UNIT-5
1
Contents
• Multimedia Databases
• MM Database Architectures
• Types of Database
• Multimedia Interface Standards
Multimedia Databases
• A Multimedia database (MMDB) is a collection of
related multimedia data.
• The multimedia data include one or more primary media data types
such as text, images, videos etc.
• Like the traditional DBMS, MM-DBMS should address
requirements:
– Integration
-Data items do not need to be duplicated for different programs
– Data independence
-Separate the database and the management from the application
programs
Multimedia Databases
– Concurrency control
-allows concurrent transactions
– Privacy
-Access and authorization control
– Integrity control
-Ensures database consistency between transactions
– Recovery
-Failures of transactions should not affect the persistent
data storage
– Query support
-Allows easy querying of multimedia data
MM Database Architectures
Based on Principle of Autonomy:
• Each media type is organized in a media-specific manner
suitable for that media type
• Need to compute joins across different data structures
• Relatively fast query processing due to specialized structures
• The only choice for legacy data banks
Types of Database
• There are three kinds of DBMS that might be used for housing
multimedia data.
1. Relational DBMS store everything as First Normal Form tables
2. Object-oriented DBMS store everything as classes of objects
3. Object-relational DBMS are fundamentally relations but are not
First Normal Form
Multimedia Interface Standards
• Multimedia data and information must be stored in a disk file
using formats similar to image file formats.
• Multimedia formats, however, are much more complex than
most other file formats because of the wide variety of data
they must store.
• Standards of multimedia are as follows:-
1. JPEG:-
• JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the
original name of the committee that wrote the standard.
• JPEG is a loss compression technique for color images.
Although it can reduce files sizes to about 5% of their normal
size, some detail is lost in the compression.
Multimedia Interface Standards
2. MPEG:-
MPEG stands for Moving Pictures Expert Group, which is the
popular name of the ISO/IEC committee working on digital color
video and audio compression
-MPEG-1
The specific target of MPEG-1 is CD-ROM and DAT platforms
for multimedia applications with a bandwidth of 1.5 Mbit/sec.
Multimedia Interface Standards
-MPEG-2
It is designed to offer higher quality than MPEG-1, at a higher
bandwidth (between 4 and 10 Mbit/s). The scheme is very similar
to MPEG-1, and scalable.
-MPEG-3
It was targeted for HDTV, but was never developed, as it was
realized that one of the versions of MPEG-2 (the level High
1440) could be used for High Definition Television.
Multimedia Interface Standards
3. MHEG:-
MHEG stands for Multimedia and Hypermedia Information
Coding Experts Group.
MHEG is a license-free and public standard for interactive
TV middleware that is used both to send and receive
interactive TV signals
4. SGML:-
SGML stands for Standard Generalized Markup Language.
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