GROUP –7

PAPER HELICOPTER
Module Title: Engineering Management

Module Code: PSB201EMM/PSB5023MA

Assessment Type: Coursework 1

GROUP
MEMBERS

ARKAR PHONE MYAT Hezekia Javier PHYOE THIRI

LWIN THU Christian Tan KO
Contents

DMAIC METHODOLOGY

LEAN MANUFACTURING

HILL'S FRAMEWORK
 DMAIC - Define
• Voice of customer: Customers asks for a simple and
effective paper helicopter to illustrate flight and physics
principles, while also being uncomplicated and easy to
personalize.

• Task: Create an ideal paper helicopter based on available

resources that will take the longest time in the air and
balance well.

• Goal: Increase aloft/flight time

DMAIC - Measure

Final Product
 DMAIC - Analysis
• Root Cause Analysis
1. Variable rotor designs lead to differing degrees of lift and stability.
2. The weight distributions alter the center of gravity, thus the performance of the
helicopter.

• Hypothesis Design Improvements

1. Improving weight at the base improves stability.
2. Design changes that could enhance the downward force (gravity) and drive a
satisfactory amount of upward lift from rotor action using Newton 3rd's law
(When a paper helicopter is dropped, the weight from gravity starts to turn the
blades. The turning blades force air downwards. Newton's Third Law of Motion
states for every force there is an equal and opposite force, so the air pushes back
up).

• Narrowing Optimal Design

1. Use the ideal size and weight distribution by using paper clip for stability
 DMAIC - Improvement
• Rotor Adjustment
Increase height and decrease width of the rotor

• Weight Management
Use different paper clip (28mm) with around 500 - 700 grams
Rather than the 25 mm paper clip with around 300 – 500
Grams at the bottom lower the center of gravity, this would
provide greater controllability in descent.

• Design Modification
Increase the rotor height and decrease the paper airplane
width.
 DMAIC - Control
• Standardization
Create detailed design instructions for the best design, including dimensions and assembly
steps.

• Monitoring
Set up a system where flight times are reported and issues with flights are documented
along with data on how to improve the flight.

• Quality Control
Develop acceptance criteria for successful flight performance. Addition of an assembly
checklist to reduce variability in assemblies.

• Feedback Loop
Incorporate customer input into design revisions and instructional updates for continuous
improvement.
 Lean manufacturing - Value
Type Number Cost
A4 paper(210*297mm) 500 sheets $6.30

A4 paper(210*297mm) 1 $0.0126

Clip(25mm) 100pcs $0.40

Clip(25mm) 1 $0.004

• Total cost = 2 papers and 2 clips=$0.0332

Original mm^2 Redesign(mm^2)
A4 paper(area) 62370 62370

Area of per product 16650 15592

waste 12420 0
 Lean manufacturing- Production process
(Value stream Map)

Measur
OriginalMaterial e and Remove
Insert
(A4pape fold paper packing
cut into waste
r) clip
three

Measur Insert
Material
e and (28mm)
(A4pape Fold Packing
Redesign r)
cut into paper
four clip
Lean manufacturing-perfection

 Overall measurement check

 Folding angle check

 Paper clip position check

 Lean manufacturing-
production process of the new helicopters. (SIPOC )
Supplier Input Process Output Customer
A4 paper supplier A4 paper 1. Gather Completed paper Local craft store
materials helicopters
Local craft store Paper clips 2. Measure and Test flight data Online store
cut paper into
four parts
Office supply store Tools (scissors and 3. Fold the paper Packaged Toys store
ruler) parts according to helicopters
specifications
4. Assemble the
components using
paper clips
5. Conduct flight
tests to evaluate
performance
6. Package the
finished
helicopters
 Hill’s organization’s process model
Order Winner & Qualifier:

Corporative Objective:
Aim to
• increase aloft time
• mitigate paper waste

Operation Strategy:
• Zero Waste optimization
• Quality Control
Marketing Strategy: • Increase output level
4Ps utilization
 Part C - Hill’s Framework
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
Corporative Marketing Strategy: Order Winner and Delivery System and Infrastructure:
Objective: • Product – include new Qualifier: Operating Design • Adapted to maintain the
• Improve the aloft time in added features in Order Winner Choice: ease of mass production
the newer design redesigned version. • the delivery system • Meet the quality
• Enhanced aloft time by
• minimize the amount of • Price – lower selling 56% ensure to optimize requirement before
paper wastage as much price due to less paper packaging and shipping launching to the market
• Zero paper wastage
as possible to increase wastage and production process in order to • Precise dimension
cost • higher outputs(4
more outputs than the address consumer measurement
• Place – key locations via outputs per paper
original demand machinery equipment
multiple outlets, online sheet) may provide a
strong position in the • the operating design
marketplaces adopts Lean principles
competitive market for a
• Promotion – promote long-term success in by enhancing the
the added features in sales general production with
the new design via reduced wastage, thus
advertisement, business enhancing the volume
website, content Order Qualifier of sales at a lower cost
marketing • Cost Effective
• Quality and
performance
Conclusion
In short, this is the no-waste paper helicopter design,
outperforming the standard model by around 56% in
aloft time that effectively can keep demonstrating how
performance can be honed with sustainable design.
This project is making use of eco-friendly materials
and innovative construction techniques, thus keeping
environmental impact to a minimum while optimizing
flight duration. Such considerable gain in aloft time
creates a whole avenue for further research into the
fields of aerodynamics and material efficiency. It will
be a model for other projects in the future that try to
balance performance with sustainability, while
encouraging wider adoption of waste-reducing
strategies in engineering and design.
Reference List
• Bizmanula. (n.d.). What Does Order Winners Mean?
https://www.bizmanualz.com/library/what-does-order-winners-mean?srsltid=AfmBOooMUL
Wpa5p7jYzbNg_ugLAI8r9cR91G4RPrevWtMxt5JNULKRug

• Novak, J. (2024, June 18). The 4Ps of Marketing. Forbes Advisor.

https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/4-ps-marketing/