TRAFFIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
Presented by : Anil Kr. Chhotu (11ID60R06) Pranav Mishra (
INTRODUCTION
Traffic information system may be defined as an information system which involves the collection and processing of current traffic data by traffic control agencies for dissemination of such information to the users.
WHY T.I.S. ????
Traffic congestion has always been a serious problem for commuters in the metropolitan areas around the world. It causes unpleasant and unpredictable delay. With a good T I S in place the users can react to congestion by taking an alternative less congested route based on the traffic information they receive.
T.I.S. helps to
Monitor and manage traffic flow. Reduce congestion. Provide safety. Enhance mobility. Reduce energy consumption. Reduce pollution. Develop a multi-modal public transport enquiry system to encourage the public to use public transport services
ELEMENTS OF T.I.S.
T I S consist of 3 key elements, namely Traffic information data collection Data Processing Information Dissemination
Data Processin g
Information Dissemination
Data collection
Information To Be Shared
Transit Routes Transit Schedules Turning restrictions Speed Restrictions Direction Controls Lane Closures Road Diversions Delay time Travel time
New Roads Accidents Incidents Traffic Conditions Operational Statistics Trends Usage Congestion
Broad classification.
Centralized system Decentralized system.
Centralized system
It involve a central authority to collect, process and disseminate the data. Data of vehicle speed and traffic flow are calculated by Embedded censors. This data is sent to T.M.C. for processing and analyzing. The result of this analysis is disseminated via Radio broadcasts. Internet. Variable message signs. Direct to user on demand. Disadvantage
Cost intensive.
Limited coverage?
The problem of limited coverage is solved to a limit by use of PROBE vehicles. These are the vehicles which are fitted with devices to collect and transmit data to TMC at regular intervals.
Centralized traffic information system
OLSIM
OLSIM
Along with real time situation, it also forecasts the situation 30 min. and 60 min. hence. Real time data are collected from LOOP DETECTORS, and processed to give real time information. For forecasting, actual traffic data from loop detectors are combined with heuristic data from VMS, TWS. It has been proposed at North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Data collected from loop detectors are
Number of vehicles Average speed of vehicles. Average occupancy.
All the processed information is integrated in a Java applet and can be accessed by any user on web.
Setup of OLSIM T.I.S.
The information can be accessed from website www.autobahn.nrw.de
Decentralized system
It is a zero public infrastructure vehicle based traffic information system. A traffic situation analysis is performed in each individual vehicle and the result is transferred via wireless data-link to all surrounding vehicles in the local neighborhood.
Why decentralized T.I.S??
The problems with Centralized T.I.S.
A large
number of sensors is needed to be deployed in order to monitor the traffic situation. The traffic information service is limited to streets where sensors are integrated. Traffic information is distributed with a relatively high delay (typically in the range of 20-50 minutes). It is not suited for vehicle-to-vehicle emergency notifications. Cannot include specific details on the area close to the current position of the driver. An extremely large investment for the communication infrastructure (sensors, central unit, wired and wireless connections) is necessary.
SOTIS
Self-organizing Traffic Information System (SOTIS): Each vehicle monitors the locally observed traffic situation by recurrently receiving data packets with detailed information from other vehicles. A traffic situation analysis is performed in each individual vehicle and the result is transferred via wireless data-link to all surrounding vehicles in the local neighborhood. No sensors along the highways, no central units and no broadcast stations or cellular networks are needed. The complete system can be easily deployed and service charges for the end user can be avoided
SYSTEM DESIGN
The SOTIS system design is based on the following guidelines and technical assumptions: The SOTIS technique should be able to provide reliable travel and traffic information for the area that can be reached in the near future by the driver. Each SOTIS vehicle is equipped with a satellite navigation receiver (GPS), a digital street map, a simple digital radio and a small data processing unit. The SOTIS service should be available at each position, on highways and in cities, at any time. For covering large area with limited bandwidth, simple control systems should be used to avoid data packet collisions.
Types of Report by SOTIS
Periodic report.
Emergency report
SOTIS traffic information distribution technique
Receive
Analyze
Send
SOTIS Packet propagation
Comparative performance
Driving route based Visual TIS
As jam level represents average speed of vehicles, TIS usually reports same jam level to all users. Whereas different drivers have different perception of same traffic situation.
At intersections.
At some hot spot.
Hence, an improved TIS was proposed to provide specific data to specific users based on routes or destination. Information is collected by on-vehicle camera and sensors. Each user gets data according to his own route plan,
This system is applied for routes with obvious deviations. If the route of driver is known, potential deviations on the route can be identified and information for that user can be customized. The system consist of two parts Vehicles, with modules of
Communication. Location detection. Visual information. Input/display
Traffic centre, with modules of
Communication Visual information collection to analyze. Visual information distribution according to route plan.
This system can provide personalized service.
References
http://www.uctc.net/research/diss144.pdf
http://www.utwente.nl/ctw/aida/research/publications/TM_mai n_report_survey.pdf
http://www.billingpreis.mpg.de/hbp03/OLSIM.pdf http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=059701 19 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=60 60109
http://www.mendeley.com/research/decentralized-trafficinformation-system-design-based-intervehiclecommunication/
