MOBILE SWITCING CENTER:

GSM-UMTS Mobile Switching Center Server

Features & Benefits:

 3GPP R4 BICN VoIP support

o All-IP network consolidation with full support of VoIP for GSM and UMTS
bearers and integrated SIGTRAN
o IP-only industrial computer based soft-switch technology
 High Density starting from 1 Million BHCA per equipment shelf
o Simplified network that scales nodal capacity without adding network
complexity
o Nodal and network reliability scales in proportion to network consolidation
 'Hard' Soft-switch Platform using only 3rd Party Commercial Off-the-Shelf Equipment
o Carrier Grade design practices applied for the 2nd Generation of ATCA
equipment
o Mature, stable and highly featured application software for the ‘best of both
worlds’
o Both very high-density and highly scalable design using a blade architecture
 Fully compliant to Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA)
equipment standards
o Supply chain benefits when compared with proprietary telecom platforms
o Portfolio of carrier class features beyond those stipulated in the ATCA standard
as well as additional software robustness features
o Includes a range of performance, reliability and serviceability enhancements.

Technical Specifications:
1.Power Supply
VSE meets all of the relevant power requirements of the following standards:

 ANSI T1.315-2001; and

 ETS 300 137-2 v2.1.2

2.DC input voltage

Range is 40 – 75V DC up to 100 Amps.

3.Maximum power dissipation 3700 W (fully loaded chassis with 16 cards).

4.Operating temperature
-5° C (+23°F) to +45° (113° F)

5.Short term operating temperature

-5° C (+23°F) to +50° (122° F)

6.Altitude (operating)
VSE functions within the specified conditions for operating climate when installed at elevations
between 60m (197 ft) below sea level and 1800m (5905ft) above sea level
7.Altitude (non-operating)
Additional office cooling is required at elevations greater than 1800m (5905ft) above sea level.

8.Vibration
VSE operates properly when subjected to the office vibration conditions described in Table 14:
Office Vibration Conditions.

Frequency Range Conditions

2 to 9 Hz displacement of 1.5mm
9 to 200 Hz 0.5 acceleration

9.EMC
VSE complies with the class A limits of the following requirements concerning Electro-Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC):

 FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B (US), Class A

 EN-300-386 (EU) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM);Telecommunication network equipment; ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
requirements, Environment Class 3.2, Telecommunication equipment room (attended)
 EMC Directive 89/336/EEC (EU)
 EN55022 Class A (EU), Information Technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance
Characteristics – Limits and Methods of Measurements
 EN55024 (EU) Information Technology Equipment – Radio Disturbance Characteristics
– Limits and Methods of Measurements
 AS/NZS 3548 (Australia/New Zealand), Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio
Disturbance Characteristics of Information Technology Equipment
 VCCI Class A (Japan), Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information
Technology Equipment

10.NEBS

 GR-63-CORE, NEBS Physical Protection, Level 3

 GR-1089-CORE, Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety – Generic Criteria
for Network Telecommunications Equipment. Level 3, Equipment Type 2

SGSN :

Based on the industry-leading Multiservice Switch 15000/20000, the Nortel GSM Serving GPRS
Support Node (SGSN) performs mobility and data session management for GPRS mobiles. In
addition, the SGSN performs ciphering and compression of the data transmitted and the routing
of IP Packets. The SGSN function will also be available on the next generation platform that
supports LTE, the Nortel Access Gateway .

Key Features:
  Built on the Industry-leading Passport 15000 Variable Speed Switch
 Range of Features for deploying basic and advanced services
 Future-Ready hardware can evolve for re-use in a UMTS network

GGSN:

The Nortel Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) is available on the Services Edge Router 5500
and serves as the gateway between the wireless operator's GPRS core network and external
Packet Data Networks such as the internet. The GGSN function is also now available on the next
generation platform that supports LTE, the Nortel Access Gateway .

