PSYCHOANALYT
IC THERAPY
Dr. Zainab Khan
- Psychoanalytic therapy aims to reorganize personality through addressing
emotional problems, understanding historical roots, and integrating past issues
with present relationships.
- Termination of psychoanalytic sessions occurs when the client and therapist agree
that emotional problems are clarified and accepted, historical roots are
understood, and awareness of past problems is integrated into present
relationships.
- Subjective evaluation of therapy outcomes is done primarily by the therapist and,
to some extent, by the client.
- Criteria for assessing outcomes include the client's degree of
emotional and cognitive insight and the extent to which they have
worked through the transference relationship.
- Developed by Sigmund Freud, psychoanalytic theory serves as the
foundation for modern psychiatry, psychology, and counseling.
- Psychoanalytic theory is considered a yardstick against which
subsequent therapies have been measured.
- Every student in the counseling field should be familiar with
psychoanalytic approaches and their evolution into contemporary,
brief psychodynamic models.
A PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPIST’S
PERSPECTIVE ON RUTH
Individuation in object relations theory refers to the process by which
an individual develops a distinct sense of self and identity, separate from
others. This concept emphasizes how early relationships with primary
caregivers shape an individual’s emotional development and interpersonal
interactions.
Mother-Infant Bonding:
During infancy, a child’s primary caregiver (usually the mother) plays a
crucial role in shaping their sense of self. The infant experiences a deep
emotional connection with the mother, relying on her for comfort,
nourishment, and safety.
As the child grows, they gradually differentiate themselves from the
mother. Individuation occurs as the child recognizes their separateness
and develops a unique identity apart from the maternal figure.
Dependency and Autonomy:
Object relations theory suggests that healthy development involves a balance
between dependency and autonomy. The child needs to feel secure in their
attachment to the caregiver while also exploring their independence.
Individuation occurs when the child learns to assert their autonomy, make choices,
and express preferences. This process allows them to develop a sense of agency
and self-reliance.
For instance, a toddler insisting on dressing themselves or choosing their
favorite toy demonstrates individuation.
Internalized Mental Representations:
Object relations theorists emphasize the importance of internalized mental
representations (often called “objects”) of significant others. These mental
images influence how individuals perceive themselves and relate to others.
Individuation involves refining these internalized representations.
For example, a person might internalize positive aspects of their
mother (e.g., nurturing, supportive) and negative aspects (e.g.,
critical, distant).
As they mature, they integrate these representations into a more complex self-
WHEN AND WHY ANALYTIC
THERAPY?
SUDDEN TERMINATIONS
SUICIDAL CLIENT AND WRITTEN
CONTRACTS
FREE ASSOCIATION
INTERPRETAIONS OF
RESISTANCE AND CONTENT
INTERPRETATIONS AND
READINESS
TRANSFERENCE AND
COUNTERTRANSFERENCE
PROJECTING REAL LIFE RELATIONSHIP IN
CLIENT-THERAPIST DYNAMICS
REGRESSION IS FOSTERED
COUNTERTRANSFERENCE
REFERRING OUT BECAUSE
OF COUNTER
TRANSFERENCE?
THE ROLES WE ADOPT IN THERAPY
AS THERAPISTS , WHAT DO THEY
SERVE US? WHAT DO THEY SERVE
OUR CLIENTS?
SOCIO CULTURAL
INFLUENCE AND
PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT- ERIKSON
THE ORIGINS AND TRANSFORMATIONS
OF THE SELF- PSYCHOLOGICAL WOUNDS
FATHER WOUND?
AUTONOMY- A MAJOR
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK IN
EARLY CHILDHOOD
AUTONOMY—IN
ADULTHOOD
AND IDENTITY CRISIS IN
ADOLESCENCE
FATHER’S APPROVAL-GUILT
EMPTY-NEST SYNDROME
AND HER SENSE OF
CONTROL
WHY BRIEF
PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY?
GOALS OF THERAPY
AUTONOMOUS SENSE OF
SELF IS THE WAY FORWARD!
BRINGING PAST TO
PRESENT THROUGH
INSIGHT BUILDING
THERAPEUTIC PROCESS
NEED TO REASSURE AND PATTERN BREAKING
EMOTIONAL WOUNDS AND
FRAGILE EGO
THINK
PSYCHOANALYTICALLY
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR
REFLECTION
