ISSUES OF URBANISATION
SRINIVAS
18261AA004
VAISHNAVI
18261AA006
DHAVAL PATEL
URBANISATION
• Urbanisation refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas.
• The corresponding decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas,
and the ways in which societies adapt to this change.
• A large part of this agenda relates directly or indirectly to human settlement and
quality of life,
• Therefore also the role of architects and urban planners in all the parts of the world,
particularly in contries with acute problems in terms of both scale and spread of
related problems as in the case of India, which is the second largest country of the
world in terms of population.
DELHI : THE MOST POPULATED CITY
INTRODUCTION
• Delhi known locally as Dilli, is
the largest metropolis by area
and the second-largest
metropolis by population in
India.
• It is the eight largest
metropolis in the world by
population with more than
12.25 million inhabitants in
territory.
• Area of delhi is 1483 sq.mts
LOCATION
Evolution of Delhi
• Delhi has been continuously inhabited since at least the 6th century, and it has been
the capital of many empires and kingdoms over its history.
• It has also been captured, destroyed and rebuilt numerous times.
• It was the site of Indraprastha, the mythical capital of the Pandavas, and it became a
major trade route between the Gangetic plain and northwest India during the time
of the Delhi sultans.
• In 1639, the walled city of Shahjahanabad was built in Delhi to serve as the capital
of the Mughal Empire until 1857.
• Today, Shahjahanabad is in Old Delhi.
• In 1911, the British decided to change the capital of India to Delhi from
Calcutta and New Delhi was built in 1912 south of the old city.
• Today, New Delhi is part of the larger city of Delhi, and New Delhi is the capital of
India.
TIMELINE OF DELHI
Issues of Urbanisation in Delhi -
With rapid growth of population, the capital city Delhi is developing more and more serious urban
complications. Some of the issues are as follows :
1. Temperature 2. Housing
• Acc. to the study carried out by IIT-Delhi, • Development of illegal slums which is mainly
Unbridled urbanisation in Delhi-NCR region in due to migrants migrating from rural to urban
the last five decades has led to rise in surface areas, which results with 50% of the
and air temperatures in the region. population living in slums.
• The research found an • The structure is
increase of 3-5 degree very crowded and
Celsius in land surface usually in rows
temperature and 2-3 with narrow
degree Celsius in air paths to let their
temperature. household
drainage pass
• The thermal heat capacity of the built-up area through.
is more than the non-built-up area. “More • If you build a slum on the outside of the city, it
the construction, lower is the moisture will end up in the city because of rapid
content and more is heat in the environment. population growth.
3. Transportation 4. Waste Disposal
• Adequate Public transport is another issue in • Waste disposal is another huge urban
Delhi due to Urbanisation, As the growth rate of problem in Delhi. It is also becoming difficult
Delhi is getting high, the use of transport is to find grounds due to Urbanization to
more important for travelling to work or other disposal the waste especially when it comes
needed places. to not harming the environment.
• The current population in Delhi is 18.2M people
and as of year 2001 it was 13.8M people so
transportation is needed for another 5 million • There are also no more useable landfills
people which creates more air pollution. available to take up the daily nine thousand
tons of solid waste. The people of Delhi are
• A study made by the Central Pollution Control seriously concerned about new landfills
Board determined that the use of transport developing in their communities and trying
contributes to more than 30% of the air quality to prevent this badly.
in Delhi
Issues of Urbanisation in Delhi -
With rapid growth of population, the capital city Delhi is developing more and more serious urban
complications. Some of the issues are as follows :
1. Temperature 2. Housing
• Acc. to the study carried out by IIT-Delhi, • Development of illegal slums which is mainly
Unbridled urbanisation in Delhi-NCR region in due to migrants migrating from rural to urban
the last five decades has led to rise in surface areas, which results with 50% of the
and air temperatures in the region. population living in slums.
• The research found an • The structure is
increase of 3-5 degree very crowded and
Celsius in land surface usually in rows
temperature and 2-3 with narrow
degree Celsius in air paths to let their
temperature. household
drainage pass
• The thermal heat capacity of the built-up area through.
is more than the non-built-up area. “More • If you build a slum on the outside of the city, it
the construction, lower is the moisture will end up in the city because of rapid
content and more is heat in the environment. population growth.