Key Features:

 Advanced and Scalable

 Integrated Solution -- can be deployed for GPRS or UMTS network
 Wireless Data Services -- including content-based-billing, VPN and real-time prepaid
data

GATEWAY SWITCHING CENTER:

GSM-UMTS Media Gateway:The Nortel GSM-UMTS Media Gateway offers market leading
equipment density and scalability using Nortel’s ‘Media Gateway on a Blade’ technology.
Nortel’s GSM-UMTS Media Gateway also supports blade, frame and geographic redundancy for
truly Carrier Grade Reliability. Nortel also offers a complete suite of advanced and patented
voice quality enhancement features enabling voice service differentiation through quality.

Key Features:

 High density: up to 1 Million subscribers supported per equipment frame

 Media Gateway capable of scaling up to any-capacity
 One-stop 4th Generation ‘Media Gateway on a Blade’ design with integrated optical
transmission interfaces
 Service differentiation supported through advanced voice quality enhancement feature
set

Features & Benefits

 Media Gateway capable of scaling up to any-capacity

o Very high density up to 1 Million subscribers per equipment frame
o From 400 ports up to any capacity in single port increments
o Scale up to any size by adding MGW blades and shelves as required
o Multiple racks can be applied to achieve whatever capacity is required at a site
 One-stop 4th Generation ‘Media Gateway on a Blade’ design with integrated optical
transmission interfaces
o Optimal gateway performance characteristics
o Minimum delay and jitter characteristics through the gateway
o Fully flexible configuration of packet and TDM ports without impacting capacity
  Service differentiation supported through advanced voice quality enhancement feature
set
o Operating on both compressed and uncompressed speech
o Advantage over operators offering only basic voice services
o Improve the end-user experience of speech fidelity, intelligibility and voice
characteristics
o Longer talk time and increased customer loyalty

Technical Specifications

Base capabilities

 Inter-working with PSTN or Legacy MSC switches via OC-3/STM-1c TDM interfaces
 Standards-based IP using Gigabit Ethernet with interface and blade protection
 Standards-based ATM using ATM over OC-3/STM-1 interfaces with SDH automatic
protection switching
 Nortel's proven Multi-service Switching 15000 platform

Voice/fax services

 Wide range of codes supported including G.711, all eight rates of UMTS AMR, UMTS
AMR2, GSM EFR, GSM FR AMR, GSM OHR AMR with further codecs to be added in future
releases.
 Voice encoding using IP over Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) and ATM over AAL2
 ATM Forum standard AAL-2 encoding for voice, modem, and fax traffic for low end-to-
end delay and high-bandwidth efficiency
 PRI signaling support (ANSI/ETSI)
 ISDN User Part (ISUP) (multiple country variants)
 Fixed line Echo Cancellation to 128ms tail length
 Mobile originated acoustic echo control
 Automatic Gain Control
 Background Noise Reduction
 Background Noise Control
 Discontinuous transmission for silence suppression (DTX)
 Silence insertion descriptors (SID)
 Integrated announcements
 Tone generation
 DTMF digit collection

Interfaces

 IP: GigE, 100BaseT

 VoATM: Multi-port OC-3/STM-1 with protection switching
 VoIP: GigE with interface and blade protection
 3GPP Mc interface for gateway control including Open Mc MSF compliant
implementation
 Multiservice Data Manager for OAM&P

Capacity and Scalability

 Up to 24 Gigabit Ethernet ports per frame

 Up to 96 OC-3/STM-1 ports per frame
  Up to 64,000 TDM ports per frame
 Voice processing: scaling from 400 to over 48,000 voice calls per frame in release 19

RADIO NETWORK CONTROLLER:

Radio Network Controller

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

The Radio Network Controller (or RNC) is a governing element in the UMTS radio access
network (UTRAN) and is responsible for controlling the Node Bs that are connected to it. The
RNC carries out radio resource management, some of the mobility management functions and is
the point where encryption is done before user data is sent to and from the mobile. The RNC
connects to the Circuit Switched Core Network through Media Gateway (MGW) and to the SGSN
(Serving GPRS Support Node) in the Packet Switched Core Network.

