UNIT 2

HEALTHY
EATING
Eating healthy, count and non-count nouns, simple past
and present progressive, cooking verbs, ingredients and
food.

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
GRAMMAR SIMPLE PAST.
 The simple past tense, sometimes called the
preterite, is used to talk about a completed
action in a time before now. The simple
past is the basic form of past tense in
English. The time of the action can be in the
recent past or the distant past and action
duration is not important.
 John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
 My father died last year.
 He lived in Fiji in 1976.
 We crossed the Channel yesterday.

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
SIMPLE PAST FORMATION

Affirmative
Subject + verb + ed
I skipped.
Negative
Subject + did not + infinitive without to
They didn't go.
Interrogative
Did + subject + infinitive without to
Did she arrive?
Interrogative negative
Did not + subject + infinitive without to
Didn't you play?

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING PICTURES
Remember to emphasize on :
What are they doing?
She need help by cook.
Who are they?
She cooked with her husband.
Where are they?
The family decided to help his mom
and her dad with the lunch.
Any other details you can mention?
First the mother is sad, then she is
happy for her husband because He
came to her aid and at the end She
is overjoyed because her children
are united.

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
 CONTEXT?
 Answer the following questions in groups.
 What does eating healthy mean to you?
 For me eating healthy mean eat of every type of food but moderate
portions.
 What ingredients do you usually use in your meals?
 We usually use stevia, salt, tomatoes, papaya and cereals.
 What is the most important meal of the day and why?
 Breakfast because, it is the first meal of day and gives you energy.
 Do you know cooking? Yes, no, and why?
 Yes, because my mother teach me, but I don’t prepare food at the
moment.
 Do you prefer organic or non-organic food?
 We prefer organic food; We think it is more delicious.
 How expensive or cheap is going to the market here in Bolivia?
 I think is cheap going to market in Bolivia ,especially at center of La Paz.
 Do you prefer drinking water or soda?
 I prefer drinking water.
 What do you prefer sweet or salty food? Why?
 I prefer sweet food, because it gives me energy and pep in the morning.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
WATCH THE VIDEO

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
POST-LISTENING ACTIVITIES.
 What is the video´s main idea?
 Eat food in a balance be way.
 According to the video what does nutrition mean?
 Eat a diet that is healthy for everyone.
 Which foods make a good diet?
 Avocado, cheese, egg, fish, milk.
 What does a healthy diet mean?
 It is a diet that provides us with the necessary calories.
 How many food groups we have, and what are they?
 Five categories, fruits, vegetables, protein ,cereals and fats.
 What about avoiding sugar?
 You should reduce the portions of high sugars such as
chocolate or powdered sugar.
 What does eating healthy help your body ?
 Your physical appearance will look better and you will feel
better about yourself.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
LISTENING 2
 Answer the questions:

 How many people are eating in that restaurant?

 Two people.

 What did they drink?

 Glass of white wine.

 Can you describe the special of the day?

 Mushroom soup and filer fish whit salty potatoes.

 What do they order? Explain it in detail.

 The woman order a special. The man order a salad and well done
bistec.
 How did they pay?

 They pay with credit card.

 Did they eat dessert?

 No, they didn’t.

 Was the waiter kind and polite with them?

 Yes, of course.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
READING. HTTPS://WWW.BEACHBODYONDEMAND.COM/BLOG/FEELING-SICK-EATING-
HEALTHIER
 After reading the article answer the questions.
 Why you sometimes feel sick when you eat healthier?
 Your body adjusts to the new diet, which can cause discomfort such as dehydration, lack of fiber, or missing
essential nutrients.
 Why shouldn't you give up your eating habits when going on a diet?
 These symptoms are usually temporary, and once your body adjusts, the long-term benefits of healthy eating
will become apparent.
 Why water is important? Why not to avoid drinking it?
 Water is essential for hydration, especially on low-carb diets. It prevents dizziness and fatigue, and helps your
body function properly.
 What does fiber help your body? What for?
 Fiber aids digestion, prevents constipation, and promotes gut health, which is crucial as your diet becomes
more nutrient-dense.
 Why can´t you eliminate any food category?
 Eliminating food groups can result in missing essential nutrients. It’s important to replace those with balanced
alternatives to maintain health.
 Can you find 6 words related to eating healthy and provide their definition in context?
 Hydration, fiber, macronutrients, keto, microbiome, calorie and restriction.
 Is sugar important in your diet? What for?
 Sugar provides quick energy for the brain and muscles, but it's better to minimize added sugars and get
energy from healthy carbs.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
READING 2

