Noble Technical Institute
Pharmacy Department
2024-2025
SMOKING
REPRESENTED BY:
1.SAIF MASOOD
2.ABDULRAHMAN ESMAT
3.GLINA SALAH SUPERVISOR:
4.DYARI OMER DR:RASAN SARBAST
5.SARA SADON
6 SONYA LUQMAN
Definition:
Smoking is a practice in which a substance is
combusted and the resulting smoke is typically
inhaled to be tasted and absorbed into the
bloodstream of a person. Most commonly, the
substance used is the dried leaves of the tobacco
plant, which have been rolled with a small rectangle
of paper into an elongated cylinder called a cigarette.
smoking, the act of inhaling and exhaling the
fumes of burning plant material. A variety of plant
materials are smoked, including marijuana and
hashish, but the act is most commonly associated
with tobacco as smoked in a cigarette, cigar, or pipe.
Tobacco contains nicotine, an alkaloid that is
addictive and can have both stimulating and
tranquilizing psychoactive effects. The smoking of
tobacco, long practiced by American Indians, was
introduced to Europe by Christopher Columbus and
other explorers. Smoking soon spread to other areas
and today is widely practiced around the world
despite medical, social, and religious arguments
against it.
There are various types of cigarettes available,
differentiated by factors such as their size, flavor,
strength, and whether they have filters. Some
common types include:
1. Regular or Full Flavor: These cigarettes contain a standard
amount of tobacco and provide a full-bodied smoking experience.
2. Light or Mild: Light cigarettes have lower levels of tar and nicotine
compared to regular cigarettes, giving a milder smoking experience.
3. Menthol: Menthol cigarettes have added menthol flavoring, which
provides a cooling sensation and can mask the harshness of tobacco
smoke.
4. Ultra-Light: Ultra-light cigarettes have even lower levels of tar
and nicotine than light cigarettes, often marketed as a healthier
option.
5. Flavored: Flavored cigarettes come in various flavors, such as
vanilla, cherry, or chocolate, providing a different taste experience
compared to traditional tobacco flavor.
6. Filtered: Filtered cigarettes have a cellulose acetate filter at one
end to reduce the amount of smoke and tar that reaches the
smoker's mouth.
7. Unfiltered: Unfiltered cigarettes do not have a filter, allowing for
a stronger and more intense smoking experience.
These are just some examples, and there are
many other specialty and regional varieties
available worldwide.
How people get addicted
Nicotine is one of the main ingredients in
tobacco. Nicotine is a powerful drug that
speeds up the brain and central nervous
system. It triggers the release of a chemical
in your brain (dopamine) that boosts your
mood, makes you feel calm, and at the
same time, can make you feel more alert.
The nicotine in cigarette smoke is absorbed
through the skin lining of the mouth and the
nose. The nicotine level in your blood
peaks within 10 seconds of inhaling
(breathing in) cigarette smoke into your
lungs.
Over time, your brain adjusts to the stimulation
("buzz") from nicotine and lowers your natural
energy level or mood. You may then start to crave
a cigarette for a boost. The more you smoke the
more nicotine you need to feel good. Soon, your
body craves nicotine to feel "normal." Being
without nicotine for even a few hours can cause
withdrawal symptoms like headaches, depression,
anger, anxiety, and problems sleeping.
There are several methods to quit smoking, including:
1. *Cold Turkey:* Quitting abruptly without any aids or
gradual reduction in smoking.
2. *Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT):* Using products
like nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, or inhalers to gradually
reduce nicotine dependence.
3. *Prescription Medications:*Consult a healthcare provider
about medications like varenicline(Chantix) or bupropion
(Zyban) that can help reduce cravings and withdrawal
symptoms.
4. *Alternative Therapies:* Trying alternative methods such
as acupuncture, hypnosis, ormeditation to manage cravings
and stress.
5. *Lifestyle Changes:* Adopting healthier habits like regular exercise,
balanced diet, and stress management techniques can support the quitting
process.
6. *Stay Busy:* Engage in activities that keep your hands and mind
occupied, like hobbies, exercise, or spending time with supportive friends
and family.
7. *Stay Positive:* Stay motivated and remind yourself of the reasons why
you want to quit smoking. Accept that setbacks may occur but remain
committed to your goal of quitting for good.
It's essential to find the method or combination of methods that
work best for you and seek support from healthcare
professionals, friends, and family members throughout your
quitting journey.
The Benefits of Quitting Smoking:
1.Reduced risk of cancer: Quitting smoking
significantly lowers your risk of developing
various types of cancer, including lung,
mouth, throat, esophagus, bladder, and
pancreas cancers. The risk continues to
decrease the longer you stay smoke-free.
2. Improved sense of taste and smell: Smoking
dulls the senses of taste and smell. When you
quit smoking, these senses can gradually
return to normal, allowing you to fully enjoy
flavors and aromas.
3. Better oral health: Smoking stains teeth and
contributes to gum disease, bad breath, and
tooth loss. By quitting smoking, you can
improve your oral health and reduce the risk
of oral cancers.
4.Enhanced skin appearance: Smoking
accelerates the aging process and leads to
premature wrinkles, dull skin, and a yellowish
complexion. When you quit smoking, your
skin can improve in texture, color, and overall
appearance.
5. Increased energy and stamina: Quitting
smoking can improve your overall energy
levels and physical performance. You may
find it easier to engage in physical activities
and experience less fatigue.
6. Financial savings: Smoking is an expensive
habit. By quitting, you can save a significant
amount of money that would have been spent
on cigarettes, which can be used for other
purposes.
Smoking is associated with a multitude of health risks
and harms, including:
1. Cancer: Smoking is a leading cause of various cancers, including
lung, throat, mouth, esophagus, bladder, pancreas, kidney, and cervix
cancer.
2. Respiratory Diseases: It can cause chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia.
3. Cardiovascular Diseases: Smoking damages the heart and blood
vessels, increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, coronary artery
disease, and peripheral artery disease.
4. Respiratory Infections: Smokers are more susceptible to
respiratory infections like colds, flu, and pneumonia.
5. Reproductive Issues: Smoking can reduce fertility, increase the
risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth, low birth weight, and birth
defects.
6. Reduced Immune Function: Smoking weakens the immune
system, making it harder for the body to fight infections and diseases.
7. Skin and Appearance: Smoking accelerates skin aging, causes
wrinkles, and can lead to yellowing of teeth and fingers.
8. Vision Problems: It increases the risk of cataracts, macular
degeneration, and other eye diseases.
9. Poor Wound Healing: Smoking slows down wound healing and
recovery from surgery.
Overall, smoking is one of the leading
preventable causes of death worldwide,
contributing to millions of deaths each year.
Reference
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking
https://www.britannica.com/topic/
smoking-tobacco
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/
NBK537066/
https://www.merriam-webster.com/
dictionary/smoke
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/
data_statistics/fact_sheets/
health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/
index.htm
