Adverb
Mariami buzaladze
CSH
Lecturer:Tamta mshvidobadze
• The English word adverb derives (through French) from Latin adverbium,
from ad- ('to'), verbum ('word', 'verb'), and the nominal suffix - ium.
• examples:
o She sang loudly (loudly modifies the verb sang, indicating the manner of
singing)
o We left it here (here modifies the verb phrase left it, indicating place)
o I worked yesterday (yesterday modifies the verb worked, indicating time)
How Adverbs function ?
Adverbs are words that modify:
1.Verbs: Describe how, when, where, or why an action happens.
1.Lola was extremely generous [How generous was she?]
2.Her boyfriend is intensely jealous [How jealous is he?]
2.Adjectives: Enhance or limit the intensity of a description.
1.He responded extremely enthusiastically.
2.Judith dresses so elegantly.
3.Other Adverbs: Adjust the degree or manner of another
adverb.
1. Truthfully, I do not agree with your statement
2.Jacob searched frantically inside the house.
Understanding Adverbs
• Adverbs are one of the four major word classes, along with nouns, verbs
and adjectives.
• Adverbs in English are most often formed from adjectives, by adding -ly:
Efficient becomes efficiently. The easiest way to recognize an adverb is by
its -ly ending. These are often called “-ly adverbs.”
• Examples: bad - badly; beautiful–beautifully; careful–carefully
• Example: hearty–heartily; merry–merrily; ready–readily
• Example: Gentle-gently ,terrible-terribly,capable-
capably,fashionable-fashionably
Types of Adverbs
1.Adverbs of Manner: Explain how something happens.
Examples: quickly, softly, happily
2.Adverbs of Time: Indicate when something happens.
Examples: now, yesterday, soon
3.Adverbs of Place: Show where an action occurs.
Examples: here, everywhere, nearby
4.Adverbs of Degree: Indicate how much or to what extent.
Examples: very, quite, almost
5.Adverbs of Frequency: Describe how often something happens.
Examples: always, sometimes, never
6. Adverbs of purpose:Adverbs of purpose (also called adverbs of reason)
help to explain why something is the case.
Other types of adverbs
• Conjunctive adverbs
The wedding is scheduled for tomorrow. However, we no
longer have a caterer.
• Focusing adverbs
Natalia loves reading, especially fiction
• Interrogative adverbs
When do you want to go shopping?
• Relative adverbs
This is the city where the soldiers were stationed
Forms of adverbs
"The Philistine giant slowly (positive) walked toward
David." "Goliath walked more slowly (comparative) than
David did." "Of all the Philistine soldiers, Goliath walked
the most slowly (superlative)."
Adverbs vs Adjectives
• It is easy to confuse adjectives and adverbs because
they are both modifiers that provide us with more
information. Some words, such as slow, well,
and late can even be used as either an adjective or an
adverb.
So, how do we tell the
difference?
• Adjective: I am going to give her this cupcake. (The
word this is followed by the word cupcake. Cupcake is a
noun, so the word this is being used as an adjective).
• Adverb: A turtle isn’t supposed to move this fast. (The
word this is followed by the word fast. Fast is not a noun
but is still being modified by this, so the word this is an
adverb.)
Thank you for listening
Th\\a
Bibliography
• https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/
adverb-phrases#google_vignette
• https://www.scribbr.com/parts-of-speech/adverbs/
• https://www.sjsu.edu/writingcenter/docs/handouts/Adverbs.
pdf
• https://www.skylinecollege.edu/learningcenter/assets/docu
ments/grammarguides/ReaderAdjectivesAdverbs.pdf
• https://www.merriam-webster.com/grammar/the-adverb-the
-most-fascinating-pos/flat-adverbs
• https://www.worldenglishinstitute.net/wp-content/uploads/2
019/11/E_Book_The_King_Is_Coming.pdf
• https://systems.uomisan.edu.iq/projects/uploads/files/fa9z0
gd4q87h3jt.pdf
