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Viral Hepatitis: Dr. Shami Pokhrel Lecturer Dept. of Pediatrics, LMC

This document discusses viral hepatitis, specifically hepatitis A. It provides information on the etiology, clinical features, investigations, complications, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis A. For prevention, it recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin or vaccination for travelers to endemic areas. It also recommends post-exposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin within 2 weeks of exposure for high-risk groups like children under 12 months.

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Shami Pokhrel
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55 views12 pages

Viral Hepatitis: Dr. Shami Pokhrel Lecturer Dept. of Pediatrics, LMC

This document discusses viral hepatitis, specifically hepatitis A. It provides information on the etiology, clinical features, investigations, complications, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis A. For prevention, it recommends pre-exposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin or vaccination for travelers to endemic areas. It also recommends post-exposure prophylaxis with immunoglobulin within 2 weeks of exposure for high-risk groups like children under 12 months.

Uploaded by

Shami Pokhrel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VIRAL HEPATITIS

Dr. SHAMI POKHREL


LECTURER
Dept. of Pediatrics, LMC
Hepatitis A
• Etiology
• Mode of infection
• Incubation period
• Infectivity period
• Pathogenesis
Clinical feature
• Inapparant
• Subclinical
• Anicteric
• Icteric
• Acute onset
• Prodormal phase
• Icterus last for 1 to 4 weeks
Investigations
• ALT
• AST
• GGTP
• Serum bilirubin, ALP
• Anti-HAV IgM
• PCR
Complications
• Fulminant hepatitis
• Cholestasis
• Relapsing hepatitis A
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Extrahepatic manifestations
Treatment
• Supportive
• Bed rest
• Diet rich in carbohydrates and proteins
• Fat restriction
PREVENTION
• Pre exposure prophylaxis

• Ig for susceptible travelers to HAV endemic countries

• It provides efficacy for up to 3 months

• HAV vaccine given any time before travel is preferred for


pre exposure prophylaxis in healthy persons, but Ig
ensures an appropriate prophylaxis in children younger
than 12 months old
PREVENTION
• If travel is planned in <2 weeks, older patients,
immunocompromised hosts, and those with
chronic liver disease or other medical
conditions should receive both Ig and the HAV
vaccine
PREVENTION
• Post exposure
• Not effective more than 2 wks after the
exposure
• Exclusively used for children <12 months old,
immunocompromised hosts, those with
chronic liver disease or in whom vaccine is
contraindicated
Prevention

• Passive immunization
• Within 2 wks of the exposure
• Efficacy last for 6 months
• Active immunization
• Formalin inactivated
• Live attetunated
• A mother of 6 months old visits OPD seeking
advice on what should she do regarding her
child recently exposed to HAV after they came
from vacation of 5 days from Nigeria. It their
second day back from the country. What is
your advice?

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