ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF PHNOM PENH FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Telecommunication and Electronics Engineering Department

Topic: Fundamental RF Communication

Lecturer: Dr. KIM PHIRUN

Presenter: BUNNGA SARITH

Content:

I. Introduction of RF Communication

II. Basic Components of RF Communication Systems

III. Key Concepts in RF Communication

IV. Techniques

V. RF Communication Standards

VI. RF Communication Challenges and Future Trends

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I. Introduction of RF Communication

 Definition: RF (Radio Frequency) communication refers to the transmission of signals through the use of
electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 3 kHz to 300 GHz.
 Importance: RF communication enables wireless transmission of data and information, making it crucial in various
domains such as telecommunications, broadcasting, satellite communication, and wireless networking.

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II. Basic Components of RF Communication Systems

 Transmitter: Generates and modulates the RF signal to carry the desired information.
 Receiver: Captures and demodulates the RF signal, extracting the original information.
 Antenna: Transmits and receives the RF signals, acting as the interface between the communication system
and the surrounding environment.

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 Communication system

Communication system is a system model describes a communication exchanges between two stations, transmitter
and receiver. Signals or information passes from source to distention through what is called channel, which represents a
way that signal use it to move from source toward destination.

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III. Key Concepts in RF Communication

 Frequency: Refers to the number of cycles of an RF wave occurring per second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
 Amplitude: Represents the strength or power of the RF signal, typically measured in decibels (dB).
 Modulation: The process of impressing information onto an RF carrier signal by modifying its amplitude,
frequency, or phase.
 Demodulation: The reverse process of extracting the original information from a modulated RF carrier signal.

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IV. Techniques

a. Analog Modulation:

 Amplitude Modulation (AM): Modulates the amplitude of the carrier wave to encode information.
 Frequency Modulation (FM): Modulates the frequency of the carrier wave to encode information.
 Phase Modulation (PM): Modulates the phase of the carrier wave to encode information.

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IV. Techniques

b. Digital Modulation:

 Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) is a digital modulation technique where the amplitude of the carrier signal is
modified to transmit digital data.
 Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) is a digital modulation technique where the frequency of the carrier signal is
altered to convey digital information.
 Phase Shift Keying (PSK) is a digital modulation technique where the phase of the carrier signal is
manipulated to encode digital data.
 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is a modulation scheme that combines both amplitude and phase
modulation to transmit digital data

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ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF PHNOM PENH FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

V. RF Communication Standards

i. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications):

1. GSM is a widely used digital cellular communication standard that was developed to enable voice and data

communication in mobile networks.

2. It operates in various frequency bands, including the 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands in Europe and the 850

MHz and 1900 MHz bands in North America.

3. GSM provides services like voice calls, text messaging (SMS), and basic data transmission (GPRS, EDGE)

over a circuit-switched network.

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V. RF Communication Standards

ii. CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access):

1. CDMA is a digital cellular communication standard that utilizes spread spectrum technology to allow multiple

users to share the same frequency band simultaneously.

2. It uses unique codes to differentiate between users, allowing for increased capacity and improved security.

3. CDMA is employed in several standards, including IS-95 (cdmaOne), CDMA2000, and WCDMA (Wideband

CDMA), which is used in 3G networks.

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V. RF Communication Standards

iii. Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity):

1. Wi-Fi is a wireless communication technology based on the IEEE 802.11 standard.

2. It enables wireless connectivity between devices and allows for data transmission over short distances.

3. Wi-Fi operates in different frequency bands, including 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and provides high-speed internet

access and local area network (LAN) connections.

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V. RF Communication Standards

iv. Bluetooth:

1. Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication standard designed for connecting devices over short

distances, typically up to 10 meters.

2. It operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band and uses low-power radio waves to enable communication between

devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and peripheral devices.

3. Bluetooth facilitates various applications, including wireless audio streaming, data transfer, and device control.

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V. RF Communication Standards

v. LTE (Long-Term Evolution):

1. LTE is a high-speed wireless communication standard developed for 4G networks, offering improved data

rates, lower latency, and better spectral efficiency.

2. It supports packet-switched data transmission and provides enhanced multimedia services, including video

streaming and online gaming.

3. LTE operates in various frequency bands, with the most common being the 700 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2600

MHz bands.

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V. RF Communication Standards

vi. 5G (Fifth Generation):

1. 5G is the latest generation of wireless communication technology, designed to provide significantly faster data

rates, reduced latency, increased capacity, and improved connectivity for a wide range of applications.

2. It operates in a variety of frequency bands, including sub-6 GHz and mm Wave (millimeter wave) bands.

3. 5G offers enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive

machine-type communication (m MTC), enabling applications like autonomous vehicles, IoT, and augmented

reality.

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VI. RF Communication Challenges and Future Trends

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