Chapter Four

Planning for Health Education and Promotion,

Monitoring & Evaluation

December, 2023
Adama
 Outline
• Planning for Health Education and Promotion in Health Facilities

• Monitoring and Evaluation

• Indicators

• Registration

• Reporting tool
Enabling Objectives

By the end of this chapter participants will be able to:

• Explain planning, its steps

• Describe monitoring and evaluation
• Explain HE&C indicators
• Understanding reporting tool
 Overview To Planning

Activity 4.1. Self reflection

Describe the planning,

1. Its importance
2. Steps of planning

Time : 5 min
Planning for Health Education and Promotion
• Planning a health education program is very important in implementing
heath education and promotion activities in any health facility.

• It enables to prioritize needs and activities, as the community may

have lots of problems and difficulties to solve those problems at the same
time.

• Planning also enables to forecast resources and use them efficiently

and effectively avoiding duplication of activities.

• Also helps develop the best health education methods tailored to

specific group that helps to solve the health problems they have faced.
Steps in planning HFBHE program

• 7 (seven) basic planning steps for facility based health education:-

1. Collect information
2. Define problems
3. Set objective
4. Selecting appropriate method
5. Implement the methods/activities and develop an action plan
6. Monitor and Evaluate
7. Re-plan
 1. Collecting information
The importance of collecting information

• Knowing and understanding the current health problem of the

community is crucial to start planning health education activities in health
facilities.

• Good health education is based on facts and should be evidence based.

• Gathering information at the health center and hospital level is important to

identify the most important problem in the community as well as to know
target population who are affected.

• In addition, it helps to know and understand the reason why the target
population does the practice that lead to that specific problem.
Collecting information…

• Important information to be collected for FBHE includes:

 Number of people who live in the area and size of population

 Their sex and age group

 Average size of a household

 Number of pregnancies, children alive, and children died in the

last one year

 Available health care services traditional/modern

Information to be collected…

 Literacy status of the community

 Jobs and economic situation and its impact on health
 Existing clubs/organizations/society
 Religions practiced locally
 What the formal and informal channels and who the participants in
those channels are.
 The political structure in the community/power in the community
 Health beliefs and practices
 Ways of information collection

• There are three ways of collecting information and the three methods
often used together in order to capture the overall picture of the need
and problem of the community.
• Observation
• Survey or field level data collection and
• Facility records collection/ Secondary data /
I. Observation
• Observation is collecting information by watching and
listening.

• It is very important to know the timing and place of observation

and write down the observations on time.

• Observation can be made at every service delivery points and wards

at the health facilities and outside to the community to see the
actual practices.
 II. Conducting surveys
• Conducting surveys, which involves discussion and questioning.
conducting surveys using structured questioners is also possible by
interviewing and facilitating focus group discussions.

• It includes:-
• Client satisfaction survey
• Small group discussion at department level
• Exit interview
• Interviewing focal persons
• Interviewing leaders/managers
III. Extracting facility data/records

• Health facilities can collect information for the above-mentioned

purposes by reviewing records and documents from the data sources
available in the health facility.

• Integration of information gathering with performance review committee

meetings of health facilities is very important.

• The committee meetings would help to identify priority health problems

that needs health education, based on the information gathered from
data sources.
Extracting facility data…

Data sources were:-

• Registration book
• Annual report (HMIS, DHIS)
• Written program plans
• Focal persons checklist at health facilities
• Monthly clinical attendance/register
• Lower level administration/sub city data
• Result of satisfaction survey
• Monthly ten top disease to identify determinants of health
• Weekly DHIS 2 morbidity data and aggregate to sort out determinants
• Using top 10 morbidity and mortality data
 2. Defining and Prioritizing problems

• People may have several problems at same time, there is a need to define
and prioritize specific health problems to decide which problem comes first,
which is setting priorities.

• During defining and prioritizing specific health problems, the following

prioritization criteria can be used.
 Defining and Prioritizing . . .

• Community involvement
• It is also important to involve the community, during defining and prioritizing
specific health problems.
• The health educator at the facility level can use different opportunities to
involve the community including:
• Working with the catchment area health extension workers
• Using meetings/gatherings conducted at the health facilities (pregnant
women conference, EPI sessions, and weekly meetings with the health
care providers).
• Any other experience?
 3. Setting objectives and goals

• An objective is a statement that shows changes over a fixed period

of time.

• After deciding and setting priorities, an objective should be set for

the prioritized problems.

• Objectives must be SMART: specific, measurable, attainable,

relevant, and have time bound.
Setting objectives…

• Objectives should focus on the following issues:

• What you want to change?
• How much change you want?
• For whom or for what you want the change? and
• When? By what time or date?
Setting objectives…

• A given health facility may have many objectives at same time in a

specific health issue and can have health/program/ objectives and
educational objectives.

