Scribd
Upload
67 views2 pages

History of Planning 27 B

The Roman Empire began in 27 BCE under Augustus and lasted until 334 AD. During this period, Roman cities were typically planned around a central forum, with important civic and religious buildings surrounding it. The Romans built extensive aqueduct systems to transport water, as well as advanced road and bridge networks to facilitate communication and trade across their empire. The engineer Vitruvius wrote influential treatises on architecture during this time, documenting Roman architectural and urban planning techniques.

Uploaded by

Jhon Erick Mendez Mirando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views2 pages

History of Planning 27 B

The Roman Empire began in 27 BCE under Augustus and lasted until 334 AD. During this period, Roman cities were typically planned around a central forum, with important civic and religious buildings surrounding it. The Romans built extensive aqueduct systems to transport water, as well as advanced road and bridge networks to facilitate communication and trade across their empire. The engineer Vitruvius wrote influential treatises on architecture during this time, documenting Roman architectural and urban planning techniques.

Uploaded by

Jhon Erick Mendez Mirando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

HISTORY OF PLANNING 27 B.C. – 334 A.D.

AUGUSTUS:

• Was born Gaius Octavius Thurinus

• A roman statesman and military leader

• The first roman emperor

• Controlled the roman empire from 27 b.c. – 14 a.d.

ROMAN EMPIRE:

 The Roman Empire began in 27 BCE when Augustus became the sole ruler of
Rome.
 Augustus and his successors tried to maintain the imagery and language of
the Roman Republic to justify and preserve their personal power.
 Beginning with Augustus, emperors built far more monumental structures,
which transformed the city of Rome.

ARCHITECTURE

• AQUEDUCTS

– CONSISTED OF CONDUITS, TUNNELS AND PIPELINES BRINGING WATER FROM FAR-


AWAY SPRINGS AND MOUNTAINS INTO CITIES AND TOWNS.

– ROMAN AQUEDUCTS USED GRAVITY, NOT PUMPS, WITH A SLIGHT DOWNWARD


INCLINATION FOR THE WATER TO FLOW

– USED ARCADES TO TRANSPORT WATER OVER VALLEYS AND LOW-LYING TERRAIN,


WITH THE EXTENSIVE USE OF CONCRETE AND WATERPROOF CEMENT LININGS

• BRIDGES

– BRIDGES HAD ARCHES CONSISTING OF INDIVIDUAL ARCH STONES (LONGER ON ONE


END THAN THE OTHER) CALLED VOUSSOIRS, WHICH EFFICIENTLY DISTRIBUTED
THE BRIDGES’ WEIGHT

• TUNNELS

– THE ROMANS DUG TUNNELS AS WELL FOR THEIR WATER AQUEDUCTS AND ROADS
WHENEVER THEY ENCOUNTERED OBSTACLES SUCH AS HILLS OR MOUNTAINS

• ROADS

– CONSIDERED THE MOST ADVANCED ROADS BUILT UNTIL THE 19TH CENTURY

– THE SYSTEMS OF ROADWAYS FACILITATED MILITARY POLICING, COMMUNICATIONS


AND TRADE

– RESISTANT TO FLOODS AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

• MATERIALS

– THE ROMANS MADE FIRED CLAY BRICKS FROM ABOUT THE BEGINNING OF THE
EMPIRE, REPLACING EARLIER SUN-DRIED MUD-BRICK.

– ROMAN ARCHITECTS PERFECTED ROMAN CONCRETE AND USED IT IN BUILDINGS


WHERE IT COULD STAND ON ITS OWN AND SUPPORT A GREAT DEAL OF WEIGHT
PREVAILING INFLUENCES

• AMBITION TO SET UP A ONE WORLD EMPIRE

• MILITARY DOMINATION

• SEED OF THE LIFE AND TEACHING OF CHRIST

• GREEK ARCHITECTURE
DOMINATING IDEOLOGY

• ROMAN CONCEPT OF ONE WORLD ORDER OF DIFFERENT PEOPLES SHARING THE SAME LAWS
AND LEADER: THE ROMAN EMPIRE IMPERIALISM; SYNCRETISM
DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION [(POLICIES)]

• WORLD CONQUEST AND THEIR EVENTUAL INTEGRATION TO ROME; EMPEROR-DEITY


DECISION- MAKER

• PLANNER-ENGINEER

PLANNERS OF INFLUENCE / STATURE ON RECORD

• VITRUVIUS- A ROMAN ARCHITECT AND ENGINEER


INFLUENTIAL PLANNING WORKS

• ASSIMILATED THE TREATISES WRITTEN BY HIS CONTEMPORARIES AND FORMULATED A


NUMBER OF BOOKS IN ARCHITECTURE
PLANNING CONCERN OUTCOMES

• ROMAN CITIES WERE TYPICALLY FOCUSED ON THE FORUM (A LARGE OPEN PLAZA,
SURROUNDED BY IMPORTANT BUILDINGS)

• STRUCTURES SURROUNDING THE FORUM:

• BASILICA

• CURIA

• DOMUS

• INSULAE

• THE FORUM'S BASILICAS DURING THE IMPERIAL PERIOD—THE BASILICA AEMILIA ON THE
NORTH AND THE BASILICA JULIA ON THE SOUTH—DEFINED ITS LONG SIDES AND ITS
FINAL FORM

• CASTRUM OR ARMY CAMP MODEL FOR PLANNED ROMAN SETTLEMENTS BEGINNING AS


COLONIAL OR GARRISON TOWNS

• BOUNDED BY RECTANGULAR WALLS WITH GRIDDED LAYOUT OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS


DIVIDED INTO FOUR QUARTERS BY TWO MAIN STREETS WHICH CROSSED THE FORUM AND
ENDED IN FOUR GATES; BRIDGES; AQUEDUCTS; HIGHWAYS; APARTMENT BLOCKS, EIGHT-
STORY BUILDINGS WITH 70FT HEIGHT LIMIT: FIRST ZONING GRAND FORUMS OF
EMPERORS

• POPULTAION OF ROME : [250 000 – 2 000 000]

You might also like