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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Session 2024-25
Presentation on
“Renewable Energy Sources”
Presented by: Submitted to:
Suraj Prajapat Mrs. Seema Agarwal
5th sem., 3rd year Associate Professor
EE, RTU Kota RTU Kota
• Renewable energy resource
• Solar power
• Passive solar heating
• Active solar heating
• Solar power tower
• Solar thermal plant
• Solar cooker
• Hydro power
• Tidal power
• Biomass
• Geothermal
• Solution for sustainable energy
• Reference
Renewable Energy Resource –
An essentially inexhaustible energy resource on a human time scale.
Renewable resources for the production of energy are considered especially
important for their potential to replace non-renewable, or finite, resources.
Additionally, renewable resources can offer cleaner energy solutions than
those provided by non-renewable resources such as coal and fossil fuels.
Example:- Solar power, Hydro power, Tidal power, Biomass, Geothermal
energy
Solar power is energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or
electrical energy. Solar energy is the cleanest and most abundant
renewable energy source available, and the U.S. has some of the richest
solar resources in the world.
Fig. 1
Passive solar heating – captures sunlight directly with a structure
and converts it to low-temperature heat for space heating .
Advantages Disadvantages
1.Save money 1. Expensive for initial costs
2.Create 2-5 more jobs/unit 2. Aesthetically not pleasing
of electricity 3. Not a regular energy source
3. Eliminate/reduce fossil fuels
4. Less pollution
5. Less environmental damage
Fig. 2
Active solar heating – specially designed collectors absorb solar energy
and fan/pump distributes energy to parts of a building to meet
space/water heating needs.
Fig. 3
Solar Power Tower –Huge arrays of computer controlled mirrors
that track the sun and focus sunlight on a central heat collection
tower.
Advantages Disadvantages
1.Cost will drop as 1.Costs 8X more to build
technology improves
Fig. 4 Mojave desert in California
Solar Thermal Plant - Sunlight is collected and focused on oil-filled
pipes that run through the middle of curved solar collectors.
Advantages Disadvantages
1. Can generate temperatures high 1. Central receivers are
enough for industrial processes expensive to operate.
2. Can supply back-up electricity
3. Cheaper than nuclear
Fig.5
Solar Cooker – focuses and concentrates sunlight in a box
typically covered in glass to trap infrared radiation waves to cook
food in rural villages in developing countries.
Advantages Disadvantages
Does not reduce deforestation 2-4 hours to cook average
meal.
Fig. 6
Hydroelectric power plants- A dam is built across a large river to create a
reservoir. The higher the head, the greater the amount of power that can
be generated. Water is stored in a reservoir during low electricity
production. Water is released and flows are controlled as electricity
demands peak. Water spins the turbines in the “powerhouse”. Electricity
is distributed to end user.
Advantage Disadvantages
1. Moderate to high energy yield 1. create floods
2. low operating/maintenance costs 2. destroys habitats
3. low air pollution 3. uproots people
4. 2-10 times longer life than othe 4. pesticides/algicides used
5. Power sources 5. Decreases fish harvests
Fig.6 Hoover Dam
Fig. 7 Aswan High Dam (Egypt
Tidal Power- power created from tidal energy.
Advantage Disadvantages
1. Tidal energy spins turbines 1. Few suitable sites
which is easy to operate 2. Construction costs high
Fig. 8
Biomass – organic matter in plants produced through photosynthesis and can
be burned directly as a solid fuel or converted into a gas or liquid fuel.
1. Burning wood
2. Agricultural Waste:- Bagasse (sugar cane residue), Straw
3. Urban Waste (WTE):- Burning garbage
4. Biofuels
a. Biogas – a mixture of 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide.
b. Liquid ethanol- (grain alcohol) – sugar + grain; mix gasoline +
ethanol = gasohol which can burned in conventional gasoline engines
(super- unleaded)
c. Liquid methanol – wood alcohol
BAGASSE
WOOD
GARBAGE
SUGAR CANE
BIOGAS
Fig. 9 Different type of biomass
Advantages Disadvantages
1. potentially renewable resource 1. removal of trees
2. less air pollutants released 2. soil erosion (turbidity)
3. decrease in use of fossil fuels 3. flooding
4. moderate-high net energy yield 4. loss of wildlife habitat
5. large land areas needed
6. heavy pesticide/fertilizer use
Heat contained in underground rocks and fluid that can be tapped for
energy.
1.Extract dry steam, wet steam or hot water and can be used to heat space
or water.
2.“Potentially renewable resource”
3.22 countries currently use geothermal, it supplies 1% of world energy.
In the USA (44% geothermal energy produced worldwide) geothermal
electricity is produced mostly in Hawaii, California, Nevada, and Utah.
Geothermal energy is thermal energy extracted from the Earth's crust. It
combines energy from the formation of the planet and from radioactive
decay. Geothermal energy has been exploited as a source of heat and/or
electric power for millennia.
Advantages Disadvantages
1. Reliable 1. Scarcity of reservoirs
2. Renewable 2. Deforestation to build
pla
3. Moderate Net Energy Yield 3. Land subsidence
4. 96% less CO2 emitted 4. Noise, odor
5. Competitive Cost
Fig. 10
• Improve energy efficiency
• Increase local availability of renewable energy resources
• Find transitional resources (natural gas, nuclear)
• Government must promote R&D for alternative renewable energy
resources.
• Educate the public
• All energy resources should compete in an open, free-market with NO
government control!
• Government needs to implement constructive subsidies not destructive
subsidies to promote change, this will lead to conservation of resources
and less over-consumption.
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