Cyber
Security
Presented By:
Presented To:
Prof. Mam Sidra
What is Cybersecurity?
•Definition: Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting
computers, servers, networks, and data from
cyberattacks, theft, and damage.
•Importance: It helps prevent unauthorized access, data
breaches, and the loss of sensitive information.
Key Concepts in Cybersecurity
• Confidentiality: Ensuring only authorized users have
access to data.
• Integrity: Ensuring data is accurate and reliable.
• Availability: Ensuring data and systems are
accessible when needed
Why is Cybersecurity
Important?
• Protects Sensitive Information: Personal, financial, and
business data.
• Prevents Financial Loss: Cyberattacks can cost businesses
millions.
• Ensures Privacy and Safety: Protects individuals from
identity theft and online fraud.
Types of Cyber Threats
• Malware: Malicious software (viruses, worms,
ransomware).
• Phishing: Deceptive emails to steal personal
information.
• Hacking: Unauthorized access to systems or networks.
• Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks: Overloading systems to
make them unavailable.
Types of Cybersecurity Attacks
(Continued)
• Ransomware: Malware that locks data and demands
payment to unlock.
• Spyware: Software that secretly monitors and collects
data from users.
• Man-in-the-Middle Attacks: Interception of
communication between two parties.
Common Cybersecurity
Vulnerabilities
• Weak Passwords: Easy-to-guess or reused passwords.
• Outdated Software: Unpatched systems with security
holes.
• Unprotected Networks: Lack of encryption and firewalls.
• Lack of Employee Training: Human error often leads to
breaches.
Cybersecurity Best Practices
• Use Strong, Unique Passwords.
• Regularly Update Software.
• Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA).
• Install Antivirus Software.
• Be Cautious of Suspicious Emails and Links
Cybersecurity Tools
• Firewalls: Protects networks by monitoring incoming and
outgoing traffic.
• Antivirus Software: Scans for and removes malware.
• Encryption: Converts data into a secure format to
protect it from unauthorized access.
• Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Secures internet
connections, especially on public networks.
The Role of Government in
Cybersecurity
• Laws and Regulations: Governments create laws to
protect data and punish cybercriminals.
• Cybersecurity Agencies: Organizations like the FBI and
CERT help protect national security and critical
infrastructure.
• International Collaboration: Countries work together to
fight global cybercrime.
Challenges in Cybersecurity
• Evolving Threats: Cybercriminals constantly adapt their
tactics.
• Lack of Awareness: Many people do not understand the
risks or take preventive steps.
• High Costs: Cybersecurity tools and experts can be
expensive for businesses.
• Data Overload: Managing vast amounts of data can be
overwhelming.
Future of Cybersecurity
• Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI will help detect and prevent
cyberattacks faster.
• Automation: More automated cybersecurity processes
will improve efficiency.
• Stronger Encryption: New encryption methods will make
data even safer.
• Cybersecurity for the Internet of Things (IoT): Securing
connected devices like smart home systems.
How Can You Protect Yourself
Online?
• Think Before You Click: Avoid clicking on unknown links.
• Use Secure Wi-Fi Networks: Avoid using public Wi-Fi for
sensitive transactions.
• Keep Your Software Updated: Install updates regularly.
• Use Strong Passwords: Use a combination of letters,
numbers, and symbols.
Conclusion
• Cybersecurity is essential to protect our personal and
professional data in an increasingly digital world.
• By practicing safe habits and using the right tools, we
can help prevent cyberattacks.
• Stay Informed and Stay Safe!
