Barriers Communication

Points of Discussion

 Communication-what it is?
 Significance of communication
 Process of Communication
 Barrier?
 Barriers to communication
COMMUNICATION

Tuğçe AYDIN
 What is communication?
 Communication is a process through which two or more
people exchange information, ideas, thoughts, emotions in
such a way that each gain a common understanding of the
intended message.

 Communication is the process of sending and receiving

messages between two people.
Basic Model Of Communication
 Basic Model Of Communication

Source Encoded Channel Decoded Receiver

Feedback
 Significance of Communication

1. The Basis of Co-ordination

2. Fluent Working

3. The Basis of Decision Making

4. Increases Managerial Efficiency

5. Increases Cooperation and Organizational Peace

6. Boosts Morale of the Employees

 Barrier ?
 Lack of Commonness is barrier
 A barrier to interpersonal communications is anything
that prevents, restricts or impedes the conveyance of
meaning by words or gestures between two or more
persons in a social setting.
 The term ‘Barriers’, ‘Obstacles’, ‘ Hindrances’ and
‘noise’ are all used to describe the distracting stimuli
associated with the communication process
 Barriers of Communication

1. Social

2. Psychological

3. Cultural

4. Physiological,

5. Physical

6. Receiver
1)Social Barriers
1. Gender

2. Age

3. Race

4. National or Cultural Origin

5. Socioeconomic Class

6. Education Level

7. Urban or Rural Residence

 GENDER

 Major influence on the way we communicate with others.

 When men and women work together in a group, men

tend to be more assertive and self-confident.

 Women are more likely than men to express their

emotions, to reveal how they feel about a situation.

 AGE

 Young people and old people communicate in different ways.

 We do tend to judge a statement by different standards if we

know the speaker’s age.

 A person’s age or gender is not important in judging the

truth or wisdom of what that person says .
 Social Barriers Cont…..

 Purpose of Communication

 Informative, entertaining and persuasive

 Purpose not clear/missing/at odds

 Social Noise/Subjective factors

 Human relation/ personal preferences overshadow

the objectivity of the communication.
 Boys/Girls, Friends/enemies, Nice people
 2) Psychological Barriers
 Attitude towards self

 Fear

 Attitude towards audience

 Attitude towards the message

 You Yourself is not convinced with the subject

 Knowledge of subject

 Personality/Status of the communicator

PERCEPTION
 Our physical limitations are a screen through which we
perceive things that exist in our environment.

 Our perception is also limited by psychological screens

that we have developed.

 Choosing from among the many things within our range

of perception those that we will notice, and block out the
rest is called “Selective Perception”
Mother: Will you straighten up your room?
ussss: Why? What’s messy?
 Selective Perception
 Allows us not only to block out things that are
there, but also to see more things than are
there.

 Leads us to make our own reality!

 Most clearly seen in the human tendency to

stereotype others.
MOTIVATION
A Motive is a Reason For
Action!
The most strongest
motivations are those
that are most personal.
We are motivated by money,
fame, power, love, status, security,
skill, ambition...etc
it can be both positive
or negative.
TUNNEL VISION
Concentrating completely on achieving a particular
aim, and do not notice or consider anything else..
 The person with tunnel vision is
one who has firmly fixed ideas
 The opposite side is open-
mindedness
 Person with tunnel vision has
attitude seems to say; “I’ve already
made up my mind, Don’t confuse
me with the facts!!!”
 EGO DEFENSIVENESS
A response pattern in which a person who follows this
pattern sees a disagreement as a personal
attract .