Contents

[hide]

 1 Functionality
 2 Interfaces
 3 Protocols
 4 RNC Roles
 5 See also
 6 External links
o 6.1 Specifications

[edit] Functionality

The main functions of the RNC are management of radio channels (on the Uu-, or air-, interface)
and the terrestrial channels (towards the MGW and SGSN). Radio Resource Management
functionality includes the following:

 Outer Loop Power Control

 Load control
 Admission Control
 Packet scheduling
 Handover control
 Macrodiversity combining (see also macrodiversity)
 Security functions
 Mobility Management

Additionally, RNC may also perform further resource optimization by deploying vendor-specific
algorithms such as:

 Dynamic Radio Bearer Control

 Adaptive Multi Rate Control
 Iub Overbooking (trunking efficiency)
  RNC is also a place to access all services which provided by CN (core network).

[edit] Interfaces

RNC Interfaces

The logical connections between the network elements are known as interfaces. The interface
between the RNC and the Circuit Switched Core Network (CS-CN) is called Iu-CS and between
the RNC and the Packet Switched Core Network is called Iu-PS. Other interfaces include Iub
(between the RNC and the Node B) and Iur (between RNCs in the same network). Iu interfaces
carry user traffic (such as voice or data) as well as control information (see Protocols), and Iur
interface is mainly needed for soft handovers involving 2 RNCs though not required as the
absence of Iur will cause these handovers to become hard handovers.

Until 3gpp R4, all the interfaces in the UTRAN are implemented using ATM only, except the Uu
interface which uses WCDMA technology. Starting R5, IP bearers can be used over FE instead.
Physically, these interfaces can be carried over SDH over optical fiber, E1 (sometimes referred
to as PDH) - over a copper wire or microwave radio. Several E1s can be bundled to form an IMA
Group. Since the interfaces are logical, many interfaces can be multiplexed onto the same
transmission line. The actual implementation depends on the network topology; examples are
chain, distant star and loop configurations.

[edit] Protocols

Iub, Iu and Iur protocols all carry both user data and signalling (that is, control plane).

 Signalling protocol responsible for the control of the Node B by the RNC is called NBAP
(Node-B Application Part). NBAP is subdivided into Common and Dedicated NBAP (C-
NBAP and D-NBAP), where Common NBAP controls overall Node B functionality and
Dedicated NBAP controls separate cells or sectors of the Node B. NBAP is carried over
Iub. In order for NBAP to handle common and dedicated procedures, it is divided into:
NodeB Control Port (NCP) which handles common NBAP procedures and
Communication Control Port (CCP) which handles dedicated NBAP procedures.

 Control plane protocol for the transport layer is called ALCAP (Access Link Control
Application Protocol). Basic functionality of ALCAP is multiplexing of different users
 onto one AAL2 transmission path using channel IDs (CIDs). ALCAP is carried over Iub
and Iu-CS interfaces.

 Signalling protocol responsible for communication between RNC and the core network
is called RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Part), and is carried over Iu
interface.

 Signalling protocol responsible for communications between RNCs is called RNSAP

(Radio Network Subsystem Application Part) and is carried on the Iur interface.

[edit] RNC Roles

In a relationship to a UE (in a soft handover situation) an RNC can play two different roles.
These are:

 D-RNC: Drift RNC

 S-RNC: Serving RNC

However, as far as the NodeB is concerned, the RNC may play a third role:

 C-RNC: Controlling RNC

It is important to know that one RNC can assume more than one role at any time.

