GENERAL
PHYSICS 1
Quarter 2
Thermodynamics
You are expected to:
a) Explain the connection
between the Zeroth Law of
Thermodynamics, temperature,
thermal equilibrium, and
temperature scales
ACTIVITY:
A: Temperature
Convert the following units of temperature.
Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
1. A nurse gets the temperature of a child
using a mercury thermometer. The
thermometer reads 40 degrees C. What is
this temperature in the Fahrenheit scale?
2. Hydrochloric acid has a boiling point of
-84°C. What is this temperature in (a)
Fahrenheit scale? (b) in Kelvin scale?
B : Heat
Directions: You may do this activity with an adult supervision. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Place a cup of tap water in the kettle and heat it until it boils.
2. Fill another kettle with tap water up to the brim and heat it
also until it boils.
3. Get a timer or a watch and record the time it takes for the
two samples to boil.
Questions:
1. Which takes a longer time to boil, a cup of water or a
kettleful of water?
2. In which set up is the energy transfer greater?
3. Which has greater mass, a cup of water or a kettleful of
water?
4. At constant temperature, how is the amount of energy
transferred to a
substance related to the mass?
C. Thermal Equilibrium
Directions: Analyze the situation and answer the questions
below.
Two glasses of water, one hot and the
other cold, were placed on the table.
As you hold a thermometer in the air,
you noticed that the reading is not
zero (it’s actually measuring room
temperature) When you place the
thermometer in the hot water (the
liquid mercury inside the thermometer
rises) and in the cold water (the liquid
sinks).
Questions:
1. When is the time that the liquid in the thermometer stops
rising or sinking?
I. When the temperature of the water and the thermometer are
now the same.
II. When the water inside the two glasses have the same
temperature.
III.When the water inside the glasses and the surroundings have
the same temperature.
A. II only B. III only C. I. II and III
2. When do you achieve thermal equilibrium in this activity?
A. I only B.II only C. III only D. I. II and III
D. The Zeroth Law
Remember insulators, (materials that do not
allow interaction between substances) and
conductors
(materials that allow heat or current to pass ).
Directions: Analyse the situation and answer the
questions below. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
Two objects have temperatures A and B and
are placed side-by- side. Both A and B are
conductors. What will happen to their
temperatures?
If temperatures A and B are the same, nothing
changes. If temperature A is higher than B, then A
will become cooler and B will become warmer. If
temperature A is lower than B, then A will become
warmer and B will become cooler.
If no change occurs to either A or B, then we
know that their temperatures are the same. In
this condition, if B is placed beside another object
with temperature C and no change happens to
both, then we know that B and C have the same
temperature. What would happen if we then place
C beside A? Note: This is similar to the transitive
property in mathematics. ( If A = B and B = C,
then A = C) This is called the Zeroth Law:
A.How do you define ZEROTH LAW?
E. Heat and Kinetic Energy
Directions:
Analyze the situation and explain. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
When you boil some water in the rice
cooker, the resulting steam will be strong
enough to lift the lid (the steam will
periodically “rattle” the lid).
Questions:
1.What do you think lifts the lid?
2.Why does the lid fall back downward?
Per group:
Discuss the results of the activities.
A. Temperature
B. Heat
C. Thermal Equilibrium
D. The Zeroth Law
E. Heat and Kinetic
Energy
How do you explain the
connection between the
Zeroth Law of
Thermodynamics,
temperature, thermal
equilibrium, and
temperature scales?
Zeroth
Law
If object A is in thermal
equilibrium with object B and
object B is in thermal equilibrium
with object C, then objects A and
C are in thermal equilibrium.
Thermal Equilibrium is achieved when:
a.the thermometer and its
surroundings now have the
same temperature
b.there is no further change
