Introduction To
Complétion
Completion : Definition
Definition
The word “ Completion “ it self means conclusion, and more particulary in the
case we are concerned with the conclusion of a borehole that has just been
drilled. Completion therefore the link between drilling the borehole as such and
the production phase.
Completions are the interface between the reservoir and surface production
Completion involves all of the operation designed to make the well
Produce/Inject, in particular connecting the borehole and the pay zone, treating
the pay zone, equipping the well, putting it on stream and assessing it.
By pay zone we mean a zone consisting of reservoir rocks which contain Oil &/or
Gas that can be recovered
The role of the completion designer is to take a well that has been drilled and
convert it into a safe and efficient production or injection conduit.
Completion : Definition
Completion enginner
Completion : Definition
Objectives of Completion:
• Provide optimum flow conditions.
• Protect casing.
• Down hole emergency isolation.
• Permit down hole chemical
injection.
• Permit down hole measurements.
• Isolate producing zones
Completion : Definition
The main factors influencing completion design:
There are many factors influencing completion, six types of
parameters are related to
• The Well’s purpose
• The Enviroment
• Drilling
• The Reservoir
• Production
• Completion technique
Completion : Definition
The well’s purpose:
The purpose drilling can vary depending on the well, with a distinction basically made
between
• An exploration well
• An appraisal or confirmation well
• A developpement well
Related to environment:
• Difficulties in obtaining supplies
• Constaint on operation due to well site location
• Meteorological /Oceanic conditions
• Safety rules
Completion : Definition
Drilling:
• Type of drilling used : caracteristic, rig equipements..
• Well profiles : horizontal, deviated wells…
• Drilling and Casing program: Diametre : Drifting
• Pay zone and drilling fluids
• Cementing the production casing: quality of cementation
Reservoir:
• Reservoir pressure: Pres =f (Q, t, …)
• Fluides interface : oil/water contact , coning, %oil …
• Nbres of producing level
• Rock caracteristics and fluid type: nature of rock, fluid viscosity, reservoir
damage, corrosive fluides, scale…
• Reservoir Caracteristics : size, permeability barriers, drive mecanism, well
drainage radius…
Completion : Definition
Production:
• Nature of flowing / Artificial lifting
• Operating Conditions
• Anticipating maintenance and work overs operation
• Safety: nbers and type of completion equipements…
Completion techniques:
• Generale configuration
• The pay zone to borehole connection
• Treatement of the formation if required
• Different pieces of well equipement installed
• Operating procedure used to carry out completion
• Possible artifiacial lift
• Procedure for work on the well …
Completion : Definition
Completion : Definition
Completion design criteria:
• Profitability: provides production optimization and maximize operating cost
over its life
• Fexibility: for handling the current and future problems
• Simplicity: to allow the most efficient installations aand maintenance
activities
Types of Completion
Types of completion :
Wells can be producers or injectors.
Completions can produce oil, gas and water.
Completions can inject hydrocarbon gas, water, steam and waste products such as
carbon dioxide, sulphur, hydrogen sulphide, etc.
More than one purpose can be combined either simultaneously (e.g. produce the tubing
and inject down the annulus)or sequentially (produce hydrocarbons and then convert to
water injection duty).
Completions are often divided into the reservoir completion (the connection
between the reservoir and the well) and the upper completion (conduit from reservoir
completion to surface facilities).
Types of Completion
Reservoir completion :
Major decisions in the reservoir completion are:
• Well trajectory and inclination
• Open hole versus cased hole
• Sand control requirement and type of sand control
• Stimulation (proppant or acid)/Fracturation
• Single or multi-zone (commingled or selective)
Types of Completion
Types of Completion
Upper completion methods :
Major decisions in the upper completion are :
• Artificial lift and type (gas lift, electrical pump, etc.)
• Tubing size
• Single or dual completion
• Tubing isolation or not (packer or equivalent)
Types of Completion
Types of Completion
In General:
Completion are in 3 class :
• Open Hole Completion
• Cased Perforated Completion
• Multiple Zone Completion
The use of any type of completion depends on the characteristics and location of the
hydrocarbon formation.
Types of Completion
Open Hole Completion :
Open hole completions are the most basic type and are used in
formations that are unlikely to cave in.
An open hole completion consists of simply running the casing
directly down into the formation, leaving the end of the piping
open without any other protective filter.
This designation refers to a range of completions where no casing
or liner is cemented in place across the production zone.
In competent formations, the zone might be left entirely bare, but
some sort of sand-control and/or flow-control means are usually
incorporated.
Popular to be used in case of Horizontal Drilling where cemented
installations are more expensive and technically more difficult.
Types of Completion
Open Hole Completion :
Types of Completion
Cased Hole perforated Completion :
It consists of production casing Or Liner casing being run
through the formation.
The sides of this casing are perforated, with tiny holes
along the sides facing the formation, which allows for the
flow of hydrocarbons into the well hole, but still provides
a suitable amount of support and protection for the well
hole.
The process of perforating the casing involves the use of
specialized equipment designed to make tiny holes
through the casing, cementing, and any other barrier
between the formation and the open well.
Types of Completion
Cased Hole perforated Completion :
Types of Completion
Multiple zones Completion :
It is the practice of completing a well so that hydrocarbons from two or more formations may be
produced simultaneously or separately.
Types of Completion
Multiple zones Completion :
