Product
Technology
& Standardization
Division
Defense Energy Support Center
Alternative Fuels Information Station
Alternative Fuel Logistics
Tutorial
Learning Objectives
You should learn….
DESC Fuel Introduction Process
(Fuel Logistics)
Acquisition Handling Quality
Processes & Assurance
Storage &
Processes Forecasting
Processes
New Fuel Justification Compatibility of existing Long term quality
Infrastructure
Fuel Specification Ordering Strategy
Tank Cleaning & Prep
Procurement Education Distribution
Storage Requirements
Quality Management
Quantity Measurements
Quality Measurement
DESC Fuel Introduction Process
(Fuel Logistics)
Acquisition Handling Quality
Processes & Assurance
Storage &
Processes Forecasting
Processes
New Fuel Justification Compatibility of existing Long term quality
Infrastructure
Fuel Specification Ordering Strategy
Tank Cleaning & Prep
Procurement Education Distribution
Storage Requirements
Quality Management
Quantity Measurements
Quality Measurement
Justification of New Fuels
Energy Policy Act (EPAct) 1992
EO 13149
DoD Strategy Established National Energy Policy Goals Towards
Energy Security with provisions on Energy Conservation,
Environmental Preservation, Petroleum Fuel Consumption,
and Alternative Fuel Usage
Established the Fleet Management Program
Established DoD policy for which put stipulations on gasoline fuel consumption
procuring Alternative Fuel Vehicles and introduction of alternative fuel vehicles
and Alternative Fuels
What are the new fuels?
Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Fuel Ethanol
Mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty Made from grain/feedstock products
Acids made from vegetable oils and
animal fats
B20- 80% Diesel Fuel+ 20% E85- 85% Fuel Ethanol+15% Gasoline
Biodiesel
Commerical Item Description A-A-59693 A Fuel Ethanol (Ed75-Ed85) ASTM-5798
How Do I Acquire Alternative Fuels from DESC?
DESC buys fuel and energy products for both
Military and Federal Civilian Agencies
Military groups submit
Requirements to
Service Energy Offices
Federal agencies
submit requirements
directly to DESC
What Should The Requirements Document Include?
At A Minimum:
Location
Current Point of Contact
Projected Annual Usage (Gallons)
Number & size of Tanks
Preferred Method of Delivery
Frequency of Deliveries
How Does DESC Purchase Alternative Fuels?
(e.g. B20, E85)
DESC consolidates requirements by
Geographic regions designated as
Customer Organized Groups (COGs)
Prepares solicitation packages and
Advertises to potential suppliers
Suppliers bid on the entire
region or specific line items
Ground Fuels Division
(DESC-PE/PL) Commerical Phone
(703) 767-XXXX
Tyler Parker, x9536 DSN
427-XXXX
Kathryn Riso
x9511 Vacant, x8461
Kathryn Riso Dave Peterson, x9510
x9511
Mark Jones, x9520
Kathryn Riso
x9511
Kathryn Riso x9511 Kathryn Riso, x9511
COGs- Customer Organized Groups & Corresponding Contracting
Solicitation Package Contents
Informs potential suppliers of the terms and conditions for bidding
including………………..
Fuel Specifications
Quality Assurance Provisions
Quantity Measurements
Delivery Requirements
Points of Contact
DESC Fuel Introduction Process
(Fuel Logistics)
Acquisition Handling Quality
Processes & Assurance
Storage &
Processes Forecasting
Processes
New Fuel Justification Compatibility of existing Long term quality
Infrastructure
Fuel Specification Ordering Strategy
Tank Cleaning & Prep
Procurement Education Distribution
Storage Requirements
Quality Management
Quantity Measurements
Quality Measurement
Biodiesel Properties
Per Specification Clause C16.27 B20 Biodiesel (DESC Oct 2003)
PRODUCT COMPOSITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
1. 20% +/- 1% mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from
virgin vegetable oil blend stock and/or yellow grease blend stock per
ASTM D 6751.
2. 80% minimum low sulfur diesel fuel oil conforming to ASTM D 975,
grade low sulfur number 1-D or grade low sulfur number 2-D.
SIGNIFICANT PRODUCT PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. Appearance per ASTM D 4176 – Clear & Bright
2. Cloud Point Per ASTM D 2500(test) and ASTM D 975 (characteristics)
Biodiesel Properties
Per Specification Clause C16.27 B20 Biodiesel (DESC Oct 2003)
PRODUCT LOW TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE
1. Lower temperature defined by 1 of the 2 properties:
Cloud Pt, Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP)
2. Cloud Point tested per ASTM D 2500 < or = 10th
percentile minimum ambient temperature in the
geographical area and seasonal timeframe in which the
B20 is to be used, when tested per ASTM D 975
3. Max CFPP of the B20 shall be a minimum of 10 degrees
Celsius below 10th percentile minimum ambient
temperature in the geographical area and seasonal
timeframe in which the B20 is to be used, when tested
per ASTM D 6371
Biodiesel Quality Assurance
Techniques NOT permitted by DoD Specification
Splash Tank
Truck
Manifold Blending
Blending In
Receipt
Tanks
Manifold
Receipt Tank Receipt Tank
NOTE: AFTER FIRST SHIPMENT OF BIODIESEL, FILTERS SHOULD
BE CHECKED AND MAY NEED TO BE CHANGED DUE TO THE
CLEANING CAPABILITIES OF THE BIODIESEL PRODUCT.
