MODERNISM V/S POSTMODERNISM
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Romanticsm/ Para-physics /
symbolism Dadaism
The primary concepts A movement in art and
explored during the literature based on
Romantic Period included deliberate irrationality and
nature ,myth ,emotion, negation of traditional
symbol ,and ideas about artistic values.
the self and individual. Dadaist's most profound
ie , P.b Shelley’s characteristics include
Ozymendias humor, emotional reaction,
Song of Myself by Walt irrationalism , absurdity
Whiteman. and spontaneity
Lyrical Ballads by Hugo Ball’s sound poems ie,
Worthsworth and Coleridge Karawane
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Purpose Play
In Modernism, text can have In Post-modernism ,plays
a range of purposes. For are intended to be events,
instance, many novels aim to as much as a part of
inform readers as well as life ,as any other event .
entertain them. The outcome of the play
Possible purposes for might may be change
different pieces of writing from performance to
was informative, instructive , performance.
persuasive and entertaining. ie, Ozono Production’s
ie, Pamphlets, newspapers, Fuerzabruta.
reports, biographies and
non-fiction novel.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Hierarchy Anarchy
Modernist believed The postmodern
that legitimate power aspect of post-
is embedded within a anarchism
hierarchy. In other involves rejection of
words, power is usual universal values and
seen as a formal grand theories in
authority where the favor of plurality
exercise of power is and hybridity.
directed downward in
an organization.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Synthesis Antisynthesis
The term “ The second of two
Synthesis’ means to opposing words ,
combine separate clause,or sentence
elements to form a that are being
whole. rhetorically
ie, Literature contrasted.
Review. Willium Blake’
poem “ The cloud
and the pebble”
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Totalization Deconstruction
The terms “totality” Deconstruction doesn't
and “Totalization”, as actually mean "demolition;"
instead it means
they are used in "breaking down" or
literary and cultural analyzing something
theory, refer to the (especially the words in
possibility and a fiction or nonfiction)
practice of complete, to discover its true
significance, which is
unified closure. supposedly almost never
exactly what the author
intended.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Semantics Rhetoric
Semantics is the study Rhetoric is language used
of reference ,meaning to motivate, inspire,
inform, or persuade
and truth. readers and/or listeners.
The expression “the But in a larger sense, we
morning star” have cannot dedicate, we
different meaning. cannot consecrate, we
cannot hallow this
ground.” —Abraham
Lincoln, Gettysburg
Address.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Paradigm Syntagm
A system of beliefs, ideas, In linguistics, a syntagma
values, and habits that is a is an
way of thinking about the elementary constituent seg
real world ment within a text.
At the time, this way of Such a segment can be a
thinking was the dominant phoneme, a word, a
paradigm for social grammatical phrase, a
scientists. A paradigm is an sentence, or an event
example, model or pattern, within a larger narrative
especially the most basic structure, depending on
or central one. the level of analysis.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Hypotaxis Parataxis
Hypotaxis refers to the It is also used to describe a
arrangement of a sentence technique in poetry in which
in which the main clause is two images or fragments,
built upon by phrases or usually starkly dissimilar
subordinate clauses. images or fragments, are
In William Blake's poem " juxtaposed without a clear
The Clod and the Pebble", the
connection.
ie , "Live and invent. I have
phrase "So sang a little Clod
of Clay,/ Trodden with the tried. I must have tried.
cattle's feet" is an example of Invent. It is not the word.
hypotaxis; Neither is it live. No matter. I
have tried.“ Beckett’s Maloni
dies
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Metaphor Metonymy
A metaphor is a figure Metonymy is a figure of speech
in which a concept is referred to
of speech that by the name of something
describes something closely associated with that
thing or concept.
by saying it’s In the scene of Anna Karenina's
something else. suicide Tolstoy's artistic
Robert Frost, in "The attention is focused on the
heroine's handbag; and in
Road Not Taken", to War and Peace the synecdoche
"hair on the upper lip" or "bare
compare a life to a shoulders" are used by the same
journey.[ writer to stand for the female
characters to whom these
features belong.[30]
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
GENRE TEXT
Genre ,a distinctive A text is any object
type or category of that can be read.
literary composition. The notable literary
For example , the devices of
epic, postmodern literature
tragedy,comedy,nove are paradox,
l and short story. unreliable narrators,
unrealistic narratives,
ie, Virginia Woolf’s
parody and dark
To the light house. humor.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Intrepretation IntrepretationAgainst
Interpretation is the In the postmodern
process of making understanding,
meaning from a text. interpretation is
Modernist approached everything; reality only
the idea of sentences as comes into being
owner of meaning and through our
truth interpretations of
Modernism is requiring what the world means
the reader to take an to us individually not
active role in from the meaning of
interpreting the text. text.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Signified Signifier
the meaning or idea A signifier is an
expressed by a sign, as
distinct from the physical additional piece of
form in which it is expressed. information that
signified is the thing or idea supports an
it represents.
affordance.
, the word “Closed” (in Example: The chair
reference to the open and has a balloon tied to
close signs displayed at a
shop).
it, implying that it is
Signified Concept: The shop reserved for some
is closed for business. special occasion.
Modernism V/S Post-Modernism
Depth Surface
How much we work the The term surface
character’s back-story or structure identifies the
premise( main characters, form of a sentence that's
supporting characters and seen or heard
subplots) “a mode of interpretation
T.S Eliot’s The waste land that assumes that a text's
Joseph Conrad’s Heart of truest meaning lies in what
Darkness it does not say, describes
textual surfaces as
superfluous,
Gravity’s Rainbow by
Thomas Pynchon.
