1
Supracolic Viscera,
Infracolic Viscera,
Unpaired Arteries,
and the Portal Triad
Gail Elliott
Anatomy Instructor
Department of Anatomy
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Learning Objectives
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Peritoneal Cavity Liver
Stomache
• ParietalPeritoneum: lines the abdominal and
pelvic cavities.
• VisceralPeritoneum:covers the external surface Greater
of most organs. omentum
• Peritoneal cavity: space between parietal and
visceral layers.
Transverse
colon
Small
intestine
Peritoneal Structures Falciform
Ligament
Stomach
• Greateromentum: Liver
• Double fold of visceral peritoneum.
• Dorsal mesentery origin.
• Lesseromentum: formed by two ligaments:
• Hepatogastric ligament Greater
omentum
• Hepatoduodenal ligament
• Ventral mesentery origin.
• Falciformligament:
• Attaches the anterior aspect of the liver
to anterior abdominal wall.
• Ventral mesentery.
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Stomach
Features of the Stomach:
• Body
• Greatercurvature
• Lessercurvature
• Cardia
• Fundus
• Pylorus
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Stomach
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Liver (I)
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Liver (II)
Anterior view of the Liver
Liver
• Right lobe
• Left lobe
• Falciform ligament Right Lobe Left Lobe
Falciform
• Round ligament of the ligament
liver
• Quadratelobe Round
ligament
• Caudate lobe Gallbladder
Gallbladder
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Liver (III)
Liver
• Falciform ligament
• Round ligament of theliver
• Quadratelobe Left lobe
Right lobe
• Caudate lobe
Caudate
lobe
Gallbladder
Quadrate
lobe
Falciform
ligament
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Liver (IV)
Superior View:
Identify:
• Right & left triangular ligaments.
• Anterior & posterior coronary
ligaments.
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Hepatoduodenal Ligament &Portal Triad (I)
The portal triad run in the border of the
ligament including:
• Portal Vein
• Proper Hepatic Artery
• Common Bile Duct
Which of the structures is most posterior?
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Hepatoduodenal Ligament &Portal Triad (II)
PortalTriad:
• Hepatic portal vein is most posterior. Hepatic artery
proper
• Common bile duct: anterior, right.
Hepatic
• Hepatic artery proper: anterior, left. portal vein
Common bile
• Plexus of nerves and lymph usually duct
removed as they wrap around the
neurovasculature.
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Celiac Trunk (I)
• Three branches of the celiac trunk: Left gastric a.
• Common hepatica.
• Splenica.
• Left gastrica.
Celiac trunk
Common hepatic a.
Splenic a.
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Celiac Trunk (II)
Celiactrunk:
• Common hepatic artery
• Splenic artery
• Left gastric artery
• Which vessel will is the
largest?
• What vertebral level arewe
looking at?
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Branches of the Celiac Trunk (I)
Left Gastric Artery:
• Esophageal branches
Passes towards the esophagus and
then follows the lesser curvature of
the stomach.
Anastomose with right gastric artery.
Which structure is this artery
travelling in to reach the stomach?
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Branches of the Celiac Trunk (II)
Splenicartery:
• Short gastricaa.
• Left gastro-omentala .
The left gastro-omental artery anastomoses
with the right gastro-omental artery on the
greater curvature of the stomach in the
greater omentum.
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Branches of the Celiac Trunk (III)
Splenicartery:
Passes towards the spleen and
gives off branches to supplythe
neck, body and tail of the pancreas
which we do not typicallydissect.
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Branches of the Celiac Trunk (IV)
Common Hepatic Artery:
• Hepatic Artery Proper.
• Gastroduodenal Artery
Hepatic Artery Proper:
• Right and left Hepatic Arteries
• Right gastric artery
• Cystic artery
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Branches of the Hepatic Artery Proper (I)
Right Gastric Artery:
• Supplies the lesser curvature of
the stomach.
• Runs in the lesser omentum.
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Branches of the Hepatic Artery Proper (II)
Left hepaticartery Right hepaticartery
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Branches of the Hepatic Artery Proper (III)
Cystic Artery:
• Supplies the gall bladder.
• Arises from the right hepatic
artery.
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The Gastroduodenal Artery (I)
Gastroduodenalartery:
• Right gastro-omental artery
- Right gastroepiploicartery
• Anterior and posterior superior
pancreaticoduodenal artery
• Supraduodenal artery
Passes posterior tothe first part of the
duodenum
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The Gastroduodenal Artery (II)
• Supraduodenal artery
• Right gastro-omental artery
Right gastro-
• Anterior superior omental a.
pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Gastroduodenal a.
• Posterior superior
Anterior superior
pancreaticoduodenal arteries pancreaticoduodenal aa.
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The Spleen
Spleen
• Smooth diaphragmatic surface
• Visceral surface related to:
• Stomach
• Left kidney
• Left colic flexure
• Pancreas
• Ribs…
• What peritoneal ligament is the splenic arterytravelling
within to enter the hilum of the spleen?
The Mesenteries
Mesentery proper:
Root of themesentery
• Superior mesenteric a.
• Intestinal branches
• Vasarecta
• Ileocolic a.
Mesoappendix
• Appendicular artery
Transversemesocolon
• Middle colic artery
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The Superior Mesenteric Artery (I)
The superior mesentericartery:
• At what vertebral level does it
branch fromthe abdominal aorta?
• What structures are at risk of becoming
compressed by the superior mesenteric
artery?
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Superior Mesenteric Artery Entrapment
Left renal vein entrapment
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The Superior Mesenteric Artery (II)
Superior mesenteric artery
• Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
• Intestinal branches
• Vasa recta
• Arterial arcades
• Ileocolic artery
• Appendicular artery
• Right colic artery
• Middle colic artery
Travels within the mesentery proper to reach
the organs in the right lowerquadrant
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The Superior Mesenteric Artery (III)
Superior mesenteric a.
Inferior
pancreaticoduodenal a.
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The Duodenum
Four parts of the duodenum.
Duodenojejunaljunction:
• Suspensory ligament of
the duodenum
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The Jejunum
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The Ileum
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The Ileocecal Junction
Ileum Ileocecaljunction
• Delineates where the small
intestine ends and the large
intestine begins
Cecum
• Does this individual have an appendix?
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Ileocolic Artery
Appendicular Artery (Ileocolic A)
Middle colic artery
The Superior Mesenteric
Artery (IV)
Superior mesenteric artery
• Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Right colic • Intestinal branches
artery
• Vasa recta
• Arterial arcades
• Ileocolic artery
• Appendicular artery
• Right colic artery
• Middle colic artery
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The Superior Mesenteric Vein
Tributaries of the vein follow
branches of the superior
mesenteric artery.
Joins with the splenic vein to
form the hepatic portal vein.
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The Hepatic Portal Vein
Hepatic Portal Vein
Splenic vein
Inferior
Superior mesenteric vein
mesenteric vein
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Large intestine
or
Small intestine?
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The Inferior Mesenteric Artery (I)
The inferior mesenteric
artery
What vertebral level does
it branch from the
abdominal aorta?
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The Inferior Mesenteric Artery (II)
Inferior mesenteric artery
Left colic artery • Left colic artery
• Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal • Superior rectal artery
a.
Sigmoid arteries
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The Inferior Mesenteric Vein
Superior
mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
Inferior
mesenteric vein
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The Marginal Artery of Drummond
Marginal artery of
Drummond
Middle colic a.
Anastomosisof middle andleft
colicarteries.
Left colic a.
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