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TS Octavian

Octavian, born on September 23, 63 BC, became the first Emperor of the Roman Empire after a series of political maneuvers and conflicts, including the formation of the Second Triumvirate with Mark Antony and Lepidus. He ultimately defeated Antony at the Battle of Actium, gaining control over Rome and its provinces, and was later named Augustus, solidifying his power. Augustus ruled by enhancing the lives of Roman citizens and adopted Tiberius as his heir before his death on August 19, AD 14.

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19 views12 pages

TS Octavian

Octavian, born on September 23, 63 BC, became the first Emperor of the Roman Empire after a series of political maneuvers and conflicts, including the formation of the Second Triumvirate with Mark Antony and Lepidus. He ultimately defeated Antony at the Battle of Actium, gaining control over Rome and its provinces, and was later named Augustus, solidifying his power. Augustus ruled by enhancing the lives of Roman citizens and adopted Tiberius as his heir before his death on August 19, AD 14.

Uploaded by

mendes
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Octavian

First Emperor of the Roman Empire


Misc. Info
• Born 23 September 63
BC
• Died 19 August AD 14
Born to Gaius Octavius, a
Roman Senator.
• His mother was the
daughter of Julia, sister
to Julius Caesar.
Octavian's Career

• Appointed as a priest at
15 years old
 Exiled both his daughter
and Grand-daughter
• Served under Julius
Caesar in the Spanish
expedition of 46 BC.
Octavian as a priest
Octavian's Career (cont.)
• Was planned to take senior
military command in
Caesar's planned Parthian
expedition of 44 BC.
• Was written into Caesar's
will, however Mark Antony
Mark Antony /Aemilius Lepidus and Aemilius Lepidus
refused to hand over
Caesar's documents.
• Granted Senatorship in 44
BC.
Conflict

• Waged war against Antony in 44/43 BC,


and defeated him at Mutina.
• Three months later, Octavian net with
Antony and Lepidus, and they eventually
came to an agreement and formed the
Second Triumvirate.
Second Triumvirate
• Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus
Octavian ruled Rome, as well as many of it’s
provinces as a triumvir
• Cut off the senate from power.
• Torn apart by the conflict between it’s leaders.
• Treaty of Brundisium: Divide Roman Empire;
east goes to Antony, west goes to Octavian, and
Lepidus, being seen as a lesser power, got
Africa.
Triumvirate (cont.)

• Octavian's own popularity kept growing. He


insisted on being called Caesar and “divi
filius” - son of the divine.
• Octavian and Antony began to fight, after
Antony divorced Octavia for Cleopatra.
Octavian ended up reading Antony's will
aloud, and the Roman people were
outraged. The Senate then declared war.
Antony's End

• Actium, September 31 BC: Agrippa


commanded Octavian's forces, and
defeated Antony.
• Both Antony and Cleopatra committed
suicide.
• Octavian ordered the execution of
Cleopatra's son, Caesarion.
Post War

• Octavian's victory gave him total control


over Rome. He decided to write a new
constitution.
• He gave his power to the senate, but in
reality gained it right back.
• Gained control of Egypt, Cyprus, Spain,
Gaul and Syria, and was elected Consul
from 31 – 23 BC.
Octavian's Rise to Power
• He first took on the name Augustus, meaning
“sacred.”
• Then, after a brush with death in 23BC, Augustus
granted himself tribunician powers for life.
• In 19 BC, Agustus was granted Consular power for
life, making him undoubtedly the most powerful man
in the empire.
• In 2 BC, the greatest honour was bestowed on
Augustus. pater patriae; Father of the Country.
Augustus' Rule

• Augustus mainly followed Caesar's style of


rule, keeping the people happy with
games, erecting new buildings, and
generally enhancing the life of the Roman
people.
• Because he was not a great military
commander, he still relied on Agrippa to
fight for him in many campaigns.
The End of Augustus

• When both his sons, Gaius and Lucius,


died early, Augustus had no choice but to
accept Tiberius, his wife's son, as his heir.
• Augustus reluctantly adopted Tiberius in
26 AD.
• Augustus fell ill on his way to Capri in 14
AD, and died August 19th in Nola.

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