Hey !
We are
going to the
world of
computers……..
Come join us…
WELCOME
TO
THE WORLD
OF
COMPUTERS
R O
T
IN
O
So, first of all what is
database?
It is an organized collection of
information that can be easily
accessed, managed and updated.
The overall purpose of a database
is to record and maintain
information that is relevant to an
organization , and necessary for
making decision .
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (DBMS)
Earlier, it was difficult to maintain a database
manually that consisted of hundreds and
thousands of records. Moreover, when a piece
of information was to be updated in this
system, it had to be done separately in all
related files. These issues created the need for
designing an efficient Database Management
System(DBMS), which could easily handle vast
amount of data and provide centralized control
over it.
There is no human intervention in the information
retrieval process and no-one except the
computer can work so fast and accurate for
millions of users, bank account holders or
students. The computer works, like this, with
the help of a powerful software called DBMS.
NEED FOR A DBMS
There is always a need for an efficient database
management system, which should be
capable of handling vast amount of data. A
DBMS must have the following goals:
To provide retrieval flexibility. It should be
easy to link data from different files.
To facilitate reduction of data duplication
and elimination of multiple copies of a
master file. Data redundancy control helps in
overcoming updating problems and
promotes data integrity.
To ensure high level of data independence.
The data is hidden from the programming
language, operating system and processing
environment. It should be up to the DBMS to
convert the stored data into a form, which
Let us discuss the need of a DBMS with respect to:
1. Data Storing:
We can store large amount of data using an efficient
DBMS. Let us take the example of a bank database. A
bank has thousands of customers whose complete
data is stored in a database. From details of account
numbers to customer names, account balance to
financial transactions, everything is managed by the
DBMS. It proves you can store and maintain vast
amount of data using a proficient DBMS.
2. Data Sorting:
Sorting refers to arrangement of data in a proper
sequence. Collection of data is useless, until it is
managed in an organized manner. If you do not
arrange the data in a proper manner; the retrieval of
data becomes very difficult. A DBMS sorts the data in
a particular order, which makes it easy to handle.
3.Data Summarizing:
Summarizing is a process, which is used to get the
synopsis of data on the basis of some criteria .
4. Data Classification :
Classification of data implies categorization of data
on the basis of certain conditions. For example, a
bank has millions of accounts, but all accounts are
not same. They fall under different categories, such
as Savings, Current, Salary and Student’s account. A
bank provides different services for each type of
account.
5. Data Retrieving :
By using an efficient DBMS, you can instantly retrieve
any data from the database. Let us continue with the
example of a bank. Whenever, your parents use their
debit cards at an ATM, it provides them the details of
their account within seconds. Despite having millions
of accounts, it retrieves the data at a lightning
speed.
COMPONENTS OF A
1.
DATABASE
TABLES: Tables are the building blocks of a database. They
store the complete data in a structured manner. Tables store
data in the form of rows and columns called records and fields,
respectively.
ELEMENTS OF A TABLE
FIELDS: All the columns in a table are called fields. A field
describes a particular attribute of all the records in a table.
RECORDS: The rows in a table are called records. A record
contains the values for all the that belong to a single person.
DATA: A set of characters that represents a valid value is known
as data . fields
Roll no. Name Marks in Marks in
English Maths
1. Emin 80 90
record
2. Adwait 80 90
s
3. Joel 80 90
data 4. Aditya 80 90
2. QUERIES:
As the name suggests, queries are use to ask questions
from the database. A database stores vast amount 0f
data, but queries help us to retrieve the filtered data
based upon some conditions. Queries are also used to
perform actions on the data, based upon some criteria.
3. FORMS:
Forms are the user –friendly interfaces that facilitate the
process of entering data in tables and queries. A form has
an attractive interface that accepts data from the user
and forwards it to the corresponding table or query.
4. REPORTS:
Reports are used to display selected data in a printable
format. Reports collect the summarized data from one or
more tables/queries and organize it in a printable format.
TYPES OF
1.FLAT FILE
DATABASE
DATABASE :
2. RELATIONAL
DATABASE:
A flat file database is A relational database is
basically a giant a
collection of data in collection of data items
which the tables and organized as a set of formally
records have no relation described tables from which
between any other data can be accessed or
tables. In fact, one could reassembled in many different
have a single table (e.g., ways without having to
My Small Business Data) reorganize the database
with everything stored tables. The relational database
in it, from customers to was invented by E.F.Codd at
sales to orders to IBM in 1970.
Features of Microsoft
access
1. Ideal for individual users and smaller teams.
2. Easier than client-server database to understand
and use.
3. Import and export to other Microsoft Office and
other applications.
4. Ready templates for regular users to create and
publish data.
5. Allows building and publishing
Web databases effortlessly.
6. A user friendly feature ‘Tell Me’ for assistance.
7. Allows developers to create custom solutions
using VBA code.
8. Hide/Show option for Ribbon.
9. Allows users to Report View Eliminates Extra
Reports.
10.Allows output Reports in PDF format.
BY,
EMIN JOY
“hope u enjoyed….”
