CPU College
Department of Computer science
Course Title: Computer Graphics
Mr. Bekema.g
Course Title: Computer Graphics
Course Code: CoSc 3072
Credit Hrs.: 3 ECTS: 5 Lecture Hrs.: 2 Lab Hrs.: 3
Pre-requisite: CoSc 2013 Fundamentals of programming in C++
Course Category: Compulsory
Year III : Semester II
Course Description
This course will introduce students to all aspects of computer graphics including
hardware, software and applications.
Students will gain experience using a graphics application programming interface
(OpenGL) by completing several programming projects.
Course Objectives
By the end of this course, students will be able to:
Have a basic understanding of the core concepts of computer graphics.
Be capable of using OpenGL to create interactive computer graphics.
Understand a typical graphics pipeline.
Have made pictures with their computer.
Course Outline
Chapter 1: Introduction to Interactive Computer Graphics (4hr)
Chapter 2: Graphics Hardware (2hr)
Chapter 3: Introduction to The Rendering Process with OpenGL (3hr)
Chapter 4: Geometry and Line Generation (5hr)
Chapter 5: Geometrical Transformations (3hr)
Chapter 6: State Management and Drawing Geometric Objects (3hr)
… Cont’d
Chapter 7: Representing 3D Objects (2hr)
Chapter 8: Color and Images (2hr)
Chapter 9: Viewing A local Illumination Model (4hr)
Chapter 10: Application Modeling (4hr)
TEACHING - LEARNING METHODS
Assessment method
Quizzes 20%
Assignments 10%
Project 20%
Final Exam 50%
Total 100%
Teaching Materials
Text Books:
Richard S. Wright et.al. OpenGL® Super Bible: Comprehensive
Tutorial and Reference, Fifth Edition Addison-Wesley
Professional
Glen W Rowe, Computer Graphics with Java, PALGRAVE,
2001
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Introduction to Interactive Computer
Graphics
INTRODUCTION
The computer is an information processing machine.
It is a tool for storing, manipulating and correcting data. There are many ways to
communicate the processed information to the user.
The computer graphics is one of the most effective and common way to communicate the
processes information to the users.
It displays the information in the form of graphics objects. Such as pictures, diagrams,
and graphs instead of simple text.
That means with the help of computer graphics, we can express the data in pictorial form.
… CONT’D
In CG, pictures and graphics objects are presented as a collection of picture
elements called pixel.
The pixel is the smallest addressable screen element.
It is the smallest piece of the display screen which we can control.
The control is achieved by setting the intensity and color of the pixel,
which compose the screen.
WHAT IS COMPUTER GRAPHICS?
Computer Graphics is a process of generation of images of virtual scenes using
computer hardware.
It is a human oriented system that uses the capability of a computer to create,
transform and display pictorial and symbolic data.
Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines, charts, etc using
computers with the help of programming.
Computer graphics is made up of number of pixels. Pixel is the smallest
graphical picture or unit represented on the computer screen.
Types Of Computer Graphics
1) Interactive computer graphics:
• It is the computer graphics in which user can interact with the image on the computer
screen.
• Here exist two-way communication between the user and the image.
2) Non-interactive computer graphics:
It is the computer graphics in which user does not have any kind of control over the image.
Image is merely the product of static stored program and will work according to the
instructions given in the program linearly.
Application Of Computer Graphics
1. Computer graphics user interfaces GUIs - A graphic, mouse oriented paradigm
which allows the user to interact with a computer.
2. Business presentation graphics - "A picture is worth a thousand words".
3. Cartography - Drawing maps.
4. Weather Maps - Real-time mapping, symbolic representations.
5. Satellite Imaging - Geodesic images.
6. Photo Enhancement - Sharpening blurred photos.
7. Medical imaging - MRIs, scans, etc. - Non-invasive internal examination.
…CONT’D
8. Engineering drawings - mechanical, electrical, civil, etc. - Replacing the
blueprints of the past.
9. Typography - The use of character images in publishing - replacing the hard type of the past.
10. Architecture - Construction plans, exterior sketches - replacing the blueprints and hand
drawings of the past.
11. Art - Computers provide a new medium for artists.\Training - Flight simulators, computer
aided instruction, etc.
12. Entertainment - Movies and games.
13. Simulation and modeling - Replacing physical modeling and enactments
14. Image Enhancement - Sharpening blurred picture
2D VS. 3D
2‐Dimensional (2D) • 3‐Dimensional (3D)
Flat • Objects have distances from viewer
Objects no notion of distance from viewer
• (x,y,z) values on screen
Only (x,y) color values on screen
OpenGL Basics
OpenGL’s function is Rendering (or drawing)
Rendering? – Convert geometric/mathematical object descriptions into images
OpenGL can render:
2D and 3D
Geometric primitives (lines, dots, etc.)
Bitmap images (picture)
How Are Pictures Actually Stored And Displayed ?
