OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
and
SAFETY PROCEDURES
Quarter 1 – Week 7
Objectives:
1. Unlock different occupational health and safety procedures for literacy
and awareness
2. Enumerate the different hazards and risks that may occur in
workstations and places
3. Decode the meanings conveyed by different hazards and risk warning
symbols and importance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
4. Use numerous dynamic computer applications and interactive designs
in the observance of OHS Procedural Plan to avoid hazards and risks
Activity 1: Spot the Hazard
Directions: Look at the
picture and list all the safety
and health hazards you can
spot.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH
is a cross-disciplinary area
concerned with protecting the
safety, health and welfare of
people engaged in work or
employment
OSHC Workplace Regulations
1. The place and all equipment and furnishings are
maintained in thoroughly safe, clean and hygienic
condition and in good repair.
2. Keep the place free from rodents, cockroaches and
other vermin.
3. Provide adequate facilities for hand washing, cleaning
and disposing of waste.
OSHC Workplace Regulations
4. Establish proper procedures for infection control.
5. Keep the floor area and free from waste, water and
grease.
6. Keep cabinets dry, clean and close tightly.
The workplace should have safety guidelines
to follow to:
1. Protect people from injury
2. Protect equipment from damage
3. Protect the environment from contamination
Three Steps Used
to Manage Health
and Safety at Work
1. Spot the Hazard (Hazard Identification)
Key point: A hazard is anything that could
hurt you or someone else.
Examples of workplace hazards include:
frayed electrical cords (could result in electrical shock)
boxes stacked precariously (they could fall on someone)
noisy machinery (could result in damage to your hearing)
2. Assess the Risk (Risk Assessment)
Key point: Assessing the risk means working
out how likely it is that a hazard will harm
someone and how serious the harm could be.
For example:
• Ask your supervisor for instructions and training before using
equipment.
• Ask for help moving or lifting heavy objects.
• Tell your supervisor if you think a work practice could be dangerous.
3. Make the Changes (Risk Control)
Keypoint: It is your employer's responsibility to fix hazards.
Sometimes you may be able to fix simple hazards yourself, as
long as you don't put yourself or others at risk.
For example, you can pick up things from the floor and put
them away to eliminate a trip hazard.
Hazard - any source of potential damage, harm or
adverse health effects on something or someone.
The CSA Z1002 Standard "Occupational health and safety - Hazard
identification and elimination and risk assessment and control" uses
the following terms:
•Harm – physical injury or damage to health
• Hazard – a potential source of harm to a worker
Risk - the chance or probability that a person will
be harmed or experience an adverse health effect
if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to
situations with property or equipment loss, or
harmful effects on the environment.
What are Workplace Hazards?
Workplace hazards are sources of potential harm or damage to
someone or something in any work environment.
Hazards in the workplace should be eliminated as soon as they
are identified in order to prevent workplace injuries and deaths.
Types of Hazards
in the
Workplace
Physical Hazard
an agent, factor or circumstance
that can cause harm with contact
Examples:
Radiation
Prolonged exposure to sunlight
Temperature extremes – hot/cold
Constant loud noise
Biological Hazard
or biohazard, is a biological substance that
poses a threat to the health of living
organisms
Examples:
Blood and other body fluids
Fungi/mold
Bacteria and viruses
Plants
Insect bites
Animal and bird droppings
Chemical Hazard
is caused by exposure to chemicals in the
workplace
Examples:
Liquids like cleaning products, paints, acids,
solvents – ESPECIALLY if chemicals are in an
unlabeled container
Gases like acetylene, propane, carbon monoxide
and helium
Flammable materials like gasoline, solvents, and
explosive chemicals
Pesticides
Ergonomic Hazard
occur when the type of work, body positions,
and working conditions put strain on the
body
Examples:
Improperly adjusted workstations and chairs
Frequent lifting
Poor posture
Awkward movements, especially if they are
repetitive
Repeating the same movements over and over
Having to frequently use too much force
Psychosocial Hazard
or work stressor is any occupational hazard
related to the way work is designed,
organized and managed, as well as the
economic and social contexts of work
affects the psychological and physical well-
being of workers, including their ability to
participate in a work environment among
other people
Examples:
Occupational burnout
Anxiety disorders
Safety Hazard
the most common and will be present in
most workplaces at one time or another
includes unsafe conditions that can cause
injury, illness, and death.
Examples:
Spills on floors or tripping hazards such as
blocked aisles or cords running across the floor
Working from heights including ladders,
scaffolds, roofs, or any raised work area
Unguarded machinery and moving machinery
parts; guards removed or moving parts that a
worker can accidentally touch
Machinery-related hazards
What are the main ways to control a hazard?
Elimination – Physically remove the
hazard
Substitution – Replace the hazard
Engineering controls – Isolate people
from the
hazard
Administrative controls – Change the
way people work
Personal protective equipment–
Protect the worker with PPE
Safety signs and symbols
are pictures sometimes called safety
pictographs, pictograms, or pictorials
used in place of, or as a supplement to
written words
provide warnings or alerts about a
possible hazard
Classification of
Safety Signs
Prohibition Signs – CAN’T DO
Signs that indicate that an action
or activity is not permitted. The
sign is shown as a Red Circle with
a red slash over a black icon of
the action.
Mandatory Signs – MUST DO
Signs that indicate that an
instruction must be carried out.
The icons are in white reversed
out of a blue circle.
Warning Signs – HURT YOU
Signs which warn of a hazard or hazardous
condition that is not likely to be life-
threatening. These Safety Signs consist of a
black triangle and icon on a yellow
background with supporting black text if
required. The symbolic shape used on
warning signs is black triangle with yellow
interior and black symbol.
Danger Signs – KILL YOU
Signs which warn of a hazard
or hazardous condition that is
likely to be life-threatening.
The sign is shown as the word
Danger on a red oval over a
black rectangle.
Fire Safety Signs – FIRE EQUIP
Fire safety signs advise the
location of fire alarms and
firefighting equipment. Fire signs
contain a white symbol and/or
text on a red background.
Emergency Information Signs
– SAFETY FIRST
Indicate the location of, or
direction to, emergency related
facilities (exits, first aid, safety
equipment, etc.). These signs
feature a white symbol and/or
text on a green background.
What I Have Learned
1. The types of hazard in a workplace are:
2. What are the three ways to identify and control hazards in the workplace?
3. If you spot something hazardous, what should you do?
4. The type of safety signs in the workplace are:
5. Why are safety signs important?
The End
