MIND Diet
Mediterranean – DASH Intervention
for Neurodegenerative Delay
SGD 7: Medicine III - B
Bidiones, Carvajal, Constantino, Gotico, Lavilla, Monroy, Respicio, Sillo, Tanedo, Ycon
MIND Diet = Mediterranean + DASH
01 Overview of Mediterranean Diet and DASH
02 MIND Diet:
Background and Rationale
03 Effects and Benefits
04 Recommendations
Overview:
Mediterranean & DASH
01
1. What is Mediterranean Diet?
“
A diet plan reflecting the food patterns consumed in the Greek and Southern Italian
regions (1960s) believed to have the highest adult life expectancy with lowest heart
disease and cancer rates…
The diet is characterized by having an abundance of plant-based foods, fruits and
vegetables; fresh, minimally-processed foods, minimal sugary sweets, low-to-moderate a
“
mounts of dairy, fish, and poultry; low amounts of red meat, few eggs, & some wine.
(Fillett et al. 1995, Mediterranean food pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating)
1. What is DASH Diet?
“ DASH, which stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension,
recommends eating vegetables, fruits, and whole grains including fat-free
or low-fat dairy products, fish, poultry, beans, nuts, and vegetable oils;
“
while limiting intake of foods that are high in saturated fat, tropical oils,
sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets.
(Source: National Institute of Health)
MIND Diet
02
The MIND Diet is combination of Mediterranean + DASH Background
and
2015 by Martha Clare Morris, a nutritional epidemiologist Origin
Publication of an observational study reporting that modifying
a patient’s dietary intake could significantly lower the risk of
developing Alzheimer’s (Researchers at RUSH University
Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois and Harvard School of
Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts)
Mediterranean and DASH were found to have reduced
the risk of cardiovascular conditions, Alzheimer’s and DM.
TIMELINE
Increased prevalence of
hypertension prompted U.S. NIH to
study the role of DIET PATTERNS
on BLOOD PRESSURE = DASH
(DIETARY APPROACHES TO STOP
HYPERTENSION)
1960s 1990s 2015
GREECE and ITALY: highest MORRIS (2015) published results
ADULT LIFE EXPECTANCY and showing that modifying a DIET
lowest rates of HEART DISEASE INTAKE can lower risk of
and SOME CANCERS. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE.
Their food patterns were made in She cited MEDITERRANEAN &
to a diet known as the DASH could significantly reduce
MEDITERRANEAN DIET. risk of ALZHEIMER’S, as well as
HYPERTENSION, DIABETES,
HEART ATTACK, and STROKE.
It sparked our interest because it is a combination of 2 diets Rationale
proven to be effective. What more can it offer?
The diet meal plan is cost effective, easy to follow and foods
in the diet plan are accessible.
“Hitting 2 birds with 1 stone” by lowering the risk of
Alzheimer’s and addressing DM and Cardiovascular disorders
as well.
There is high incidence of DM, Hypertension, Obesity
worldwide.
MIND Diet
MUST-EAT FOODS:
GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES WHOLE GRAINS
6 servings / week 3++ servings / DAY
BERRIES FISH
2++ servings / week once per week
NUTS BEANS
5 servings / week At least 3 servings / week
(Continuation)…
POULTRY WINE
2x / week 1 glass / day
OLIVE OIL Other VEGETABLES
Used as main cooking oil
MIND Diet
MUST-AVOID FOOD:
RED MEAT
> 4 servings / week
FRIED OR FAST FOOD
> 1 serving / week BUTTER, MARGARINE
> 1 tbsp daily
PASTRIES AND SWEETS
> 5 servings / week CHEESE
> 1 serving / week
Effects &
Benefits
03
A. Effects of MIND Diet
DASH + Mediterranean diet reduces chances of having
heart disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. Higher
adherence to the MIND diet was associated with slower
cognitive decline.
Will MIND
1 Diet help you lose weight?
While MIND study was not geared toward weight loss,
1 2
2
the brain-unhealthy foods frowned upon in MIND –whole
3
4 dairy products, pastries, sweets, fried foods – are also
3
tied to weight gain. By avoiding these foods,
you might take off pounds while staving off dementia.
4
B. Benefits of MIND Diet
1. Alzheimer’s Disease
2. Cardiovascular
• Post-stroke
MIND diet potential in slowing cognitive decline among stroke px
Cherian et al 1 (2018): observational1 prospective cohort study with
106 participants who each had a MIND diet score calculated based
on their responses to a food frequency
2 questionnaire
3. Diabetes Mellitus: Adoption of a Mediterranean-style
3 diet has been
demonstrated to reduce insulin resistance. (Ryan, M., 2000).
4
1 Cherian, LJ. Et. Al. 2018. American Heart Association Journals, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/str.49.suppl_1.152
MIND Diet and DM
A. DM Prevention
o Journal Diabetologia , August 2013:
based on >22,000 people followed for 11 years
people in Mediterranean Diet = 12% less likely to develop DM
o Annuals of Internal Medicine, Jan. 2014
3,500 seniors at risk for heart disease
people in Mediterranean Diet + supplement virgin oil / + nuts =
least likely to develop DM
The MIND diet, which singles out olive oil and nuts as brain-healthy
food groups, Is likely to have similar diabetes-prevention benefits.
B. DM Control
o The MIND diet, which categorizes sweets and pastries as an unhealthy
food group, might also help keep blood sugar in check.
Figure 1. Percent reduction in Alzheimer's Disease in Figure 2. Comparison in standardized regression
patients undergoing MIND diet coefficients in the effects of the different diets in
patients with Alzheimer's Disease.
Recommendations
04
1. The official paper on the MIND diet was only published last 2015.
Thus, there is not much research investigating its effects.
2. 2 observational studies on the MIND diet have shown very promising results:
a. In a study of 923 adults, people who adhered closest to the diet showed 53% lower risk
of Alzheimer’s, and
b. people who followed the MIND diet the closest
1
experienced a slower decline in brain
function. However, both of these studies were only observational and has only detected
associations. 2
3. More controlled studies regarding the underlying mechanisms and the effects of the diet on
3
Alzheimer’s as well as the lifestyle diseases such as Hypertension and DM are
recommended.
4
References
1. Berendsen, A., Kang, J., Feskens, E., de Groot, C., Grodstein, F. and van de Rest, O. (2017).
Association of long-term adherence to the mind diet with cognitive function and cognitive decline in
American women. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 22(2), pp.222-229.
2. Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, Sacks FM, Bennett DA, Aggarwal NT. MIND diet associated with
reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2015;11(9):1007-14.
3. Morris MC, Tangney CC, Wang Y, et al. MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging. Alzheimers
Dement. 2015;11(9):1015-22.
4. Marcason, W. What are the components to the MIND Diet? J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. 115:1744, 2015
5. Cherian, LJ. Et. Al. 2018. American Heart Association Journals,
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/str.49.suppl_1.152
