ROOT CANAL SEALERS

Anand Mathew Johny

IV BDS
Contents 


Introduction
Idea Requirements
 Classifications
 Sealers
 Sealer Consistency
 Conclusion

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 INTRODUCTION
Definition: Root canal sealers are used in conjunction with
biologically acceptable semisolid or solid obturating

materials to establish an adequate seal of the root canal

system.

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 Grossman’s Ideal Requirements for a Sealer
 Provide an excellent seal when set  Be easily removed if necessary
 Produce adequate adhesion between  Be insoluble in tissue fluids
itself, the canal walls, and the filling  Be bactericidal or discourage bacterial
material growth
 Be radiopaque  Be nonirritating to periradicular tissues
 Be nonstaining  Be slow setting to ensure sufficient
 Be dimensionally stable working
 Be easily mixed and introduced into the
canals
CLASSIFICATION
COMMONLY USED SEALERS OTHER AVAILABLE SEALERS

 Zinc-oxide–eugenol-based sealers  Calcium hydroxide sealers

 Epoxy resin-based sealers  Silicone sealers

 Calcium silicate–based sealers (CSBS)  Glass ionomer–based sealers

 Other resin-based sealers

 Medicated sealers (not recommended)

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Zinc Oxide-Eugenol-Based Sealers
- Long History of having been successful in Endodontics
- Most of the sealers in common use contain zinc oxide resin as
a base ingredient of the powder. The liquid usually consists of
eugenol alone or in combination with other liquids such as
Canada balsam.
- Included in this group are the following:
• Grossman’s cement: Roth’s 801 sealer (Roth International)
• Rickert’s sealer: Pulp Canal Sealer (SybronEndo)
• Tubli-Seal (SybronEndo)
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 Grossman developed a nonstaining cement that meets most of the ideal
requirements for a root canal sealer. Its Composition is:

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 Grossman’s cement hardens in approximately 2 hours at 37°C and 100% relative
humidity.

 SETTING TIME:

 It begins to set in the root canal within 10–30 minutes because of the moisture
present in dentin.

 It is also influenced by the quality of the zinc oxide and the pH of the resin used,
the care and technique in mixing the cement to its proper consistency, the
amount of humidity in the atmosphere, and the temperature and dryness of the
mixing slab and spatula.

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Tissue tolerance of this sealer is satisfactory, with little inflammation and no
inhibition of repair.

MANIPULATION

 The sealer is mixed on a sterile glass slab with a sterile spatula.

 Depending on the number of canals to be filled, one uses 2 or 3 drops of the liquid.

 Slowly, small increments of cement powder are added to the liquid while
spatulating it to a smooth, creamy mix.

 The spatulation time depends on the number of drops of liquid used, a minute per
drop.
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 EPOXY RESIN–BASED SEALERS
 AH26 (Dentsply DeTrey) is an epoxy AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey): a modified
resin containing a nontoxic hardener. formulation of AH26
Radiopacity is imparted to it by bismuth • working time of almost 4 hours
oxide. • setting time of 8 hours.
• It has strong adhesive properties • Does not release formaldehyde and
and contracts slightly while is currently one of the most
hardening. However, it was found to commonly used endodontic root
release formaldehyde during canal sealer.
setting.
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 Its Composition is:
Paste A Paste B
• Epoxy resin • Adamantaneamine-N
• Calcium tungstate • Calcium tungstate
• Zirconium oxide • Zirconium oxide
• Silica • Silica–silicone oil
• Iron oxide

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ADVANTAGES

 Good sealing ability

 Biocompatibility to periapical tissues

 Moderate antimicrobial activity

 Dentinal adhesion

 Long working time and ease of manipulation

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Tissue tolerance of this sealer is satisfactory, with little inflammation and no
inhibition of repair.

MANIPULATION

 The sealer is mixed on a sterile glass slab with a sterile spatula.

 Depending on the number of canals to be filled, one uses 2 or 3 drops of the liquid.

 Slowly, small increments of cement powder are added to the liquid while
spatulating it to a smooth, creamy mix.