Biodiesel Fuel Management
Fuel Tank Cleaning Requirements
USE EXISTING DIESEL TANKS
(1) DETERMINE AMOUNT OF WATER IN THE TANK WITH
WATER FINDING PASTE.
(2) LOOK AT WATER FINDING PASTE FOR ANY CLUMPS OF
SLUDGE OR SEDIMENT AND FROM THIS, ESTIMATE LEVEL
OF SLUDGE OR SEDIMENT IN THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK.
(3) IF TANK DOES NOT CONTAIN MORE THAN 1/4 INCH OF
WATER AND LESS THAN 1/2 INCH OF TOTAL WATER,
SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT, THEN DRAW THE TANK DOWN AS
LOW AS POSSIBLE AND REFILL WITH BIODIESEL.
(4) IF WATER/SLUDGE/SEDIMENT LAYER IS GREATER THAN 1/2
INCH, ATTEMPT TO DRAIN AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. IF IT
CAN BE DRAINED TOTHE REQUIREMENTS IN 3 ABOVE, THEN
DO SO. THEN DRAW THE TANK DOWN AS LOW AS
POSSIBLE AND REFILL WITH BIODIESEL.
(5) IF DRAINING CANNOT BE ACCOMPLISHED, THEN THE TANK
SHOULD BE CLEANED BEFORE PUTTING BIODIESEL IN THE
TANK.
E85 Specifications
ASTM D5798-99 Standard Specification for Fuel Ethanol (Ed75Ed85)
For
Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Source: DOE: Handbook for Handling, Storing, and Dispensing E85
E85 Fuel Management
In many cases, existing, gasoline, diesel,
or other hydrocarbon fueling systems are suitable
to store and dispense E85
Use of Existing Fueling Systems Preparing Existing Fueling Systems
Many metal and fiberglass tanks which meet DO NOT use plated steel tanks!!!
EPA codes, Dec. 98 are compatible with E85
Tank cleaning is required to
remove gasoline particulates.
Fiberglass tanks manufactured before 1992
MAY NOT able to store E85
The cleaning technique chosen
will depend on the previous fuel
stored and the condition of the tank!
Contaminated fuel is the most common source of operational problems with E85!!!
Source: Handbook for Handling, Storing, and Dispensing E85
DESC Fuel Introduction Process
(Fuel Logistics)
Acquisition Handling Quality
Processes & Assurance
Storage &
Processes Forecasting
Processes
New Fuel Justification Compatibility of existing Long term quality
Infrastructure
Fuel Specification Ordering Strategy
Tank Cleaning & Prep
Procurement Education Distribution
Storage Requirements
Quality Management
Quantity Measurements
Quality Measurement
How does the government determine
the quantity of a fuel delivery?
Government Determination
DESC ground fuel customers receive fuels by 3 transportation modes:
Transport Truck with meter
Truck & Trailer with meter
Tank Wagon (equipped with meter by default)
Receiving government entity determines fuel quantity
1. Meter measurement
OR
2. Weight (using calibrated scales)
OR
3. Calibrated meter on receiving tank system
Note: Quantity measurement and delivery conditions are defined in F1.01-1 “Delivery Conditions for Transport Trucks,
Trucks and Trailers, and Tank Wagons” in DESC Ground Fuel Contracts.
How does the government determine
the quantity of a fuel delivery?
Contractor Determination
Contractor may determine fuel quantity by:
1. Calibrated meter on the delivery conveyance
OR
2. Gauging the delivery conveyance
OR
3. Certified receiving tank markers
OR
4. Load rack meter or calibrated scales
Note: Quantity measurement and delivery conditions are defined in F1.01-1 “Delivery Conditions for Transport Trucks,
Trucks and Trailers, and Tank Wagons” in DESC Ground Fuel Contracts.
Quality Assurance Requirements
Contractor Quality Activities
Alternative Fuels are supplied under Posts, Camps and Stations
(PC&S) FOB Destination Contracts
Quality Assurance criteria and responsibilities are defined in E Clauses
of the contract
Contractors are responsible for having a Quality System and product
Quality assurance including maintaining records, sampling and testing
of product
Quality Assurance Requirements
Government Quality Activities
Government Inspection and Acceptance are usually by receiving activities at destination
Receiving locations should report delivery and quality problems to contracting
officer and quality problems to DESC-BQ
Contractor may be required to submit samples to government laboratory
Government reserves right to perform quality inspections at all times
Alternative fuels are commercial products and there is no government
inspection at the vendor facilities
Handling & Storage Strategy
Gasoline/ Ethanol Fuel (E85)
Standard gasoline is refined or blended to be consumed
with minimum storage time.
Gasoline intended for extended storage requires
additives which improve storage quality
E85 is handled and stored in a manner
consistent with Gasoline; however,
Fuel operating equipment and materials
should be evaluated for compatibility.
Diesel/ Biodiesel (B20)
Standard diesel fuel is also refined to be consumed
With minimum storage time.
Standard diesel fuel is blended with additives to
improve cold temperature storage.
Biodiesel fuel storage requirements
are similar to those of standard diesel.
Additives are available which can
assist with storage and cold temperature
handling
Summary
You should now know and understand….
DESC Fuel Introduction Process
(Fuel Logistics)
Acquisition Handling Quality
Processes & Assurance
Storage &
Processes Forecasting
Processes
New Fuel Justification Compatibility of existing Long term quality
Infrastructure
Fuel Specification Ordering Strategy
Tank Cleaning & Prep
Procurement Education Distribution
Storage Requirements
Quality Management
Quantity Measurements
Quality Measurement