[edit] See also

 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

 Operations and Maintenance Centre

[edit] External links

[edit] Specifications

 NBAP Specifications
 RANAP Specifications
 RNSAP Specifications
 RRC Specifications

[hide]
v • d • e
Mobile telephony standards
0G (radio
telephones MTS · MTA · MTB · MTC · IMTS · MTD · AMTS · OLT · Autoradiopuhelin
)
AMPS
AMPS · TACS · ETACS
1G family
Other NMT · Hicap · Mobitex · DataTAC
GSM/3GPP
GSM · CSD
family
2G
3GPP2
CdmaOne (IS-95)
family
 AMPS
D-AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136)
family
Other CDPD · iDEN · PDC · PHS
GSM/3GPP
2G HSCSD · GPRS · EDGE/EGPRS
family
transitional
3GPP2
(2.5G, CDMA2000 1xRTT (IS-2000)
family
2.75G)
Other WiDEN
3GPP
UMTS (UTRAN) · WCDMA-FDD · WCDMA-TDD · UTRA-TDD LCR (TD-SCDMA)
3G (IMT- family
2000) 3GPP2
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (IS-856)
family
3G 3GPP
HSDPA · HSUPA · HSPA+ · LTE (E-UTRA)
transitional family
(3.5G, 3GPP2
EV-DO Rev. A · EV-DO Rev. B
3.75G, family
3.9G) Other Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e-2005) · Flash-OFDM · IEEE 802.20
3GPP
LTE Advanced
4G (IMT- family
Advanced) WiMAX
IEEE 802.16m
family
unconfirme
5G unconfirmed
d

THE ONE THAT WE CAN USE IS: CDMA 2000 1xEV-DO (PDF)

CDMA 1xEV-DO Revision A is the first 3G mobile broadband access technology providing
services with peak data rates up to 3.1 Mbps from the network to the user device / handset and
up to 1.8 Mbps peak rates from the user to the network or another user device. 1xEV-DO has
enjoyed one of the fastest growths in mobile broadband globally since its launch in 2003. With a
graceful evolution to Revision A, 1xEV-DO continues its leadership to be the first to deliver
commercial-grade mobile broadband access for real-time revenue-generating applications such
as mobile VoIP, Push to Talk, Push to See, video telephony / conferencing, social networking,
fasters music/video/data downloads & and uploads, location based services, mobile TV to name
a few.

Nortel is the world's #1 vendor with the most EV-DO commercial networks deployed with Tier
one operators like Verizon Wireless, Sprint Nextel, and Telefonica O2.

Features and Benefits of Nortel's leading 1xEV-DO Solution

1xEV-DO (Evolution Data Optimized) is the evolution of CDMA2000 delivering

increased data rates, lower latency and higher capacity. Enabling new business models
for seamless wireless broadband access, 1xEV-DO provides the speed and bandwidth to
deliver revenue generating applications such as e-mails, content streaming and music
downloads at rates that consumers appreciate. Nortel 1xEV-DO experiences include
diverse types of 1xEV-DO deployments around the world and can help operators with
unique optimal solutions to meet their mobile broadband demands in enterprise,
consumer, and residential markets providing them with new revenue streams.

Nortel 1xEV-DO portfolio: providing operators clear investment protection and lower
total cost of ownership.

 Base Station: There is no need to replace current BTS equipment. To deploy

1xEV-DO revision A, only the 1xEV-DO modem card is required. Both Rev 0 and
Rev A modem card are supported and co-exist in the base station.
 Radio Network Controller (RNC): Support both revision 0 and revision A, it
also provide one of the greater 1xEV-DO capacity available today.
 End to End all IP: With optional Ethernet backhaul, our 1xEV-DO modem card
provides our customers ability to implement all IP network from end to end. It
also allow greater flexibility with up to 4 T1/E1 connections.
 Proven experience: Nortel 1xEV-DO solution around the world and more than
350+ including all other mobile systems successfully deployed.

Time to market is critical in times of intense competition. Nortel extensive expertise in

1xEV-DO deployment globally can help operators minimize risks with their 1xEV-DO
implementations. Therefore, providing as soon as possible the high capacity, high
bandwidth solution necessary for today's feature rich applications, and securing more
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provides operators with "Quality of Service" (QoS), and the ability to differentiate and
deliver multiple applications for better end-user experience.