PHARMACEUTICAL
INDUSTRY
Prepared by: Patrick Lavides Bernabe
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
History of Pharmaceutical Industry
Raw Materials, Ingredients, Final Products
Chemical Process
Pharmaceutical Companies in the Philippines
Prominent International Pharmaceutical Companies
HISTORY
Poulenc
Kline
Parke-Davis
Upjohn
1830s-1890s
started with apothecary and drug supply
Hoffmann-la Rouche
Pfizer
Present
transitioned from organic chemicals to pharmaceuticals
Agfa
Ciba
Apothecary
Pharmaceutical
Firms
MERGED AT 19th CENTURY ADNKJDBQDBABHJABDADB
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Standardization of Pharmaceuticals
Biological Era
Chemotherapy Development Synthetic Drug Production
Pharma-Research Pharma-Manufacturing
Antibiotics Era
Present day Pharmacology
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
History of Pharmaceutical Industry
Raw Materials, Ingredients, Final Products
Chemical Process
Pharmaceutical Companies in the
Philippines
Prominent International Pharmaceutical
Companies
ANCIENT RAW MATERIAL
Caustic Magnesia
Soda
ANIMAL EXTRACTS
Beeswax
Shark Cartilage
Royal Jelly
Chitin Chitosan
DRUG INTERMEDIATE
-used to make anti-allergic drugs,
anti diabetic drugs, antibiotics,
bromhexine, cefuroxime, etc.
HERBAL RAW MATERIAL
Nicotiana Tabacum (leaves, flowers, stems, roots)
–nicotine; insecticide
Papaver Somniferum (seeds)
–morphine; analgesic
Erythroxylum Coca (seeds)
– cocaine; anaesthetic
PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVES
-are inactive ingredients that serve as binders,
dosage delayers, dosage catalysts, etc.
PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVES:
EXCEPIENTS & FILLERS
added to drugs and nutraceuticals or supplements for stabilization;
often inert and has no effects to the main chemical whatsoever;
however, have been proven to participate in the physical
and chemical process of the medicine.
PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVES:
EXCEPIENTS & FILLERS
PHARMACEUTICAL ADDITIVES:
EXCEPIENTS & FILLERS
Some which may have adverse effects:
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
Prescription-Only Medicines Over-the-Counter Medicines
(POM) (OTC)
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
ALKYLATION
Barbital –an IV-controlled POM; and a long-acting
barbiturate used as a hypnotic and as a sedative
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
CARBOXYLATION AND ACETYLATION
Acetaminophen aka Paracetamol
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
CONDENSATION AND CYCLIZATION
Diazepam aka Valium –is an antianxiety and is
the most prescribed drug in the USA
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
ANTIBIOTICS
“A substance produced by microorganisms, which has the capacity of
inhibiting the growth and even of destroying other microorganisms
by the action by small amounts of it.” –Waksman, Selman
DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
ISOLATES FROM PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Insulin –taken from the pancreas
of beef or hog and plays the key role
of catalyzing glucose to fat transformation
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
History of Pharmaceutical Industry
Raw Materials, Ingredients, Final Products
Chemical Process
Pharmaceutical Companies in the
Philippines
Prominent International Pharmaceutical
Companies
PROCESS FLOWCHARTS OF
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Drug development in a Pharmaceutical Industry
Manufacturing process in pharmaceutical industry
Fermentation process diagram
Multi-purpose reactor
Organic synthetic process
Dosage-form medicines flow chart
UNIT OPERATIONS IN A
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
• Weighing and Dispensing
• Charging and Discharging solids and liquids
• Liquid Separations
• Transferring Liquids
• Filtration
Sparkler filter
UNIT OPERATIONS IN A
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
High steam granulator
• Compounding
• Granulation
• Drying
• Milling
Vacuum shelf dryer
Rotary vacuum dryer
UNIT OPERATIONS IN A
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
• Blending
• Compression
Tablet coating machine
Tablet press
HEALTH AND SAFETY
HAZARDS
Ergonomics Hazard Chemical Hazard
Machine Guarding Hazard
Noise Hazard
credits to http://www.ilocis.org/documents/chpt79e.htm
COST ANALYSIS OF
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
COST ANALYSIS OF
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
History of Pharmaceutical Industry
Raw Materials, Ingredients, Final Products
Chemical Process
Pharmaceutical Companies in the
Philippines
Prominent International Pharmaceutical
Companies
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES
IN THE PHILIPPINES
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES
IN THE PHILIPPINES
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
History of Pharmaceutical Industry
Raw Materials, Ingredients, Final Products
Chemical Process
Pharmaceutical Companies in the
Philippines
Prominent International Pharmaceutical
Companies
BIGGEST PHARMACEUTICAL
INDUSTRIES OF 2016
The end.
