Nutritive value of Horticultural crops

INTRODUCTION

• Fruits and vegetables play an important role in

balanced diet.
• These provide not only energy rich food but also provide vital
protective nutrients/elements and vitamins. and vegetables are
the cheapest source of natural nutritive foods. Comparatively
fruits
• Since most of Indians are vegetarians, the
incorporation of horticulture produce in daily diet is essential
for good health.
• With the growing awareness and inclination towards
vegetarianism worldwide the horticulture crops are gaining
tremendous importance.
 FUNCTIONS OF FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES
• Fruits and vegetables provide palatability, taste, improves
appetite and provides fibre thereby the constipation can be
overcome.
• They neutralize the acids produced during digestion of
proteins and fatty acids.
• They improve the general immunity of human body against
diseases, deficiencies etc.
• They are the important source of vitamins and minerals for
used in several bio-chemical reactions occur in body
 Vitamins

• These are the important constituents of fruits and

vegetables and are indispensable part of human diet.

• Although required in very minute quantities, they are

absolutely essential for the maintenance of health.

• The deficiency of any vitamin from the diet for

considerable period may lead to diseased state or
disorder conditions. Fruits and vegetables supply
several vitamins
 VITAMIN-A
Vitamin- A B-carotene (Retinol)

Name Role in human body Deficiency Source

Vitamin-A Essential for growth and Deficiency c auses, Mango,
reproduction. night blindness, Papaya,
2.Helps in resistance to xeropthalmia, Carrot, sweet
Infections. retardation in growth, potato,pumpkin etc.,
roughness in skin,
formation of stones in
kidney.
 VITAMIN-
C
Vitamin – C Ascorbic
acid
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-C Vitamin promotes Deficiency causes Barbados cherry, Aonla,
general health and scurvy, pain in joints, Guava, Lime, Lemon,
healthy gums, and swelling of limbs, Sweet oranges, Tomato,
prevents scurvy palak, menthi,
disease cabbage, green chillies,
spinach, potatoes,
peas and beans.
 VITAMIN-
E
Vitamin- E Tocopherol
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-E Has an important effect Deficiency may lead to Mango,
on the generative coronary heart disease. Avocado
functions and Alpha tocopherol Spinach, Kale
promotes fertility. decreases the effect of
cardio vascular disease.
 VITAMIN-B1
Vitamin- B1 Thiamine
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B1 Thiamin (vitamin B1) Beriberi - Inflammation Oranges, Vegetables
helps the body's cells of multiple nerves green peas, lima
change carbohydrates (polyneuritis), heart beans, soybean
into energy. The main disease (cardiopathy), sprouts, squash,
role of carbohydrates is potato, cauliflower,
to provide energy for the asparagus, kale,
body, especially the mushrooms,
brain and nervous tomatoes, romaine
system. lettuce, spinach,
Thiamin also plays a role tuna, Brussels sprouts
in muscle contraction and eggplant.
and conduction of nerve
signals.
 VITAMIN-B2
Vitamin- B2 Riboflavin
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B2 Vitamin B2 helps break Riboflavin deficiency is Bael, Papaya, Litchi,
down proteins, fats, known as Asparagus,Artichokes
and carbohydrates. It Avocados,Cayenne
plays a vital role in cracks at the Currants
maintaining the body’s corners of the mouth lima beans, navy
energy supply. Cracked lips, Dry skin beans, and peas
Inflammation of the Nuts,Parsley
lining of the mouth Rosehips, Sage
Inflammation of the Sweet potatoes
tongue, Mouth ulcers Cruciferous vegetables,
Red lips such as broccoli,
Brussels sprouts,
spinach, dandelion
greens,
 VITAMIN-B3
Vitamin- B3 Niacin
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B3 It is extremely necessary Pellagra which shows Avocado, mushrooms,
for the healthy visible symptoms like green peas, beans,
functioning of the neural diarrhoea, dermatitis, lentils, ginger, sweet
system, digestive system, hyperpigmentation, pepper, potatoes, nuts
lower cholesterol, good thickening of the skin, and seeds.
for skin, hair and is also inflammation of the
required for enzyme mouth and tongue,
synthesis. digestive disturbances,
dementia.
 VITAMIN-B5
Vitamin- B5 Panothenic acid
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B5 It’s necessary for making Deficiency symptoms Broccoli
blood cells, and it helps lke headache fatigue members of the
you convert the food you irritability cabbage family
eat into energy. impaired muscle white and sweet
coordination potatoes, mushrooms
gastrointestinal Nuts, beans
problems. peas
 VITAMIN-B6
Vitamin- B6 Pyridoxine
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B6 It is required for the Deficiency of this Banana
proper function of vitamin can cause: Legumes (dried beans)
sugars, fats, and proteins Confusion, Depression Nuts
in the body. It is also Irritability
required for the proper Mouth and tongue
growth and development sores also known as
of the brain, nerves, skin, glossitis, Peripheral
and many other parts of neuropathy
the body.
 VITAMIN-B7
Vitamin- B7 Biotin
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B7 It is an essential Deficiency of this Walnuts, peanuts,
component of a number vitamin can cause: cereals, mushroom
of enzymes responsible Hair loss, scaly and cauliflower.
for several crucial dermititis, depression, Fruits that contain
metabolic pathways in other neurological biotin include
the human body, problems avocados, bananas
including the metabolism and raspberries.
of fats and
carbohydrates, as well as
amino acids involved in
protein synthesis.
Biotin is known to
promote cell growth.
 VITAMIN-B9
Vitamin- B9 Folate
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B9 Folate (folic acid) is Deficiency includes Fruits – Sweet orange
&
necessary for the megaloblastic anemia mandarin
production of red blood Dark green leafy
cells and for the synthesis vegetables -turnip
of DNA . Folic acid also greens, spinach,
helps with tissue growth produces less red blood lettuce,
and cell function. cells, and larger in size asparagus, Brussels
than normal); sprouts, broccoli,
weakness,
fatigue; irregular Beans and Peanuts
heartbeat; shortness of
breath; difficulty
concentrating; hair loss;
pale skin; mouth sores.
 VITAMIN-B12
Vitamin- B12 Cobalamine
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Vitamin-B12 It plays an essential Weakness, tiredness, No vegeterian
role in the production or lightheadedness source but some
of your red blood cells Heart palpitations fortified breakfast
and DNA, as well as and shortness of cereals
the proper functioning breath Pale skin,
of your nervous Constipation, diarrhoea,
system. loss of appetite.
Nerve problems like
numbness or tingling,
muscle weakness,
and problems
walking Vision loss
Mental problems like
depression, memory
loss, or behavioral
changes
 CALCIUM

