MET124: MINERAL PROCESSING
CRUSHING
Table of contents
INTRODUCTION PRIMARY CRUSHER
01 The topic’s description 02 reduce large run-of-mine material, such as
rocks and ore lumps, into smaller sizes for
further processing
SECONDARY TERTIARY CRUSHER
03 CRUSHER
includes all operations for reclaiming the
primary crusher product from ore storage
to the disposal of the final crusher
04 Employed if the material is tough and
slippery
product
CRUSHING
• First mechanical stage in the process of comminution in which the
main objective is the liberation of the valuable minerals from the
gangue.
• Accompanied by compression of the oreagainst rigid surface or
impact against surfaces in a rigidly constrained motion path
TYPE OF CRUSHING
OPEN CIRCUIT CLOSED CIRCUIT
the undersize from the screen is the finished
Undersize material from the screen is product
combined with the crusher product and is
then routed to the next operation
Stages of CRUSHing
PRIMARY SECONDA
TERTIAR
ore or run-of-mine ore (up to
1 m in size) is crushed down RY Y
ore is crushed from 1
– 2 cm to less than 0.5 cm.
to about 10 cm. ore is crushed from 10 cm to
less than 1 – 2 cm size.
PRIMARY
CRUSHER
02 heavy-duty machines, used to reduce the run-of-mine ore
down to a size suitable for transport and for feeding the
secondary crushers or AG/SAG mills.
PRIMARY CRUSHERS
JAW CRUSHER GYRATORY CRUSHER
crusher with two plates which open and
shut like an animal jaw reduce the size of aggregate to a maximum
of about one-tenth of its original size.
JAW CRUSHER
The distinctive feature of this class of crusher is the two plates which open and
shut like animal jaws (Grieco and Grieco, 1985).
Material fed into the jaws is alternately nipped and released to fall further into
the crushing chamber. Eventually it falls from the discharge aperture.
Classified by the method of pivoting the swing jaw.
PIVOT
PIVOT
PIVOT
BLAKE DODGE UNIVERSAL
JAW CRUSHER
GYRATORY CRUSHER
consists essentially of a long spindle, carrying a hard steel conical
grinding element, the head, seated in an eccentric sleeve. The spindle is
suspended from a "spider" and it sweeps out a conical path within the
fixed crushing chamber, or shell, due to the gyratory action of the
eccentric.
gyratory CRUSHER
SECONDARY
CRUSHER
03 Secondary crushers operate with dry feeds, and their purpose
is to reduce the ore to a size suitable for grinding
SECONDARY CRUSHERS
CONE ROLLER
RHODAX CRUSHER
CRUSHER
CRUSHER
a modified version of inertial cone crusher Uses rollers to crush
gyratory crusher. materials
CONE CRUSHER
a modified version of gyratory crusher. The essential difference is that the
shorter spindle of the cone crusher is not suspended, as in the gyratory, but is
supported in a curved, universal bearing below the gyratory head or cone.
TYPES OF CONE CRUSHER:
CONE CRUSHER
GYRADISC
CRUSHER
machine for making sand when you need to economically process the rock,
ore and non-metal material into a finished product, perfect for making sand.
uses laminated crushing to get the stone to crack
using the compression of multi layered stones impacting
and grinding, this makes the crushing very efficient.
GYRADISC CRUSHER OFFERS:
•Easy Maintenance
•Low Production Cost
•Uniform Production
•Compact
•High Efficiency
rhodax CRUSHER
The bowl sub-assembly consists of a frame supporting the bowl liner. The
cone sub-assembly consists of a structure supporting a vertical shaft and the
cone liner. The cone is suspended to the bowl by means of tie-rods and ball
joints and rotates freely inside the bowl. The motion of the bowl is given by 4
unbalanced masses arranged at each corner of the bowl frame
RHODAX CRUSHER ADVANTAGES:
• Control of the grinding force
• Highest reduction ratio up to 100:1
• No special civil works required for
installation
rhodax CRUSHER
RHODAX CRUSHER
ROLL CRUSHER
These are used in mills where handling of friable, sticky, frozen, and less
abrasive feeds, such as limestone, coal, chalk, gypsum, phosphate, and soft
iron ores is being carried out. Jaw and gyratory crushers have a tendency to
choke near the discharge when crushing these types of friable rocks.
Roll CRUSHER
TERTIARY CRUSHER
04 employs a combination of both open and closed circuit
crushing. The primary crusher is normally configured in an
open circuit arrangement; while the secondary and tertiary
crushers are commonly configured in closed circuit
arrangement.
TERTIARY CRUSHERS
IMPACT CRUSHER HAMMER MILLS
to shred or crush aggregate material into
A fast spinning rotor throws the material smaller pieces by the repeated blows of little
against a solid stationary impact wall. hammers.
IMPACT CRUSHER
In this class of crusher, comminution is by impact rather than compression, by
sharp blows applied at high speed to free-falling rock.
This stress-free condition is particularly valuable in stone used for brick-
making, building, and roadmaking, in which binding agents, such as bitumen,
are subsequently added to the surface
IMPACT CRUSHER
HAMMER MILLS
The hammer mill crushes by collisions between high-speed hammer and
material, and the hammer crusher features in its simple structure, high
reduction ration, high efficiency, etc.
When material enters the grinding chamber, it is repeatedly struck by hammers
that flail out as the shaft spins. A combination of these hammer blows, particle
on particle impact, and impact with the walls of the grinding chamber all work
together to break the material down. The material remains in the grinding
chamber until it is reduced to a size that will pass through the screen.
HAMMER MILLS