• Health/program/objectives are those that focus on improvement of

people’s health status.

• Educational objectives are those that focus on people’s behavior that

affect their health.
Setting objectives…

• Health objectives: -
 All children who do get measles will recover quickly and suffer no
disabilities and will not die by the end of 2016.

• Educational objectives: -
 By the end of 2016, all mothers in Wayu catchment whose children
get measles will bring them quickly to the health facility .
 4. Selecting appropriate methods

• Use of mix of methods and repetition improves understanding and people are
more likely to remember them.

• Health education could be designed for various groups of people: old, young,
women groups, children and so on.

• Select and adapt your methods (methods are listed in the past section) to fit
the type of people you meet is very important for successful implementation of
a health education program in health facilities.

• During method selecting, considering what, by whom, when and how part
is very important.
 Appropriate methods…

Before choosing health education methods, it is important to consider the

following basic issues:
• How fast do people change ?
• How many people are involved ?
• Is the method appropriate to the local culture?
• What resources are available ?
• What combined methods are needed ?
• What methods fit the characteristics (age, sex, religion etc) of the target
group?
5. Implement the methods and develop action plan

• Plan of action show what will be done, by whom and when.

• The Plan of Action should include:

• Goal and objectives

• What steps are to be taken?

• List of activities including methods

• Who will be responsible for each step?

• What materials, equipment, people, funds will be necessary for each step

• When each step is to be completed

5. Implement the methods and develop action plan…

• Setting a time table with timing of tasks and responsibilities

as well as to check whether the program are going according to
the schedule.

• In addition when assigning tasks it needs more than one

people, it is important to participate as many people as possible.
 6. Monitoring and Evaluation

Activity 6.1. Self reflection

Describe monitoring and evaluation,

1. Monitoring
2. Evaluation

Time : 5 min
 6. Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring:

• Referring the action plans developed during the planning process in

monitoring the progresses of the activities and check them weather they
are going as per the plan or not.

• This would help implementers to check progresses and measure

successes, correct problems or solve challenges faced during
implementing the activities.
 Monitoring and Evaluating….

• Evaluation can be done through measuring successes based on

the educational and health objectives formulated during the
planning process.

• It is possible to measure successes based on the educational

objectives comparing the current number of specific cases in the
facility with cases recorded before starting the program.
 Reporting Levels

• Community level
• Facility level
• Woreda level
• Zonal/town level
• Regional level
 Indicators
• Facility Based HE = 10
• SBC Materials = 3
• Media Engagement = 4
• Social Media activities = 7
• Toll free line(6955) = 3
• SBC Monitoring evaluation = 4
• Total = 31
 Indicators: SBC Community level activities
• Advocacy workshops conducted on different health issues
• Number of household visited
• Community conversation conducted
• Women conference
• Number of schools with functional health clubs
• Number of primary schools that started implementing comprehensive school
health packages
Indicators: Facility Based HE
• Number of clients received counseling services
• Number of HFs with standard health education registration book
• Number of HFs started implementing facility-based health education
• Number of clients received health education services at the health
facility
• Number of peoples received HE at out of HFs (Prison, youth center,
school, industries, other) sessions
• Number of HFs Celebrated health events or days
Indicators: Facility Based . . .
• Number of HFs which have trained health care providers on
facility-based health education
• Number of HFs who have trained service providers on
interpersonal communication for counseling
• Number of public, private, and local media professionals trained
on health reporting and messaging on priority health issues
• Number of SBC Capacity building training conducted
Indicators: SBC Materials
• Number of HFs that have national/regional health promotion
strategy

• Number of HFs with electronic materials (speakers and TV)

• Number of SBC materials produced/received and distributed

Type (Banner, poster, brochure, sticker, other)
 Indicators: Media Engagement
• Number of private, public, and local media outlets allocated free airtime
for health promotion

• Number of TV spot messages prepared and disseminated

• Number of Radio spot messages prepared and disseminated

• Mass Media monitoring
 # of media monitoring conducted
 # of Positive comment
 # of Negative comment
Indicators: Social Media activities
• Health messages posted on social media
• Facebook
• Telegram
• YouTube
• Website
• Social Media monitoring
• # of media monitoring conducted
• # of Positive comment
• # of Negative comment
Indicators: Toll free line(6955)

• Number of counseling service provided through toll free line

• Number of rumors received

• Number grievance/comments received

Indicators: SBC Monitoring, evaluation and
Learning(MEAL)

• Number of best practice identified and shared

• Number of behavior change assessment

• Supportive supervision conducted on SBC with written feedback

• Performance review meeting conducted on SBC

Monitoring and evaluation tools

• Revised SBC Registration logbook_OHB_2016.xlsx

• HE and communication Report Format_OHB_201

6.xlsx
Revised
Any Question ?