Name Role in human body Deficiency Source

Calcium It is essential for the Causes Rickets, Fruits-Acidlime,
development of bones, Osteomalacia. Orange, Fig, Dried
regulation of heart beat, apricots, wood apple
controlling blood clots etc.Vegetables-
Cabbage, greens,
beans, carrot, onions,
peas, tomatoes, agati,
spinach drumstick
leaves etc
 PHOSPHOROUS

Name Role in human body Deficiency Source

Phosphorous It is essential for Phosphorus deficiency Wood apple, Avocado,
maintaining the moisture may cause bone Dates, Pomegranate
content of tissues and diseases such and Grape raisins.
for development of as rickets in children
bones. and osteomalacia in
adults. An improper
balance of phosphorus
and calcium may
cause osteoporosis.
 IRON

Name Role in human body Deficiency Source

Iron Iron is Iron deficiency anemia Karonda,Date palm,
an important component is the most common Grape raisins, West
of hemoglobin, the Indian Cherry, Guava,
substance in red blood Sitaphal, Avocado,
cells that carries oxygen Sapota, plum etc.
from your lungs to Greens Amaranthus,
transport it throughout Moringa, Corriander
your body. leaves etc.,
 PROTEI
N
Name Role in human body Deficiency Source
Protein These are body building The deficiency of Fruits-Most of the fruits
foods. These are proteins in the body are low in proteins
essential for growth of causes retarded except Guava and
the body. growth and increases Banana. Vegetables like
susceptibility to peas and beans are rich
diseases and causes in proteins.
lethargy.
 OTHERS
Name Role in human body Source
Enzymes It is helpful in metabolic Papaya-Papain and Pineapple-
activities leading to proper Bromelin.
digestion of food.

Fibre digestion Fruits contain low content of fibre.

Guava and anola are better sources
compared to other fruits. Leafy
vegetables are rich in fibre content

Energy foods Fruits and vegetables contain Fruits (Banana, Dates, Apple etc.) and
Carbohydrates and fats there by vegetables (Potatoes, Sweet potato,
supply energy to human body. Beans, Peas etc.), which contain
Carbohydrates, are called as
―energy Foods.‖
Nut fruits like Walnut, Cashew nut
and almond etc supplies proteins
besides energy.