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Power Triangle & Factor Correction

The document discusses the power triangle, which represents the relationship between real power, reactive power, and apparent power in AC circuits. It defines real power as the power actually consumed, reactive power as power that flows back and forth in the circuit, and apparent power as the total power. The power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power and determines the efficiency of power transmission. An example is given of calculating the current, apparent power, reactive power, and power factor correction for a single-phase load.

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372 views14 pages

Power Triangle & Factor Correction

The document discusses the power triangle, which represents the relationship between real power, reactive power, and apparent power in AC circuits. It defines real power as the power actually consumed, reactive power as power that flows back and forth in the circuit, and apparent power as the total power. The power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power and determines the efficiency of power transmission. An example is given of calculating the current, apparent power, reactive power, and power factor correction for a single-phase load.

Uploaded by

flux
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power Triangle

Power Factor Correction


Power Triangle
The representation of a right angle triangle showing the
relation between real power, reactive power, and
apparent power.
Real Power
The power which is actually consumed or utilized in AC
circuits
Denoted by P
Sometimes called true power or active power.
Measured in Watts or kiloWatts
Reactive Power
The power which flows back and forth
Denoted by Q
Measured in volt-ampere reactive(VAR) or kilovolt-
ampere reactive(kVAR)
Apparent Power
The total power in ac circuit
Combination of true power and reactive power
Denoted by S
Measured in volt-ampere(VA) or kilovolt-
ampere(kVA)
Power Factor
The ratio of Real Power over the Apparent Power
Power Factor = Real Power/ Apparent Power
pf = P/S
cos = P/S
Real Power = Apparent Power x cos
Real Power = Voltage x Current x cos
P = VIpf
Example
A single phase load on 220 V AC source takes 100 W at 0.6
lagging power factor. Assume the load power factor will be
brought to about 0.9.

Current at 0.6 lagging power factor


Real Power = Spf
P = Vipf
I = P/Vpf
I = 100/220(0.6)
I = 0.75 Amperes

Apparent Power (S)
S = VI
S = 220(0.75)
S = 165 VA

Reactive Power
Q = Ptan
Q = 100(tan(53.13)
Q = 133.33 VAR
Corrected Power Factor to 0.9
Current
P = Spf
P = Vipf
I = P/Vpf
I = 100/220(0.9)
I = 0.5 Ampere
Reactive Power
Q = Ptan
Q = 100(tan(24.84))
Q = 48.43
Total Reactive Power
Total Reactive Power = Reactive Power old
Reactive Power New Q = Qold Qnew
Q = 133.33 48.43
Q = 84.9 VAR

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