Data Warehouse Security
VAISHALI S
                      Introduction
 The implementation of data warehouses (DWs) for the
  huge databases has become one of the major needs of the
  current times. Large organizations having different small
  databases need a proper integration of their small
  databases and development of data warehouses.
 A data warehouse (DW) is a collection of corporate
  information and data derived from operational systems and
  external data sources. A data warehouse is designed to
  support business decisions by allowing data consolidation,
  analysis and reporting at different aggregate levels. Data is
  populated into the DW through the processes of extraction,
  transformation and loading.
                 Security Requirements
 Adding security features affect the performance of
    the data warehouse, therefore it is important to
    determine the security requirements as early as
    possible. It is difficult to add security features after
    the data warehouse has gone live.
   The following activities get affected by security
    measures −
   User access
   Data load
   Data movement
                 Audit Requirements
 Auditing is a subset of security, a costly activity. Auditing
  can cause heavy overheads on the system. To complete an
  audit in time, we require more hardware and therefore, it is
  recommended that wherever possible, auditing should be
  switched off. Basically the following activities are
  interesting for auditing
   Connections
   Disconnections
   Access to data
   Change of data
   Deletion of Data
                  Documentation
 The audit and security requirements need to be
    properly documented. This will be treated as a part
    of justification. This document can contain all the
    information gathered from −
   Data classification
   User classification
   Network requirements
   Data movement and storage requirements
   All auditable actions
               Network Requirements
 Network Requirements. Network requirements are a
 further important part of security requirements. For
 the transfer of data from the source system (usually
 an operational system) into a data warehouse they
 must mostly be transmitted over a network. For such
 a data transfer precautions must be taken, in order
 to retain the confidentiality and integrity of the data
                 Data Movement
 There exist potential security implications while
 moving the data. Suppose we need to transfer some
 restricted data as a flat file to be loaded. When the
 data is loaded into the data warehouse
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