Terrestrial Biomes
Terrestrial Biomes
v Terrestrial-livings on the land rather than
sea or air
v Biomes-Major regional community of plants
and animals in similar physical
environmental conditions
v Importance of Biomes- information of the
diversity of life on the earth like in
chemistry Periodic table
• Reflect global pattern of precipitation and
temperature
• Convenient way to describe world’s flora
and fauna
vPlants are immobile. So they can occupy a place for
a long time.
vAnimals can migrate one place to another place due
to food resources, water resources and any natural
problem like fire or to save themselves from predator
vPlants are good indicator of physical
environmentalbecause they compete for water ,
nutrients and light
vMicroorganismreflects physical conditions in a
manner similar to plants, but their tiny size and rapid
spatial changes in their composition, makes them
Diagram of classification
Tropical Rainforest
vLocation – near equator where rain
fall is abundant and through the year
RED color is showing tropical rain
Features of the tropical
rain forest
vCombination of moisture and
warm allows continuous growth of
the plants
vContain a greatest diversity of
life of any of the world’s biomes
vcontain 50% species of the earth
vIf you take a cubic meter of soil
then u will find at least one
invertebrate that has not been
Features of the tropical rain
forest
vCharacterized by the broadleaved
evergreen and deciduous trees
vCanopy trees, 30-50 meter high and
their most photosynthesis takes place
vMany trees produce aerial roots which
absorb nutrients just as roots in soil do
vAdaption- Some species have
cyanobacteriawhich live in their fur and
turn it green, helps to reduce predation
vMain source of Oxygen
Boreal Forest
Location-mostly part in
siberia(Russia)
GREEN colour in map boreal
forest
Climate of Boreal Forest
Features of the Boreal forest
• Boreal forest also known as Taiga
• Largest biomes in area and contain
one third part of the forested land
• Podzol –russian word for ‘ash
beneath’
• Podzol are products of cold, wet
climates where the litter fall is of
tough leaves
Features of boreal forest
• Main feature of podzolic soil profile is
the clarity of the different horizons
• Triangle shape of the trees
Features of the boreal forest
• Soil contain a lot of organic material
so during extensive summer drought
fire occurs and soil fire may continue
to burn for several years, giving rise
to green house effect
Desert
• Location- Yellow colour is showing
desert part
Classification of desert bomes
• Hot and dry
• Semiarid
• Coastal
• Cold
Features of desert biomes
• Spiny nature of plants reduce
transpiration and having CAM
photosynthesis.
• Some plants open their stomata only
at night when evaporation rates are
lowest.
• Cold desert occur in the Antarctic,
Greenland, hot and dry desert in
west part of Rajasthan
Tundra Biomes
Location
Features of the tundra
• Continuous period of light for 1
month or 2 month
• Use of Transient Electromagnetic
Method (TEM) for detecting
permafrost thickness
• Plants survive the long winter by
going dormant, maintaining the living
tissues under the soil or snow
Coniferous Forest Biomes
Location-
Features of Coniferous forest
• In winter temp -15 to -30 degree
• Trees forms cone like shape
Features of the coniferous
forest
• Normally trees cover mountainsides
• Trees are tall, narrow, having thick
bark
Temperate Deciduous Forest
• Location
Features of deciduous Forest
• Enough rain fall for plants and soil
are fertile to supply nutrients
• Deciduous plants drop their leaves
during cold and dry period
• Example of trees : Oak, Maple
Tropical seasonal forest and
Features of grasslands
• Grass dominated landscape
• Grasses having 2 type of
photosynthesis one is C4 , second is
C3
Summary
Save biomes
• Biomes area are changing due to the
acid rain, game population, logging,
agriculture, industrialization
• save biomes to maintain ecology
system
Ending with John Muir’s
quotation
• "The clearest way into the
universe through a forest
wilderness." - John Muir