 The spatulation time depends on the number of drops of liquid used, a minute per
drop.
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 CALCIUM SILICATE BASED SEALERS
 Tricalcium silicate is one of the main components of MTA and is now the focus of
the newer generation of bioceramic sealers.
 BioRoot RCS (Septodont) Sealer (FKG)
 Composition: Zirconium oxide,  Powder: Tricalcium silicate,
dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, zirconium oxide, povidone
calcium phosphate monobasic,  Liquid: Aqueous solution of
calcium hydroxide, filler and calcium chloride and
thickening agents. TotalFill BC polycarboxylate

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CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
o Tricalcium silicate sealers set by reaction with water to form a matrix of calcium
silicate hydrates and calcium hydroxide (alkaline pH of 12), followed by the
precipitation of calcium phosphate.
o Sealing properties comparable to those of epoxy resin sealers.
o Bocompatible and have the potential to provide a bioactive
surface with stimulation of hard-tissue formation.
o They also exhibit antibacterial properties.
o Recommended to be used along with cold lateral
condensation or single-cone obturation techniques.

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 CALCIUM HYDROXIDE-BASED SEALERS
 Sealapex (SybronEndo)
A non-eugenol, calcium hydroxide Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer (CRCS). Set
polymeric resin root canal sealer available CRCS contains 14% by weight of calcium
in a base catalyst system. The base hydroxide. (ZnO type)
contains zinc oxide, calcium hydroxide, Apexit Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent) is a two-
butyl benzene, sulfonamide, and zinc paste sealer system with the base paste
stearate. The catalyst contains resin, containing calcium hydroxide and the
isobutyl salicylate, barium sulfate, titanium activator paste comprising disalicylate,
dioxide, and aerosol. bismuth hydroxide/bismuth carbonate, and
fillers.
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 SILICONE SEALERS
 RoekoSeal (Coltène/Whaledent, Germany) is a polyvinylsiloxane that has
been reported to expand slightly on setting.
 GuttaFlow (Coltène) has a cold flowable matrix that is triturated. It consists
of gutta-percha added to RoekoSeal. The material is provided in capsules
for trituration. The technique involves injection of the material into the
canal, followed by placement of a single master cone.

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 GLASS IONOMER - BASED SEALERS

 Glass ionomers have been advocated as root canal sealers for their dentin-
bonding ability.
 Ketac Endo (3M ESPE) is an example of a glass ionomer sealer.
 Activ GP (Brasseler) consists of a glass ionomer–impregnated gutta-percha
cone with a glass ionomer external coating and a glass ionomer sealer

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 OTHER SEALERS
 EndoREZ (Ultradent Products) is a methacrylate resin with hydrophilic properties.
When used with EndoREZ resin-coated gutta-percha cones, the dual-cure EndoREZ
sealer bonds to both the canal walls and the core material.
 Diaket, a polyvinyl resin (3M ESPE), consists of a powder composed of bismuth
phosphate and zinc oxide and a liquid consisting of dichlorophen, triethanolamine,
propionylacetophenone, and copolymers of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and vinyl
isobutyl ether.

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 OTHER SEALERS
 Epiphany (Pentron Clinical Technologies) and RealSeal (SybronEndo) have
been introduced for use with a new core material, Resilon (Pentron Clinical
Technologies). The manufacturers claim that these sealers can bond to
both the canal wall and the core Resilon core material to create a
“monoblock effect.

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 MEDICATED SEALERS
 Medicated sealers are no longer indicated in routing endodontic practice.
These include paraformaldehyde sealers such as Endomethasone, N2, and
Reibler’s paste

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 SEALER CONSISTENCY
 Root canal sealer should be mixed according to the manufacturer’s
instructions.
 The completed mix can be tested for proper consistency by raising the flat
blade of the spatula up from the mixed mass. The cement should “string
out” for at least 10 cm before breaking.
 Another test for consistency is that the suspended mix should cling to the
inverted spatula blade for 10–15 seconds before dropping from the spatula.
The cement is now coated into the dried root canal.

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 SEALER CONSISTENCY
 As moisture accelerates the set of many sealers, the pulp chamber and
canals should be thoroughly dried before inserting the cement.
 Small amount of cement is carried into the canal using a Lentulo spiral or
the master cone. This procedure prevents air bubbles from being trapped
in the cement. Coat the walls of the canal with a thin layer of cement by
means of a lateral or rotary motion. Avoid forcing any cement into the
periradicular tissues

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 Summary
Root canal sealers are curcial in endodontics,
filling gaps between the core material and
canal walls. They provide hermetic seal,
preventing microleakage. Their selection
impacts long-term treatment success

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 Thank
ANAND MATHEW JOHNY
IV BDS
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