3. Transportation 4. Waste Disposal
• Adequate Public transport is another issue in • Waste disposal is another huge urban
Delhi due to Urbanisation, As the growth rate of problem in Delhi. It is also becoming difficult
Delhi is getting high, the use of transport is to find grounds due to Urbanization to
more important for travelling to work or other disposal the waste especially when it comes
needed places. to not harming the environment.
• The current population in Delhi is 18.2M people
and as of year 2001 it was 13.8M people so
transportation is needed for another 5 million • There are also no more useable landfills
people which creates more air pollution. available to take up the daily nine thousand
tons of solid waste. The people of Delhi are
• A study made by the Central Pollution Control seriously concerned about new landfills
Board determined that the use of transport developing in their communities and trying
contributes to more than 30% of the air quality to prevent this badly.
in Delhi
Place
As we know Delhi is the small
state, so many people came to
here for live hood and they
called as migrated people they
may didn't get a proper place to
live
Less income
Less income in the sense
competion will increase by the
increasing of peoples migration
so the labour will get less
income as per work or another
person ready to work with less
income
Water problem
Water is main resources for
every one but the quality and
quantity will get less in Delhi
by migrating many peoples
they have to weight for long
time to get sufficient water
Neat less
In Delhi there is more linkage
problem they are facing and by
linkage they didn't get proper
maintance correct neat ness by
by losing this neat ness so many
people had faced lots of hleath
issues
Causes and impacts of issues in delhi’s urbanisation -
● The effects of unbridled urbanization are inescapable in India’s capital city. Smog
blankets landmarks like India Gate in winter, delaying flights at the airport due to poor
visibility. Traffic jams are part of the daily routine and slums about New Delhi’s luxury
hotels and private mansions, testifying to a growing wealth divide and chronic housing
shortage.Most of the expansion in Delhi has occurred on the peripheries of New Delhi,
as rural areas have become more urban.
● And every day, the problem gets bigger. More than 27 million people live in and around
Delhi with about 700,000 more joining them each year, according to research firm
Demographia. The United Nations forecasts that by 2028 the population would outstrip
Tokyo’s to make Delhi the world’s biggest megacity.
● The geographic size of Delhi has almost doubled from 1991 to 2011, with the number of
urban households doubling while the number of rural houses declined by half.With a
flourishing service economy, Delhi is a draw for migrants because it has one of India’s
highest per capita incomes. According to the latest census data, most people (and their
families) move into the city for work.
● The Times of India reported that the nation’s capital grew by nearly 1,000 people each
day in 2016, of which 300 moved into the city. By 2028, N the temperatures of the
urban areas are often hotter than surrounding vegetated areas. Man Made structures
absorb the heat and then radiate that into the air at night, increasing the local
temperature (the urban heat island effect). Research has shown that densely built parts
of Delhi can be 7°C (45°F) to 9°C (48°F) warmer in the wintertime than undeveloped
regions.ew Delhi is expected to surpass Tokyo as the most populous city in the world.
● Unplanned urbanisation in Delhi between 1998 and 2018 has happened at the expense of many
natural and semi-natural elements and has resulted in a loss of around Rs. 560 million, a recent
study has found.
● The total value of the ecosystem services provided by all the various natural elements in the
capital city was around Rs. 2.29 billion in 1998 but it declined to Rs. 1.72 billion in 2018.
● Delhi’s forest cover has reduced by half from 1998 to 2018, according to the study, which
recommends the establishment of conservation zones within and adjacent to the city and an
increase in engagement with urban residents to develop a deeper understanding of ecosystem
services.
● Delhi-based environmentalist Mrinmoy Chattaraj said, "Solid waste management is a very big
issue, if Delhi master plan fails to address it then waste will end up on roads across the city.
The authorities concerned should resort to alternative and decentralised methods of waste
treatment, reduction, recycle and use, which include vermiculture, fossilisation and
composting. Pilot projects in this regard have been taken up by the MCD with the consultants."
● "For effective waste management, its segregation at the community and neighborhood level is
imperative. The waste shall be segregated and collected, in separate chambers at dalaos. For
this, involvement of rag pickers with RWAs, CBOs and NGOs is to be encouraged", said the
master plan 2021.
