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Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21, resulting in abnormal cell division. It causes developmental changes and physical features like a flattened face, small head, and short neck. While features and severity can vary, treatments focus on individual needs through therapies to improve physical, language, behavioral, and life skills. Preventive measures include giving birth before age 35 and taking folic acid supplements.

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Zayn Malik
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266 views10 pages

Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21, resulting in abnormal cell division. It causes developmental changes and physical features like a flattened face, small head, and short neck. While features and severity can vary, treatments focus on individual needs through therapies to improve physical, language, behavioral, and life skills. Preventive measures include giving birth before age 35 and taking folic acid supplements.

Uploaded by

Zayn Malik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DOWN

SYNDROME
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell
division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. This
extra genetic material causes the developmental changes and physical
features of Down syndrome.
Each person with Down syndrome is an individual- intellectual and
developmental problem may be mild, moderate or severe. Some people are healthy
while others have significant health problems such as serious heart defects.

 Though not all people with Down syndrome have the same features , some of the common features include:
 Flattened face
 Small head
 Short neck
 Protruding tongue
 Poor muscle tone
 Unusually shaped or small ears
 Short height
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
TREATMENT
 There is no single, standard treatment for Down syndrome.
Treatments are based on each individual’s physical and
intellectual needs as well as his or her personal strengths
and limitations. People with Down syndrome can receive
proper care while living at home and in the community.
Treatment therapies
 Physical therapy includes activities and exercises that help build
motor skills, increase muscle strength, and improve posture and balance.
 Speech therapy-language therapy can improve their
communication skills and use language more effectively.
 Occupational therapy helps find ways to adjust everyday tasks and
conditions to match a person’s needs and abilities.
 Emotional and behavioral therapies work to find useful responses
to both desirable and undesirable behaviors.
PREVENTION
How can you prevent Down syndrome during
pregnancy?
 Women can reduce the risk of Down syndrome by giving birth before
age 35.
 Women can also reduce the risk of their babies developing Dow
syndrome by taking folic acid supplements before and during
pregnancy.
 Genetic counselor
“Better understanding of Down syndrome and early interventions can greatly
increase the quality of life for children and adults with this disorder and help them live
fulfilling lives.”

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