PROJECT PROPOSAL
INVITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF DIOSPRYROS
MESPLILIFORMIS ETHANOL LEAVES EXTRACT.
BY
PEACE JAVAN
17U/321047
SUPERVISED BY
Dr. Toma Ibrahim
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, ADAMAWA STATE
UNIVERSITY, MUBI
MAY, 2024
INTRODUCTION
Since ancient times, people have taken advantage of the biological effects of plants as
traditional remedies for certain diseases. Approximately 80% of the world’s population uses
medicinal plants as traditional treatment, mainly in developing countries (Lee et al. 2019).
Antibacterial is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth (Merriam, 2019).
Antibacterial medicines can be grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily
against. For example, antibiotics are used against bacteria. They can also be classified
according to their function.
An antioxidant can be broadly defined as any substance that delays or inhibits oxidative
damage to a target molecule (Yamagishi and Matsui, 2011).
Statement of the Problem
Free radicals activities and the problem of antibiotics resistance in
biological systems has been a major challenge especially in
underdeveloped and developing countries of the world. A new
effective and eco-friendly substance which can inhibit oxidation and
microbial activities with little or no effect to the hosts is needed,
hence the project work.
Aim and Objectives
The aim of the Study is to determine the antioxidant and the antibacterial activities of
Diospryros mespliliformis ethanol leaves extract.
Specific objectives of the study are to:
i. Determine the phytochemical constituents of Diospryros mespliliformis ethanol leaves
extract.
ii. Determine the in-vitro antioxidant activities of Diospryros mespliliformis ethanol leaves
extract
iii. Determine the in-vitro antibacterial activities of Diospryros mespliliformis ethanol leaves
extract
Significance of the Study
The study will provide basis for the identification and recognition of plants
abandoned due to lack of knowledge of their biological and medicinal
importance, such as the case of Diospryros mespliliformis, in underdeveloped
and developing countries especially Nigeria, and also a means of finding
alternatives that are effective and eco-friendly.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
Equipment
Chemicals/Reagents
Sample Collection and Identification
Sample Preparation
Sample Extraction
Test Organism
MATERIALS AND METHODS CONT…..
Phytochemical Analysis
Phytochemical analysis will be carried out qualitatively to determine: Tannins, Quinones, Alkaloids,
Flavonoids, Phenolic compound, Carbohydrates, Glycosides and, Amino acids and Proteins using typical
standard methods with slight modifications according to Ugochukwu et al., (2013).
DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) Scavenging Activity
The DPPH Scavenging activity of extracts will be determined spectrophotometrically according to Clarke
et al. (2013), with some slight modification (Abdulkadir et al., 2015).
ABTS radical scavenging activity
ABTS scavenging capacity will be determined according to the method described by (Benslama et al.
2019).
Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP)
The FRAP assay will be carried out according to Benzie and Strain (1996) with slight modification
(Abdulkadir et al., 2016).
MATERIALS AND METHODS CONT…..
Antibacterial activity Assay
Four concentrations of the extract (0.05 mg/mL, 0.10 mg/mL, 0.20 mg/mL, and
0.40 mg/mL) will be prepared and assessed using disc diffusion method by
(Prasannabalaji et al., 2012).
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
The minimum inhibitory concentration will be determined according to the
method described by (Sarker et al., 2007)
Statistical Analysis
Studies will be performed in triplicates and data will be expressed as mean ±
SEM, analyzed via one-way ANOVA. Analystat version 1.6.50 will be used for
the analysis and statistical significance will be set at P < 0.05.
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