O rganizational
Com m unication
Eric Christian James Abellera
Zybellyn Jan Ferrer
Daniel Tabay
W hat is C O M M U N IC ATIO N ?
Communication is a requirement for
survival and growth not only of
people but also organizations.
Communication may be defined as
the transfer of information including
feelings, and ideas from one person
to another.
IM P O RTA N C E O F
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
What their organization is
What objectives their organization
wants to achieve
What their roles are in achieving the
organizations objectives
How will they achieve those
objectives
Who the individual members of the
organization are
B A SIC G O A LS O F
EFFEC TIV E
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
In organization, it must be made
effective. Effective communication is
really a way to achieve certain goals
which consist of the following:
To gain goodwill
To inquire
To inform
To persuade
TH E C O M M U N IC ATIO N
P R O C ESS
Communication is a two way process
in which a sender reaches a receiver
with a message.
A communication source or sender
A message
A channel
A receiver
Feedback
The environment
Sender
A person who makes the attempt
to send a message which could
be spoken, written, in sign
language or nonverbal to another
person or a group of persons.
The M essage
The message is a purpose or an idea to
be conveyed in a communication
event. It is the actual product as a
result of encoding.
FACTORS HOW THE MESSAGE
RECEIVED
Clarity of the message
Alertness of the receiver
Complexity and length of the
TW O C O M P O N EN TS O F
M ESSA G E
The thought or conceptual component
of the message
Contained in the words, ideas, symbols,
and concepts chosen to relay the
message.
The feeling or emotional component of
the message
Contained in the intensity, force,
demeanor and sometimes the gesture of
the sender.
The C hannel
It is the medium through which the
message travels. It consists of
various types which are as follows:
Face to face
Telephone or cell phones
E-mail
Written memos or letters
Posted notices
bulletins
C lassif c
iation of C hannel
FORMAL INFORMAL
Policies Do not
Procedures
follow chain
Announcement
of command
s
The R eceiver
The person receiving message is the
receiver. He must interpret and
understand the message.
He will be influenced by factors like:
Age
Gender
Beliefs
Past experience
Cultural experience
Individual needs
The Feedback
Refers to the process of
communicating how one feels
about something another person
has done or said.
It is difficult to know whether the
message was received and
understood without feedback.
The N oise
Refers to anything that disrupts
communication including the attitude
and emotions of the receiver.
Noise includes loud music, the
feeling about sick relative, children
playing in the playground and many
others.
B A SIC M ETH O D S O F
IN TER P ER SO N A L
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Is a major means of sending a
message. It includes one on one
meetings, speeches, grapevine,
telephone, departmental meetings or
presentation.
The delivery of the message is quick
and it provides the opportunity for a
quick feedback.
A P P R O P R IATE M ETH O D of
Verbal C om m unication
Wants to appear informal
Wants to invite suggestions and
ideas
Explaining something complex
Ask for clarification
Has something highly confidential to
say and putting it in writing is risky
IN A P P R O P R IATE M ETH O D
Wants to maintain formality or
distance from the other person
Wants a permanent record of what has
been said
Needs receivers comments to be in
writing for legal reasons
Wants to avoid further discussion of
the subject by signaling that the
matter is closed.
W R ITTEN C O M M U N IC ATIO N
Written communication including memos,
notice-boards and letters to staff, emails,
faxes, newspaper, and instant messaging.
ADVANTAGES:
Formal and authoritative
Permanent record
Number of people will receive exactly the
same information
Something quicker
Words can be chosen carefully
Avoids lengthy discussion
DISADVANTAGES
The receiver needs to ask questions or seek
clarification
More discussion is needed before facts are
established
A friendly and informal atmosphere is needed
The message is very important
The message is confidential
The information may be upsetting to the
receiver
N O N V ER B A L
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
Nonverbal communication takes
place through facial expressions,
body movements, eye contact
and other physical gestures.
This type of communication
reveals what the sender really
mean or thinking.
FU N C TIO N S O F
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
INFORMATION FUNCTION
- provides information needed in
decision making.
MOTIVATION FUNCTION
- communication is a means used to
encourage commitment to
organizational objectives.
CONTROL FUNCTION
- communication clarifies duties
authority and responsibilities thereby
permitting control.
EMOTIVE FUNCTION
- permits the expression of feelings
and the satisfaction of social needs.
B A R R IER S TO
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
There are times when the receiver is not
able to properly receive or understand the
message as intended by the sender, these
barriers consist of the following:
Filtering
Selective perception
Informative overload
Emotions
Language
Communication apprehension
K IN D S O F C O M M U N IC ATIO N
FLO W
The flow of communication in
organization takes different
directions.
1. Downward
2. Upward
3. Horizontal
D O W N W A R D C O M M U N IC ATIO N
Refers to message flows from higher
levels to lower level. Their purposes are:
1. To give instructions;
2. To provide information about policies
and procedures;
3. To give feedback about performances;
and
4. To indoctrinate or motivate.
The various techniques used in
downward communications are:
1. Letters, meetings, and the
telephone or cell phone;
2. Manuals;
3. Handbooks; and
4. Newsletter
U P W A R D C O M M U N IC ATIO N
Refers to message from person in
lower level positions to persons in
higher position. Its purposes are:
1. To provide feedback to higher-ups;
2. To inform higher-ups of progress
towards goal; and
3. To relay current problems.
The techniques used in upward
communications are:
1. Performance reports;
2. Suggestion systems;
3. Informal gripe sessions;
4. Open-door policy; and
5. Exit interviews.
H O R IZ O N TA L
C O M M U N IC ATIO N
Refers to message sent to individuals or
groups from another of the same
organizational level or position. Its
purposes are:
1. To coordinate activities between
departments;
2. To persuade others at the same level
of organizations; and
3. To pass on information about activities
or feelings.
The techniques used in horizontal
communications are:
1. Memos;
2. Telephones or cell phones;
3. Picnics; and
4. Dinners and other social affair.
INEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION can
affect people involved in it negatively. It
can cause hurt feelings, and waste of time
and valuable resources. To avoid unwanted
effects, there are tips could be useful:
1. The message should be improved so it
could be easily understood; and
2. The receiver must improve his skill in
understanding the message sent to him.
