography (CT)
 Contrast Examinations
 General Radiography
 Fluoroscopic Examinations
 Interventional Services
 Angiography
 Angioplasty
 Full Field Digital Mammography (Breast Imaging)
 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
 Ultrasound Scan
 Urodynamic Studies
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GENERAL HOSPITAL

MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

1.5. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS

Hadid (1950) says “Architecture is really about well-being. I think that people want to feel
good in a space. On the other hand, its about shelter, but it’s also about pleasure.”
- Zaha Hadid, Architect,Zaha Hadid Architects
(http://freshome.com/2012/09/21/10-inspirational-and-architectural-lessons-from-
zahahadid/)

Johnsons (1906) says “All architecture is shelter, all great architecture is the design of
space that contains, cuddles, exalts, or stimulates the persons in that space.”
- Philip Johnsons, American Architect
(http://www.searchquotes.com/search/Hospital_Architecture/#ixzz4gPXtmkxf)

Wright (1867) says “Architecture seeks superior sense of use and a finer sense of comfort,
expressed in organic simplicity.”
- Frank Lloyd Wright, Architect
(http://www.searchquotes.com/search/Hospital_Architecture/2/#ixzz4gPaf19IQ)

1.6. • Lack
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS of hospital in San Jose
INPUT Del Monte, Bulacan
• Research
• Site Assessment
PROCESS • Design Conceptualization
• Design Application
• Architectural Planning
• Architectural plans
OUTPUT • A General Hospital at San Jose
Del Monte, Bulacan
 A PROPOSED SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN
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MOJARES, LYKA M. 16-00853

(FIG. 5 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS)

1.7. METHOD OF RESEARCH

Method of Data
Collection
Interview Thesis Site
Problem Assessment
Research
Findings Conclusion Observation
Design
Conceptualizati
on

(FIG. 6 METHOD OF RESEARCH)

1.8. SCOPE AND DELIMINATION OF THE STUDY

The researcher will analyze the medical condition of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan
to justify the need of hospital in the community. The researcher will also gather necessary
information for designing this medical facility.
The proponent is expected to make a design solution considering all the information
gathered in this research. The design will only focus on its architectural scope. It will not
cover structural, electrical, mechanical, and other designs that are beyond the control of the
proponent.

1.9 Definition of Terms

1. Patients – The main concern and users of the research. Based on observing and
gathering data about them, designing a healing environment can help them
recover faster by the help of nature.
2. Department of Health (DOH) - is the principal health agency in the Philippines.
It is the executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for
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ensuring access to basic public health services to all Filipinos through the
provision of quality health care and the regulation of providers of health goods
and services.
3. Provincial Government of Bulacan (PGB) – a Philippine Government
responsible for ensuring the basic needs and services in the province of Bulacan.
4. Healing – the process of making or becoming healthy again.
5. Public Hospital – owned by the government and receives government funds.
Provides medical care free of charge.
6. Nature – the phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants,
animals, landscapes and other features and products of the earth.
7. Healing Environment – An environment that can reduce stress and help to
reduce medical error and hospital acquired infections.

1.9.1. Abbreviations
1. OPD - Out-Patient Department
2. WHO - World Health Organization
3. ER - Emergency Room

1.10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
(http://freshome.com/2012/09/21/10-inspirational-and-architectural-lessons-from
zahahadid/)
(http://www.searchquotes.com/search/Hospital_Architecture/#ixzz4gPXtmkxf)
(http://www.searchquotes.com/search/Hospital_Architecture/2/#ixzz4gPaf19IQ)
http://www.herg.gatech.edu/Files/ulrich_role_physical.pdf
Guidelines in the Planning and Design of a Hospital and other Health Facilities (2007).
Manila: Department of Health
National Building Code of the Philippines. (2007). Quezon City: Vicente B. Foz
http://www.bullfrogfilms.com/guides/biodguide.pdf
http://uvadesignhealth.org/docs/blog/hospital-in-a-garden-by-timothy-beatley
http://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/wa/legacy-salmon-creek-hospital-6910013
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http://bulacan.gov.ph/sjdm/history.php
http://www.marilao.gov.ph/index.php?p=history_sjdm
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132312001758