What is
Communication?
a process of sharing information
through symbols, including words
and message
-Morris Philip and Shirley
Kuiper
Functions of Communication
1.) Information
to provided information through communication for the
function
decision-making in the organization
2.) Motivation
motivate employees to commit themselves to the
function
organizations objective
3.) Control function
when properly communicated, all the organizational goals and
objectives are implemented
4.) Emotive
when feelings are repressed
function
s
p
o
l
e
Dev
Idea
Encodes
Accept?
Dec
ode
s
Re
je
c
? t
Transmit
Who receives
message
Sender
Receiver
Provides
feedback
Steps of
Communication
Forms of
Communication:
Verbal
Nonverbal
Verbal Communication
- are communication that are transmitted through
hearing or sight
1.) Oral
Communication
- Hearing the senders words
- Seeing Body Movements
2.) Written Communication
where the sender seeks to communicate through written wo
Nonverbal Communication
- are communicationthrough sending and
receiving wordless clues. It includes the use of
visual cues such as body language (kinesics),
distance (proxemics) and physical
environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage)
and of touch (haptics).
Barriers to Communication
1.) Personal
hindrances to effective communication arising from
Barriers
communicators characteristics as a person(i.e., emotions, values,
poor listening, habits, sex, age, race, socioeconomic status,
religion, education)
2.) Physical Barriers
interference to effective communication occurring in the
environment where the communication is undertaken.
3.) Semantic
Semantic the study of meaning as expressed in symbols
Barriers
-interference with the reception of a message that occurs when the
message is misunderstood even though it is received exactly as
transmitted
Overcoming Barriers to
Communication
1.) use feedback to facilitate understanding and increase the
potential for appropriate action
2.) repeat messages in order to provide assurance that they
are properly received
3.) use multiple channels so that the accuracy of the
information may be enhanced
4.) use simplified language that is easily understandable and
which eliminates the possibility of people getting mixed-up
with meanings
Techniques for Communicating in
organizations
Horizontal Communication
H
H
Downward
Communicati
on
Upward
Communicati
on
Horizontal Communication
Downward Communication
message flows from higher levels of authority to
lower levels
- to give instruction
- to provide information about policies and
procedures
- to give feedback about performance
- to indoctrinate or motivate
Upward Communication
message from lower-level positions to persons in
higher positions
Techniques:
Formal grievance
procedures
Employee Attitude and
opinion Surveys
Suggestion System
Open-Door Policy
Informal Gripe Sessions
Task forces
Exit interviews
Horizontal Communication
-messages sent to individuals or groups from
another of the same organizational level or position
- to coordinate activities between
department
- to persuade others at the same level of
organization
- to pass on information about activities or
feelings
Management Information system
An organized method of providing past,
present, and projected information on
internal operations and external intelligence
for use in decision-making
Boone & Kurtz
Purpose of MIS
1.) to provide a basis for the analysis of early warning signals
that can originate both externally and internally
2.) to automate routine clerical operations like payroll and
inventory reports
3.) to assist managers in making routine decisions like
scheduling orders, assigning orders to machine, and reordering
supplies
4.) to provide the information necessary for management to
make strategic or non-programmed decisions
Th a n
k yo
u!!
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Develop an Idea
Most important step in
effective communication
Idea must be useful/valuable
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Encode
- Putting idea into
words/figure/symbols
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Transmit
Channels for transmission:
-spoken word
-television
-body movements -telephone
-written
-radio
-artists paint
-
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Receive
Communication stops when
the machine is not turned on
to receive the message or the
person assigned to receive
the message does not listen
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Decode
- Translating the message from
the sender into a form that will
have meaning to the recipient.
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Accept/Reject
- Acceptance or Rejection of the
The
factors message
that affect the acceptance/rejection of
received
a message:
1. The accuracy of the message
2. Whether/not the sender has the authority to send the
message and/or require action
3. The behavioral implications for the receiver
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Use
- Application of the received
message
Steps in Effective
Communication:
Provide Feedback
- The last step in the
process
