P&ID
D E V E LO P M E N T
TOPICS OF
DISCUSSION
1. Types of Flow Diagrams
2. P&ID Definition
3. P&ID and Types
4. P&ID Development
5. P&ID Reviews
6. P&ID References
7. Exercise
1. TYPES OF FLOW DIAGRAM
• PFD (Process Flow Diagram)
• MFD / MSD (Metallurgical Flow
Diagram / Material Selection Diagram)
• DPTD (Design Pressure &
Temperature Diagram)
• P&ID (Piping & Instrument Diagram)
1. TYPES OF FLOW DIAGRAM
BFD
WHEN?
Simulation
PFD
MSD
DPDT
P&ID
2. P&ID - DEFINITION
Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
(P&ID’s) are a schematic
representation of the equipment,
piping, and instrumentation of a
plant; and are the formal
documentation of plant engineering
and design.
2. P&ID - DEFINITION
• P&ID is based on PFD, but contains Detailed Information
Process & Utility Streams
All Process Equipment
Complete Instrumentation
Control and ESD
3. P&ID -
TYPES
• Basic Types:
Legend and Symbology - Lead Sheets
Onsite - Process Unit Area, including
Auxiliary Equipment Flow Diagrams
Utility - Utility Generation, Utility Distribution
Offsite - All else
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Legend and Symbology - Lead Sheets
Diagrams attached to and preceding P&ID's that
define the project specific legends, and all
equipment/instrument symbology that appear on
the P&ID's
Gives consistency for all drawings
3. P&ID - TYPES
Project Legend
Instrument Symbols
Equipment Symbols
Sample Point Connection Details
Steam Trap Connection Details
Seal Plan Connection Details
Battery Limit Valve Configuration
Hook-up Details (Piping Responsibility)
Loop Diagram Details (Instrument Responsibility)
Instrument Representation (Instrument Responsibility)
Insulation & Heat Tracing Representation
3. P&ID - TYPES
Legend and Symbology - Lead Sheets
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Onsite - Process Unit Area, including
Auxiliary Equipment Flow Diagrams
Onsite systems are those plant units engaged in
processing the main feedstocks of the plant, or in
processing or treating its secondary products.
3. P&ID - TYPES
Onsite -
13 6 14
3
13 9
5
11
4
6 10
11 12
7 4
15
14
5 7
3 8
10 12
9
1
2
2
15
1
3. P&ID - TYPES
Utility - Utility Generation, Utility
Distribution
Utility Generation:
• Define a plant unit or area that generates a utility
or converts or treats a raw utility into its usable
form
• Similar in format to an onsite or process area
P&ID
• Typical utility generation units are steam, plant
and instrument air, cooling towers, nitrogen etc.
3. P&ID - TYPES
Utility - Utility Generation
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Utility - Utility Generation, Utility Distribution
Utility Distribution:
• Show piping by which a utility is transported to the
consuming areas of the plant
• Usually depicted in two distinct areas:
– Interconnecting drawings between the utility generating area
and the consumer process units
– Onsite UDD's that show the distribution within the process unit
• Both types of UDD's are plot plan or geographically oriented
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Utility - Utility Distribution
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Offsite - All else
Offsite Units:
• Offsite Units follow a P&ID format similar to an onsite
area, and include:
– Processing equipment and storage tanks for the offsite
unit (examples included wastewater treating systems,
and caustic regeneration systems, etc.)
– Loading or shipping systems (rail car and truck racks,
marine terminals, etc.)
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Offsite -
Offsite Units:
Firewater Tank
and Pump
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Offsite - All else
Offsite Distribution - Interconnecting:
• Distribution Systems are depicted in plot-plan or
geographical layout, and include:
– Non-utility interconnecting piping
– Feed and product and rundown lines
– Non-utility tank farms (i.e., feed, product, and blending tanks)
– Sewers collection systems
– Flare gathering systems
3. P&ID -
TYPES
Offsite -
Offsite Distribution:
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Responsibility
• Process Engineer
– Total responsibility for the technical content and related
information associated with the production of P&ID's
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
What
comes to your mind?
Project Specific Standard Format
Legend
Numbering Philosophy (Equipment /Instrument /Line/Etc.)
Details to be captured under each Equipment Block
Unit of Measurement
General Notes
Specific Notes with References
Holds
Connectivity & Description
Project Specific Software
Drawing Numbering
Revision Numbering
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Responsibility
Generate preliminary drawing by "best means":
– Use existing CAD files if possible
– Cut and paste various components and combine on one
sheet
– Markup (red and blue) existing drawings
– Draw freehand on blank paper
– Arrange equipment to conform with the process flow
– Equipment, instrument, and piping symbols shown
according to Lead Sheets.
– Provide data as “best as possible”.
