BLACK HOLE
PRESENTED BY:
• Ronit Bose
• Aman Kumar Gupta
• Soham Chattopadhay
• Debapriya Paul
• Sristi Ghosh
• Kumar Abhishek
• Daipayan Kundu
• Diksha Kumari This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
CONTENT
• Introduction
• How Do Black Holes Form?
• History Of Black Holes.
• Parts Of Black Hole.
• Types Of Black Hole.
• Detection Of Black Hole.
• Mystery of Black Hole.
• Do Black Holes Exist?
• Falling Into A Black Hole.
• Facts On Black Holes.
• Recent Discoveries.
• Conclusion.
INTRODUCTION
Don’t let the name fool you: a Black Hole is anything
but empty space. Rather, it is a great amount of matter
packed into a very small area.
The result is a gravitational field so strong that nothing,
not even light or any other electromagnetic wave, can
escape.
How Do Black Holes Form?
Death of a massive star.
Consumption of all of nuclear fuel.
Collapsing of the star under it’s own
gravity.
Formation of Singularity surrounded
by an event horizon.
History Of Black Holes
Inthe 18th century John Michell and Pierre Simon
Laplace first mentioned about the objects with a
huge gravitation, from which even light cannot
escape.
In1915 Albert Einstein developed the theory of
general relativity.
Karl Schwarzschild found black holes as a solution to
Einstein’s equations (1916).
In1964, John Wheeler coined the term “Black
Hole”.
Parts Of Black Hole
Singularity
Event horizon
Accretion Disk
The Schwarzschild Radius
Types Of Black Hole
According to its charge and rotation
According to mass
According to its charge and
rotation
The shwarzschild black hole: no charge, no rotation,
simplest type of black hole.
The Reissner-Nordstrom black hole: does not
rotate,has electrical charge.
The Kerr-Newman black hole: has both charge and
rotation.
The Kerr black hole: rotates but does not have charge
inside.
According to its mass
Miniature Black Hole
Also known as primordial black
holes
Created more than 10 billion
years ago
Created during Bing Bang
Formed from high-density
regions
Less than one solar mass
Stellar Black Hole
Formed from the gravitational collapse
of massive stars at the end of their life
cycles.
Ithas mass about 3-50 times the mass of
sun.
According to Nasa, the Milky way might
contain 100 million to a billion stellar
black holes .
Example – Cygnus X-1 , Cygnus X-3.
Intermediate Black Hole
Theseblack hole exist between stellar
mass and supermassive black holes.
100-10,000 solar masses.
Numerous stellar mass black holes
undergo a sequence of merges with one
another to create intermediate mass
black holes.
Example- HLX-1, M82 X-1.
Supermassive Black Hole
Above 10,000 solar masses.
Found at the centres of most
galaxies , including our milky way.
Example : TON 618
Detection Of Black Hole
Gravitational Effect
X-ray Emissions
Gravitational Waves
Stellar Motion Analysis
Mystery Of Black Holes
Hawking Radiation
Information Paradox
Do Black Holes Exist?
No one has ever seen a black
hole.Indeed,we cannot be sure they
exist.But the bright radiation from
quasars and from the centre of our
galaxy may be signs that black holes do
exist
Image of quasars
Falling Into A Black Hole
The pulling force would increase as one move towards the
centre, creating “tidal force” on ones body.
One need to travel at a speed faster than the speed of
light to escape its pull.
The gravitational pull would bend the light weirdly and
distort ones last moment of vision
Facts On Black Hole
Blackholes have gravity so strong that they can even
absorb light.
Black holes can even bend space and time due to their
strong gravity.
As matter is sucked into the hole,it is ripped apart and
jets of radiation are sent out.
Matter whirls around the black hole like water around
a plug hole.
Recent Discoveries
December 20,2022 : NASA gets unusual close
glimpse of black hole snacking on star
November 23,2022 : IXPE helps to solve black
hole jet mystery
November 10,2022 : Magnetic Field help black
holes reach deeper into galaxies.
November 10, 2021 : black hole can tell us the
expansion rate of the universe
Conclusion
An unknown number of black holes exist in the
universe constantly altering entire galaxies and
defying the concept of space and time. Science is
making new discoveries on black hole every day.
THANK YOU!!