A self-centred communication

More than just being selfish

NEGATIVE EMOTIONS

Almost always obstacles to good

communication!
Especially true barrier if the emotion is
uncontrolled, unfocused, or
misdirected.
Other Psychological Barriers

 People’s State of Mind

Happy, Sad

 Personal Problems/Worries

 Pre conceived notions of Communicator or Receiver

 Mental limitations of human beings, failure to refer

language to experience, the confusion of concept.
 3) Cultural Barriers

 Language

Different languages, dialect, individual linguistic ability,

use of difficult words, inappropriate words, pronunciation

 Norms and values

 Belief

 Social practices and traditions

4) Physiological Barriers

 Individuals’ personal discomfort

ill health, poor eye sight, hearing difficulties

 Speech and voice defect, feeling of inferiority, diseases,

physical appearance, lack of skill.
 5) System Design

 Organizational Structure

unclear, to whom to communicate,

 Insufficient or inappropriate information systems

 Information overloaded

 A lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities

 A lack of supervision or training

The distortion of message is any kind of loss, deformation,
miss presentation or alteration taken place in original
message while sending it to audience.

Types of Distortion :

1. Systematic Distortion – Purposely changed

2. Fog Distortion – information is lost

3. Mirage Distortion - extra, unwanted information.

Status And Power
Differceness
Differences in communications are likely
to parallel the differences in power.

Iimbalance or asymmetryin negotiating power

leads the high power party to perform

significantly better than the low power party.

6) Physical Barriers
 Channel

 Availability of channel to receiver (Common channel)

 Choice of channel

 Handling of channel by communicator

 Reach : depending on size of audience, mike, etc.

 Noise level in Channel

 Presentation of information/message treatment

 Climate

 Extreme temperature (Hot/Cold)

 Bright/ Dim Light

 High Humidity
Physical Barriers Cont…..

Distraction:It occurs where

people
are cconstantly coming
in and leaving for one
reason or another, and
experienced the
frustration that is
created by this
ddistracting traffic flow.
flow
Physical Barriers Cont…..
 Distractions
 Noise (Co-workers, Doors, etc.)
 Photographer
 Any announcements
 Instruction Sheet
 Tea
 Late Comers
 Physical Setting of Classroom/ Lecture Hall
 Sitting Arrangement
 Audio-Visual Aids
6) Receiver
 Absenteeism/Day Dreaming/ Pretending Listening
 Strayers: They constantly take the group off the track.
They drag the discussion out of context
 Gabbers: They are the people who like to talk first and
try to dominate in the discussion. They think that they
are the only ones with anything worth saying
 Silent: They are just as well informed as many other
members of the group but they rarely contribute
verbally

Listening without observing speaker’s tone, gesture, posture and

facial expression is like getting the words of a song without music
Relating to Receiver
 Problem of homogeneity: The more homogeneous
the audience is, the greater are the chances
for successful communication.

 Problem of cooperation and involvement: The listeners must

cooperate and get actively involved in
the communication process, they must try to get
tuned together with the communicator.

 Negative attitude of the audience towards the communicator: If

the audience has negative attitude
for the communicator or if the credibility of
communicator as perceived by the audience is low,
no successful communication will take place.
 Problems in Communication
Relating to Transmission of Message

 Wrong handling of the channels: If the channels selected for

communication are not handled effectively, their potential for
carrying a message will be dissipated.
 Wrong selection of channels: If the channel selected is not in
accordance with the objective/subject, interpretation will not be in
a desired way.
 Use of inadequate channels in parallel: For the message to have
got through and received properly, use of more than one channel
in parallel or at about the same time is essential.
 Physical distraction: Failure to avoid physical distraction often
obstructs successful sending of the message.
Points to Remember
 Communication is a two way process.
 Effective communication= Bridging the gap between
encoded and decoded message= Establishing Common
Understanding
 Responsibility of effective communication mainly lies with
the communicator
 Feedback is an important return message. Ensure getting
and using it effectively for better performance
 Know the roadblocks. This will help you to handle the
communication process in an effective way
 Use Heart and Mind and Soul for an effective result
 Communication is a skill, learn and practice
 To Sum up

To Become an Effective communicator

Make effective use of
Heart and Body, Mind and Soul