Common
Emergencies
Dr Netravati K Hiremath,
Emergency and Critical Care
Physician,
K S Hospital, Koppal
Common Emergencies
• Animal Bites
• Anaphylaxis Or Allergy
• Chest Pain
• Syncope
• Seizures
• Choking
• Hypoglycemia
• Burns
• Wounds and Swelling.
What happens in an Emergency !
Animal bites
Do’s-
• First – Clean the wound with clean tap
water..
• Raise the limb above.
• Do not tie tourniquet.
Don’t”-
• Cut, squeeze or meddle.
• Do not tie anything to limb!!!
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis
Epinephrine- 0.5MG OR 1ML Respiratory arrest
-- IntraMuscular
.MusculaM
leading to cardiac
arrest
Heart Attack
Syncope
Syncope
• Inadequate SUPPLY of oxygen to Brain.
• Results in loss of consciousness.
• Lay down the patient flat and
• Breathing fast.
raise both legs.
• Dizziness.
• Loosen any tight clothes.
• Nausea.
• Loss of vision.
• No pulse – Start CPR
• Palpitation.
SEIZURE
• Turn the head to one side.
• Do not try to hold or restrain the victim.
• Move away from potential injury causing
agents.
• After fit stops put him into Recovery
position
CHOKING
Heimlich Maneuver
If Becomes Unconscious
during this--- CPR
What to look for!
HYPOGLYCEMIA
• Shakiness
Sugars • Dizziness
• Sweating
• Hunger
• Headache
• Pale skin color
• Sudden moodiness or behavior changes
• Seizure
• Difficulty paying attention, or confusion
• Tingling sensations around the mouth.
Sugars What to do?
• If conscious and talking-
• Sugars sachets into mouth.
• Sugar drinks
• See your doctor.
• If unconscious- Will need injections.
• Rush to hospital.
BURNS
• Remove the victim from the heat source.
• Check for any airway obstruction, breathing
and circulation.
• Administer CPR if necessary.
• Thermal, chemical or contact burns,
• The first step is to run cold water over the burn for a minimum of 30 minutes.
• If the burn is small enough, keep it completely under water.
• Flushing the burn takes priority over calling for help.
• Flush the burn FIRST
• Remove clothing that is not stuck to the burn by cutting
or tearing it.
• Remove rings, belts, shoes and tight clothing before swelling occurs.
• Cover the burn with a clean, cotton material. If you do not have clean,
cotton material then do not cover the burn with anything.
• Keep the victim covered with a blanket to maintain a normal body
temperature until medical help arrives .
Electric shock
• Turn off the source of electricity, if possible.
• If not, move the source away from you and the person,
using a dry, non-conducting object made of cardboard,
plastic or wood.
• Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of circulation,
such as breathing, coughing or movement
• Try to prevent the injured person from becoming
chilled.
•Apply a bandage.
•Cover any burned areas with a sterile gauze bandage, if
available, or a clean cloth. Don't use a blanket or towel,
because loose fibers can stick to the burns
Wounds and Swelling
Cuts-
• Wash the wound with tap water.
• Compress with a clean towel for 15-
20 minutes.
• Again no tourniquet please!
• See your doctor for Inj Tetanus.
Swelling-
• Ice pack.
• Do not move the injured limb.
• Raise the limb if possible.
• Splint it with any thing hard and
firm or make a sling around
Shoulder.
DON’T
• DO NOT wash a head wound that is deep or bleeding a
lot.
• DO NOT remove any object sticking out of a wound.
• DO NOT move the person unless absolutely necessary.
• DO NOT shake the person if they seem dazed.
• DO NOT remove a helmet if you suspect a serious head
injury.
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