Network Management

Architectures
Chapter 1

1
 Objective
• Three Decades of Network Evolution
• The Challenge of Distributed Network
Management
• The System Being Managed
• Elements of a Network Management
Architecture
• The OSI Network Management Architecture

2
 Objective (Cont.)
• The IEEE Network Management Architecture
• The Internet Network Management
Framework
• Supporting SNMP: Agents
• Desktop Management Task Force
• Web-based Network Management
• Supporting SNMP: Managers

3
Evolution in networking complexity and speed
(Courtesy Wandel & Goltermann)

4
Evolution in distributed systems

5
The scope of network management systems
(Courtesy EDS)

6
Network manager/agent relationships

7
Network manager/agent realization

8
The OSI Network Management Architecture
• The OSI Management Model
• OSI Specific Management Functional Areas
(SMFAs)
– Fault Management
– Accounting Management
– Configuration Management
– Performance Management
– Security Management

9
Network
management
within the OSI
framework

10
 A p p li c a t i o n L a y e r ( L a y e r 7 )

S M A P ( S y s t e m - M a n a g e m e n t A p p l ic a t io n P r o c e s s )

S M I ( S y s te m M a n a g e m e n t In te r f a c e )
Network
S M A E ( S y s t e m - M a n a g e m e n t A p p l i c a t io n E n t i t y )
management
S M A S E ( S y s t e m - M a n a g e m e n t A p p l i c a t io n S e r v ic e
E le m e n t ) within the OSI
S M F A ( S y s t e m - M a n a g e m e n t F u n c t io n A r e a )
A c c o u n t in g C o n f i g u r a t io n F a u lt framework
MIB (Management Information Base)

M anagem ent M anagem ent M anagem ent

P e rfo m a n c e S e c u r it y
LMI (Layer-Management Interface)

LME (Layer-Management Entity)

M anagem ent M anagem ent

S M F ( S y s t e m - M a n a g e m e n t - In f o r m a t io n
S e r v ic e E le m e n t )

C M IS E ( C o m m o n - M a n a g e m e n t - In f o r m a t io n
S e r v ic e E le m e n t )
A c t io n C ancel G et C re a te D e le t e

E v e n t R e p o rt G et Set

P e rfo m a n c e R O S E (R e m o te A S C E ( A s s o c ia t io n
M anagem ent O p e r a t io n C o n t r o l S e r v ic e
S e r v i c e E le m e n t ) E le m e n t )

11
P r e s e n t a t io n L a y e r ( L a y e r 6 )
Network
Management
protocol stack
operation

12
An abstract
organizational
model of the
management
environment
(©1988, IEEE)

13
Management
information
tree
(©1988, IEEE)

14
Architectural
model of OSI
management
(©1988, IEEE)

15
OSI network management functional areas

16
 The IEEE Network Management
Architecture

The IEEE LAN/MAN management standard

uses ISO’s CMIP, This architecture includes
three elements :
• the LAN/MAN Management Service (LMMS),
• the LAN/MAN Management Protocol Entity
(LMMPE),
• the Convergence Protocol Entity (CPE).

17
The IEEE Network Management Architecture

• The LMMS defines the management service

available to the LAN/MAN Management User
(LMMU). The LMMPE communicates
management information via protocol exchanges.
LMMS and LMMPE use the ISO CMIS and
CMIP standards and enable two LMMUs to
exchange management information. The CPE
allows LAN/MAN environments to provide
LMMS.
18
LAN/MAN
management
communication
architecture
(©1992, IEEE)

19
LAN/MAN management information exchanges:
operations
(©1992, IEEE)

20
 LAN/MAN management information exchanges:
operations

• Several cooperative processes make up the request

from a manager (an LMMU) to an agent (another
LMMU).
• The manager’s LMMS communicates a request (REQ)
(LMMP).
• The agent receives this request as an indication (IND).
• The agent performs operations on the managed objects
and then returns the results as a response (RSP).
• Finally, the LMMPE conveys the confirmation (CONF) to
the manager
21
LAN/MAN management information
exchanges: notifications
(©1992, IEEE)

22
 LAN/MAN management information
exchanges: notifications
• A managed object performs a similar series of
steps to notify the manager of events
• The managed object sends a notification to the
agent, generating a request (REQ) at the LMMS.
• The LMMPE communicates that request across
the LAN, yielding an indicate (IND) to the
manager.
• Finally, the manager issues a response (RSP),
which the agent receives as a Confirmation
(CONF).
23
Comparing CMIP and LMMP protocol stacks
(©1992, IEEE)

24
 The Internet Network Management
Framework

• SNMP, the Simple Network

Management Protocol
• CMIP over TCP/IP (CMOT)

25
SNMP architecture (©1990, IEEE)

26
CMOT architecture (©1990, IEEE)

27
 Supporting SNMP: Agents
five categories of devices agents:
• wiring hubs;
• network servers and their associated operating
systems;
• network interface cards and the associated
hosts;
• internetworking devices, such as bridges and
routers; and
• test equipment, such as network monitors and
analyzers. Other devices, such as uninterruptible
power supplies, have also become SNMP
compatible
28
 Desktop Management Task Force
• The Desktop Management Task Force (DMTF)
was founded in 1992 by Digital Equipment,
Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Novell,
SunSoft, and SynOptics Communications (now
Bay Networks). The purpose of the DMTF is to
develop a standard set of application
programming interfaces (APIs) that access and
manage desktop systems, components, and
related peripherals. At the present time, over 300
organizations are members of the DMTF.

29
Desktop Management Interface

30
 Web-based Network Management

• Web-based management architecture

• WBEM architecture
• Java Management API architecture
components

31
Web-based management architecture

32
WBEM architecture

33
Java
Management
API
architecture
components
(Copyright 1996, Sun
Microsystems, Inc.)

34
 Supporting SNMP: Managers

• Asante Technologies’ IntraSpection

• Cabletron Systems’ SPECTRUM
• Hewlett-Packard OpenView solution
framework
• Novell’s ManageWise solution framework
• Sun Microsystems’ Solstice Enterprise
management architecture
• Tivoli and IBM application integration
35
Asante Technologies’ IntraSpection architecture
(Courtesy of Asante Technologies, Inc.)

36
Cabletron Systems’ SPECTRUM architecture
(Courtesy of Cabletron Systems)

37
Hewlett-Packard OpenView solution framework
(Courtesy of Hewlett-Packard)

38
Novell’s ManageWise solution framework
(Courtesy of Novell, Inc.)

39
Sun Microsystems’ Solstice Enterprise
management architecture
(Courtesy of Sun Microsystems, Inc.)

40
Tivoli and IBM application integration
(Courtesy of Tivoli Systems)

41