HEPATITIS : TYPES A
CAUSES,AND
TREATMENTS
PRESENTED
BY
MOHAMMAD SUFYAN
REG NO 202220422
CONTENTS
Introduction of Hepatitis.
Types of Hepatitis.
Cause of Hepatitis.
Symptoms of Hepatitis.
Diagnosis of Hepatitis.
Treatment Options.
Prevention Strategies.
Advances in Hepatitis Research.
Introduction of Hepatitis
Definition : The liver is a vital organ that that
processes nutrients, filters the blood , and
fights infections . When the liver is inflamed
or damaged , its function can be affected .
Heavy alcohol use, toxins, some medications,
and certain medical conditions can cause
hepatitis .
Types of Hepatitis
Hepatitis A (HAV)
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Hepatitis C (HCV)
Hepatitis D (HDV)
Hepatitis E (HEV)
Hepatitis A (HAV)
Transmission: Fecal-oral route.
Symptoms : Fatigue,nausea
abdominal pain.
Diagnosis: Serological tests.
Prevention: Vaccination,good
hygiene practices.
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Transmission: Blood, bodily fluids.
Symptoms : jaundice , chronic
infection risk.
Diagnosis : Blood tests , liver
biopsy.
Prevention : vaccination ,safe
practices (e.g.,safe sex ,needle
exchange programs)
Hepatitis C (HCV)
Transmission: Blood (e.g.,IV drug
use, transfusions)
Symptoms: chronic liver disease
Diagnosis: Blood tests (HCV RNA
antibody tests)
Prevention : No vaccine , harm
reduction strategies.
Cause of Hepatitis
Viralinfections (HAV, HBV,HCV,HDV
consumption.
Alcohol consumption.
Non-alcohol fatty liver disease.
Autoimmune hepatitis.
Drug-induced liver injury.
Symptoms of
Hepatitis
Acute symptoms:
Fever,fatigue,nausea,jaundice
Chronic symptoms: Liver
cirrhosis, liver failure,liver cancer
Diagnosis of Hepatitis
Blood tests (Liver function tests)
Imaging studies (Ultrasound,CT scan,MRI)
Liver biopsy
Treatment Options
Hepatitis A: Symptomatic treatment, self-
limiting.
Hepatitis B: Antiviral medications, monitoring
liver function.
Hepatitis C: Direct-acting antiviral.
Prevention Strategies
Vaccination (HAV, HBV)
Safe practices (e.g., safe sex, avoiding needle
sharing)
Hygiene and sanitation improvements
Public health campaigns and education
Advances in Hepatitis
Research
New antiviral drugs
Potential vaccines for HCV
Gene therapy research
Innovations in diagnostic techniques
Reference :-
https://www.who.int/health-topic
s/hepatitis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bo
oks/NBK304304/