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
 POST-READING
 Answer the following questions.
 Why do you need to eat enough food?
 Eat healthy for a healthy life.
 How many portions of fruit and vegetables do you need each
day?
 You need to eat five portions of fruits and vegetables every day.
 Name three carbohydrates.
 Three carbohydrates are rice, bread, and pasta.
 Why do we need calcium?
 We need calcium for strong bones and teeth.
 Why is the food pyramid helpful?
 The food pyramid helps us know how much of each type of food
to eat for good health.
 Can you describe and name some ingredients to eat healthy?
 Healthy foods include fruits like apples, vegetables like carrots,
whole grains like brown rice, lean meats like chicken, and nuts for
healthy fats.
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
 SPEAKING_ EATING HEALTHY
 Read the following idioms:

 A lemon is something that you buy which turns out to have problems - it is defective /
it doesn't work well.
 'That second-hand car I bought was a real lemon. It broke down a week after I bought
it.'
 A piece of cake : When something is a piece of cake it is very easy to do.

 'I was worried about taking the test, but it was a piece of cake. I got 100%.'

 Bread and butter: Things which are bread and butter are the basic things you
need to survive e.g. food and shelter. It is also used to describe the job or activity that
provides you with the money you need to live.
 'Teaching is my bread and butter.'

 Bring home the bacon: Like the idiom above, this also means to earn money to live.

 'I'm looking for a job. I need to do something to bring home the bacon.'

 Cheap as chips: When something is as cheap as chips it is very cheap.

 'I didn't pay much for these shoes. In fact, they were as cheap as chips.'

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
MORE IDIOMS
 Cry over spilt milk: When we cry over spilt milk we are upset, sad or complaining over
something bad that happened in the past. It is usually used in this phrase: 'There's no use
crying over spilt milk.'
 'Stop complaining about your lost pen - there's no use crying over spilt milk.'
 Cup of tea: This expression is used in the negative: 'It's not my cup of tea'. It means
something is not to your interests or tastes. Basically, you don't like it.
 'Rap music is not my cup of tea; I prefer rock.'
 Finger in every pie: When someone has a finger in every pie they are involved in many
activities and have a lot of influence or power. It usually has a negative meaning.
 'He's very controlling - he has a finger in every pie.'
 Have one's own cake and eat it: To want more than someone can handle or deserves; to
try to have two incompatible things: you can not eat the cake and still have it.
 'She doesn't want to work hard, but she wants a pay rise. You can't have your cake and eat
it!'
 Take with a pinch of salt: To take something with a pinch of salt means that you should
not completely believe what you are told. Someone is telling you something which may not be
true or it is exaggerated.
 'Take everything you read in that newspaper with a pinch of salt.'
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
 VOCABULARY_ ACTIVITY
 Situation 1. Situation 1:
 Some of your best friends are You: Hey! I’m having some
visiting you this weekend, they friends over this weekend, and
really like eating Japanese food. they love Japanese food. Can you
But, you don´t know how to help me prepare a meal?
prepare it. Write a conversation
in which you ask a Japanese Japanese Friend: Of course!
friend how to prepare it. What do you want to make?

You: I was thinking of sushi. Do
Situation 2.
you have a good recipe in your
 Your family organize a party, cookbook?
they ask you and your brothers Japanese Friend: Yes! First, you
to cook something special.
Write a conversation in which need fresh fish and rice. Let’s
you talk about the ingredients, cook the rice and then bake the
the food you are preparing and fish.
the steps to follow when You: Should I freeze any
cooking it. leftovers?
 For both situation you will have Japanese Friend: You can freeze
to use the idioms learned before sushi, but it’s best to serve it
and the list words. fresh on a plate!
You:
M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as aGreat! Thanks
Foreign Language TEFL for the tips!
/ TESOL.
GRAMMAR. COUNT AND NON-COUNT

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
A LOT OF VS LOTS OF

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
EXERCISE 1

cup
loaf
glass container
little can
box bottle

bowl piece

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
The news on Channel 46 is always bad. E
X
Rosa’s hair is long and blond and her clothes are very stylish.
E
The advisor gave me the wrong information, He advice was incorrect. R
I bought two cheeses and three glasses of milk.
C
I
Henry drank two cups of tea.
S
Stadistics is a difficult class. E
2
Hye Lim’s favorite subject is Biology.

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
EXERCISE 3

much
a lot of
many
many
many
a lot of

much
many
a lot of

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.
EXERCISE 4

A little

A few
Do you have some coffee?
Do you want to read some this books? A little

Do you need some rice with the order? A few A few

Mary I have some tomatoes. A few A few
Would you like some more potatoes!
A little A little
Do you want some more milk?
Do you want some olive oil?
Could have some oil.

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL /
TESOL.
EXERCISE 5

much
much
much

many
much
many
many
much

M.Sc. Heber F. Aldazosa Ruiz / Master in Teaching English as a Foreign Language TEFL / TESOL.