Glasgow Coma Scale
(GCS)
Presented by: Dr. Farid
Rashid Kakar
Neurosurgery Department
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): is a
neurological scale that aims to
record the conscious state.
The scale was published in 1974 by
Graham Teasdle and Bryan j.
Jennett. Prf. of neurosurgery at
University of Glasgow’s Inst. of
Neurological Sciences at the city’s
Southern General Hospital
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Elements of the scale: Three
parameters
Eye opening
Best Verbal Response
Best Motor Response
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Eye opening (E)
Spontaneous = 4
To speech = 3
To pain = 2
None = 1
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Verbal Response (V)
Orientated = 5
Disorientated (Confused) = 4
Inappropriate words = 3
Incomprehensible sound = 2
None =1
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Motor Response (M)
Obeys commands = 6
Localizes to pain = 5
Withdrawal to pain = 4
Abnormal flexion to pain = 3
(Decorticated) …I am flying…
Abnormal extension to pain = 2
(Deceribrate) …I am leaving…
None = 1
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Eye opening - Max score 4
- min score 1
Best Verbal Response - Max score 5
- min score 1
Best Motor Response - Max score 6
- min score 1
GCS = E+V+M
Max score: 4+5+6= 15
Min score: 1+1+1 = 3
Value range 3 to 15
Classification of Brain inj.
According to GCS
Sever 3-8
Moderate 9-12
Mild 13 – 15
Other classification:
Critical less or equal 4
Sever 5-8
Moderate 9-12
Mild 13-14
Minimal 15
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
Eye ( C) closed
Verbal (T) tube or tracheostomy
Motor (P) Paresis or Plegia
GCS= 12?
Looks Familiar?
Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)
Dead - 1
Vegetative state - 2
Sever disability (Disable &
Dependent) – cant self care - 3
Moderate disability (Disable
Independent) - 4
Good recovery (Normal or near
normal) - 5
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