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Tungro

Tungro disease in rice is initiated when green leafhoppers feed on infected rice plants or volunteer rice and then transmit the viruses to healthy rice plants. Symptoms include mottled and yellowing young leaves and stunted plants with reduced tillers. Cultural management techniques to prevent tungro include planting rice in large contiguous areas to reduce insect populations, destroying rice stubbles after harvest, roguing infected plants, using resistant varieties, and observing fallow periods between crops to reduce pest food sources.

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375 views1 page

Tungro

Tungro disease in rice is initiated when green leafhoppers feed on infected rice plants or volunteer rice and then transmit the viruses to healthy rice plants. Symptoms include mottled and yellowing young leaves and stunted plants with reduced tillers. Cultural management techniques to prevent tungro include planting rice in large contiguous areas to reduce insect populations, destroying rice stubbles after harvest, roguing infected plants, using resistant varieties, and observing fallow periods between crops to reduce pest food sources.

Uploaded by

papotchi patotot
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Tungro

How is tungro disease initiated in the field?

◊ Green leafhoppers (GLH) that have acquired the


viruses (rice tungro bacilliform virus or RTBV and
rice tungro sperical virus or RTSV) after feeding on
infected plants, stubbles or volunteer rice in nearby
fields
◊ Infected seedlings transplanted in the field
◊ New growth from infected stubbles not effectively
plowed under

Symptoms
◊ Mottled young leaves
◊ Older leaves are yellow to yellow-orange
◊ Stunted with slight reduction in tiller number

Cultural Management

1. Plant in synchrony in large contiguous areas. This reduces population of vector insects and inocu-
lum sources. Planting should be timed when the insect population is at its lowest.
2. Destroy stubbles right after harvest. Plowing and harrow the field to eradicate GLH and tungro
hosts.
3. Roguing could help reduce tungro incidence but is not effective if incidence is already high.
4. Direct seeding. Tungro incidence is lower in direct-seeded rice than in transplanted rice.
5. Examine the distribution of diseased plants; look for the presence of GLH; observe neighboring
fields; and remove suspected plants.
6. Plant resistant varieties — use a resistant variety. Choose the variety based on the occurrence
of the disease during the previous cropping season. Resistant varieties delay disease develop-
ment, thereby reducing yield loss and sources of infection.
7. Observe a fallow period of at least one month between each cropping. This will help reduce
the pests’ food supply thereby reducing their populations.
8. Use insecticides only when needed — Do not spray in seedbed when no tungro and few GLH
are present. Insecticides should not be used repeatedly over long periods to maintain natural
enemy populations and preserve natural balance of insect populations.
9. Remove infected plants once disease is detected. Burn or bury infected plants.

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