POL 2104
Evolution of the
International
System
Lecturer: Ms. Coreen
Jacobs Chester
GROUP 3
MEMBERS
Ana Persaud USI-1047312
Chelsea Seymour USI -
1038702
Danalisa Wells USI -1047429
Keliece Hintzen USI- 1049403
Kheshena Manbodh USI-
1030695
WORLD
WAR
1
Impacts
the
on
International
System
Introduction
In this presentation, we will explore the
causes of World War 1 focusing on the
assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and the effect this had on the
International System. We will also
discuss the war’s profound impact on
various global systems including
political, social and economic
transformations.
WHAT CAUSED
THE WAR?
Archd
uke
Franz
Ferdin
and
On June 28, 1914, the Archduke Franz
Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated
by Gavrilo Princip. Ferdinand was
chosen as a target because he was to
be the heir of the Austro-Hungarian
Empire.
On the day of his assassination, the
Archduke traveled to Sarajevo to
inspect imperial armed forces in
Bosnia and Herzegovina, former
Ottoman territories acquired by
Austria-Hungary in 1908. While
Ferdinand was traveling in an open car
in Sarajevo, Princip fired into the car
and shot Ferdinand and his wife
Sophie.
Why was Archduke
Franz Ferdinand
assassinated?
Ferdinand, Franz Josef's heir and army inspector general,
agreed to attend military exercises in Bosnia-Herzegovina
in June 1914. Bosnia-Herzegovina was annexed by Austria-
Hungary against Serbia's wishes. Ferdinand opposed
annexation, fearing it would worsen the political situation.
The Young Bosnians, a secret revolutionary society, plotted
to assassinate Ferdinand. They received bombs, pistols
and cyanide suicide capsules from the Black Hand, a
terrorist group with close ties to the Serbian army.
How did World War 1 started?
• World War I, also known as the
Great War, started in 1914 after
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of
Austria was assassinated.
• The assassin was a supporter of
the Kingdom of Serbia and within a
month the Austrian army invaded
Serbia and lasted more than four
years, ending in 1918.
How did World War 1 started?
• During the four-year conflict,
Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Bulgaria and the Ottoman
Empire (the Central Powers)
fought against Great Britain,
France, Russia, Italy,
Romania, Canada, Japan and
the United States (the Allied
Powers).
•
How did the conflict spread?
Great Britain, Germany, Austria-Hungary and
Russia all ruled many countries (colonies)
across the world. They wanted to keep their
empires strong and saw other countries taking
over new territories as a threat.
• In Response to the assassination of the heir to
its crown, Austria-Hungary seeks support from
Germany to which they have agree and Austro-
Hungary declared war on Serbia.
• When Serbia aligns its forces with Russia,
Germany declares war on Russia
• Russia's army aligns its force with France and
Germany declares war on France.
• Great Britain declares war on Germany and
Austria-Hungary, Russia, Serbia, Germany and
France created the beginning of World War 1.
Map showing the
major nations
involved
World War 1
Pictures of the
scenes
on the battlefield
The impact of
World War 1 on
the International
System
Impact on the
• TheInternational System
First World War resulted in the loss of over 16 million lives,
including a generation of young men ages of 18 to 30. It led to
significant advancements in medicine, warfare, politics, and
social attitudes, despite the tragic loss of potential writers,
artists, and leaders.
• The First World War introduced new technologies, mass
production techniques and the first use of chemical weapons
in 1915 by the Germans. A century later, the international
community sought to prevent President Assad of Syria from
using chemical weapons against his people.
• It also led to the formation of mass armies through
conscription in Britain, without universal adult male suffrage.
Propaganda films, such as Charlie Chaplin's "Shoulder Arms,"
were developed to gain US support for the Allies and later
under the Nazi regime.
Impact on the
International System
• Modern surgery was born during the First World War when
civil and military hospitals acted as theatres of experimental
medical intervention. Millions of veterans survived the war
but were left maimed, mutilated and disfigured. These were
the so-called ‘broken faces’ whose plight was often eased by
the development of skin grafts.
• Blood banks were developed in 1914 to prevent blood
clotting. During WW1, doctors studied emotional stress,
identifying shell shock and traumatic shock. Post-traumatic
stress disorder was recognized after the Vietnam War, found
in Iraq and Afghanistan, and linked to gun killings.
Impact on the
•
International System
The war significantly impacted European class structures
with the upper classes suffering more losses than any
other class. Universal suffrage and trade unionism
accelerated their decline, while armies promoted officers
from humble backgrounds to challenge the culture of
deference to the upper classes.
• The Great War sparked Christian socialism and forced
women into male-dominated jobs, leading to demands for
women's emancipation. It also sparked a peace movement
with disarmament as its main aim, which flourished briefly
in the inter-war years and reborn during the Vietnam War.
The anti-war movement in Europe showed strength in
mass demonstrations against the US invasion of Iraq in
2003.
Impact on the
•
International System
The war significantly impacted the European socialist and
labour movement, with skilled workers initially enjoying
higher wages and better food in exchange for banning strike
action. As the war continued, living and working conditions
declined and the 1917 Russian revolution boosted the
socialist movement, ultimately becoming stronger.
• The Great War introduced a planned economy, requiring
state control over banks, foreign trade, food production, and
armaments. The Bolsheviks in Russia implemented
nationalization and a comprehensive planned economy,
gaining traction in other countries after hyperinflation and
the Great Crisis of 1929.
Impact on the
International System
It led to the downfall of four monarchies: Russia in 1917,
Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1918 and Turkey in
1922. It also contributed to the Bolshevik rise to power
in Russia in 1917 and the triumph of fascism in Italy in
1922. Additionally, it sparked colonial revolts in the
Middle East and Southeast Asia.
Impact on the
International System
Economically, the war severely disrupted the European
economies and allowed the United States to become the
world's leading creditor and industrial power. The war also
brought vast social consequences, including the mass
murder of Armenians in Turkey and an influenza epidemic
that killed over 25 million people worldwide.
HOW WORLD WAR 1 END?
In April 1917, the United States of America declared war on
Germany and the American troops entered action in the Triple
Entente just over a year later. Germany and its allies knew
they needed a big campaign to win the war before too many
US troops arrived. The American soldiers were not tired from
years of fighting, the French and British armies launched the
Hundred Days Campaign, pushing the Germans back. On
November 11, 1918, the guns fell silent because of the signing
of the Armistice. The armistice was a result of a series of
military defeats suffered by the Central Powers particularly
Germany in 1918. Following the armistice, the Treaty of
Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919, formally concluding
the war.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand was a pivotal event that sparked tensions
worldwide, leading to the collapse of major empires.
This conflict unleashed profound political, economic
and ideological transformations that defined the
twentieth century. Economically, the war undermined
many European nations while simultaneously
establishing the United States as the world's financial
leader.
REFERENCE
1. Historical context: The Global effect of World War I |
Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. (n.d.).
https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/teachi
ng-resource/historical-context-global-effect-world-war-i
2. Bahr, L. S. (1997). Collier’s encyclopedia : with
bibliography and index. P.F. Collier.
3. Baylis, J., Smith, S., & Owens, P. (2005). Globalization
of World Politics: an Introduction to International
Relations. (3rd edition). Oxford University Press.
THANK YOU