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Responsibility
• Process Graphics
– Under the direction of the Process Engineer, Process
Graphics is responsible for the graphics production of the
P&ID's. Included in these responsibilities are the
development of symbology, assignment of allocated
drawing numbers and progress tracking of each drawing
4. P&ID DEVELOPMENT
• Responsibility
• Engineering Disciplines
– Control Systems Engineer and the Piping Engineer to
furnish input into the development of the P&ID's
• Integral part of the development of the P&ID's
• Work closely with the Process Engineer
– Lead Discipline Engineers actively participate in the
development of an integrated schedule relating to the
production of P&ID's
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Responsibility
• Project Engineering Manager
– Ensures that man-hour estimates, work plans, and
integrated schedules are in place for the project
– Ensures procedures are followed and that inter-discipline
communication and coordination are taking place
4. P&ID
•
DEVELOPMENT
Input - Sources
• Process Design Basis
• Overall Block Flow Diagram
• Process Design Criteria
• Basic Engineering Design
Data
• PFD and H&MB
• Process Description
• Equipment Datasheets
• Instrument Datasheets
4. P&ID DEVELOPMENT
• Input - Sources
• Hydraulics Calculations
• Piping Specifications
• Material Selection Diagram
• Go-by's from other
contracts
• Client input
• Other Process Engineer's
input
• Control Systems input
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
WORKFLOW…
Prepare the process sketch
Issue revision A
Process back-checks
Issue revision B
Conduct the in-house review
Issue revision 0 (for review and approval)
Cont…
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
WORKFLOW…
Cont…
Conduct the joint P&ID
review
Issue for Hazop review
Issue for design
Issue for construction
Issue P&ID’s for record (As
Built)
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Typical Revision Numbering
Revision Designator Revision Description
A, B, C... Internal issue and distribution
0 Issued for approval (IFA)
1 Approved For Design (AFD)
2, 3, 4... Subsequent issues
2A, 2B, 2C... Issued for internal interim ( Use only after initial
external issue)
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Typical Revision Numbering.
Lets look back at our Sample P&ID
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Custody and Location
• Through IFD issue:
– Custody of P&ID's resides with Process
– Process maintains a "working master" of each P&ID in
development
– Master is accessible to all disciplines and used to collect
marks for eventual inclusion in the next developmental
update
– Process Graphics maintains unmarked original (hard copy
and electronic file) of any P&ID that has gone through an
internal issue ("A", "B", etc.)
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
• Custody and Location
• After IFD:
– Custody of the P&ID "Masters" resides with Lead Piping
Supervisor
– Upon issue For Client Approval (IFA) and Joint Review, a full
size set of P&ID's, dated, stamped "MASTER", assembled in
stick file or rollerboard and kept in a common area
4. P&ID
DEVELOPMENT
Issued Internal to Fluor
“In-house”
Review
4. P&ID DEVELOPMENT
• Marking: Mark-ups on drawings shall be made by pen or pencil
applying the local color code standards
Colour Description Clarification
Red Addition Everything will be added to the drawing
Blue Deletion Items marked or crossed out will be deleted
from the drawing
Green Remark Mark-ups will not be added to the drawing –
they only serve as indications for the Process
Graphics (e.g. arrows, text)
• Hold: A “HOLD” is an instruction to other engineering disciplines
not to proceed with work in a particular area, item of equipment or
detail. Items that are on "HOLD" should be clouded for
identification.
• Deletion of Notes or Holds: When a Note or Hold is deleted in the
list, the word “DELETED” will be substituted. Notes and Holds
should not be renumbered.
5. P&ID
REVIEWS
• In-House Interdisciplinary Flow Sheet Review
Conference
• Joint Fluor Daniel-Client Flow Sheet Review
• HAZOP Review
5. P&ID REVIEWS
• WHY?
To check for drawing accuracy (in-house review only)
To check for consistency with other documents (in-house
review only)
To provide an opportunity for interaction among
representatives of the appropriate Engineering disciplines
To inform Client representatives and exchange information
To facilitate production of complete and accurate P&ID's for
formal approval and use in sequential work
To perform value engineering reviews
To perform safety reviews
To get client approval to proceed to the next step of the design
5. P&ID
REVIEWS
• In-House Interdisciplinary Flow Sheet Review
Typically, no clients involved in this review
Process, Control Systems, Piping, Mechanical
Add remaining missing information such as line
number, insulation, elevation requirement, control
schematics, etc.
Use In-house Review Checklist for each P&ID prior
to the meeting
OBJECTIVES: Integrity and safety of Technical
Process Design
5. P&ID
REVIEWS
• Joint Review
• Players
– Client
– Process Engineering – 2(*)
– Control System Engineering
– Piping Engineering
– Area Project Engineer
(*) Process Engineers: one leading review, one
taking notes
5. P&ID REVIEWS
• HAZOP
• Issue drawings for HAZOP review after all marks from
joint reviews are included.
• Players:
– Process Safety Facilitator & Scribe
– Lead Process Engineers
– Lead Control System Engineer
– Client representatives (Design, operation, maintenance)
7. P&ID - EXERCISE
EQUIPMEN
T DATA
• Question 2: What can you identify here?
BOX NOTES SECTION
PSV
INSTRUMENTS
PIPING DET
EXPANDER LINE
NUMBER
SDV
COLUMN
OPC
REV CLOUD
HX
INSULATION
REVISION
INDEX
TITLE BLOCK
SPEC BREAK
Q&A
THAT’S ALL!
ANY QUERIES??
