It refers to those geographical regions
and countries that culturally (and so
historically) were directly and intimately
influenced by the language, culture,
government and religion of the ancient
Greeks and Romans.
Roman artists created:
Pottery
Jewelry
Tools
* Mosaics were a special
art form that used small
pieces of tile, glass or
stone.
Having mosaics
demonstrated wealth and
importance, especially
mosaics built into the floors.
Roman roads were
constructed to be immune to
floods and other
environmental hazards.
Romans used adobe to built
their roads and many of it
are still in use today.
The Romans constructed
numerous aqueducts to bring
water from distant sources into
their cities and towns, supplying
public baths, latrines, fountains
and private households. Three
hundred million gallons of water
were brought into Rome by 14
different aqueducts each day.
Vault (arch) is an
architectural term for an arched
form used to provide a space with
a ceiling or roof.
The ancient Romans
gathered here to watch bloody
combat between gladiators, and
battles. It could seat 45,000
spectators. Some people were
not lucky enough to have a seat.
If people don’t mind standing, it
could hold up to 70,000
spectators.
“Free bread and
circus to the
people of
Rome.”
It is a rectangular
forum (plaza) surrounded by the
several important ancient
government buildings at the
center of the city of Rome.
Citizens of the ancient city
referred to this space, originally
a marketplace, as the Forum
Magnum, or simply the Forum.
"The glory that was Greece" refers to the many important
contributions that the Greeks made to Western philosophy, science
and art(among other things). They were 'the first'. Their achievements
were new and original, different from all the nations living around the
Mediterranean sea. "...the grandeur that was Rome" refers to the
sheer size and scale of Rome, and the Roman world in general. Think
of the aquaducts, the enormous bathhouses, the lavishly decorated
Forum Romanum, the Colloseum. The Romans were heavily
influenced by Greek ideas about art and science, so in that respect
they were not as original as the Greeks had been. The Romans did
however build on a massive scale, they meant to impress, and they
ruled over a large empire for a long time.
Pliny the Elder produced a 37-
volume work entitled “Natural
History”. It was published in AD 77–
79.
It became a model for later
encyclopedias and scholarly works
as a result of its breadth of subject
matter, its referencing of original
authors, and its index.
Latin literature was
at its height from 81 BC
to AD 17. This period
began with the first
known speech of
Cicero and ended with
the death of Ovid.
Cicero has traditionally been
considered the master of Latin prose.
The writing he produced from about 80
BC until his death in 43 BC exceeds
that of any Latin author whose work
survives in terms of quantity and
variety of genre and subject matter, as
well as possessing unsurpassed
stylistic excellence.
In the book ”
Commentaries on the Gallic
Wars”, Caesar described the
battles and intrigues that took
place in the nine years he spent
fighting local armies
in Gaul that opposed Roman
domination.
Virgil is traditionally ranked as
one of Rome's greatest poets. He spent
10 years writing the most famous work
of Latin literature, Aeneid.
The Aeneid follows the Trojan
refugee Aeneas as he struggles to
fulfill his destiny and arrive on the
shores of Italy—inRoman
mythology the founding act of Rome.
He was a Roman
historian who wrote a
monumental history of Rome
and the Roman people. He wrote
"Books from the Foundation of
the City," covering the period
from the earliest legends of
Rome well before the traditional
foundation in 753 BC.
He was a senator and
a historian. He was known for his
work, “Germania” which described
the lands, laws, and customs of the
German tribes.
He urged Romans to return to
traditional Roman values which is
about strength and simplicity.
He was a Greek historian,
biographer, and essayist, known
primarily for his Parallel Lives
and Moralia.
Parallel Lives is a series of
biographies of famous Greeks and
Romans, arranged in pairs to
illuminate their common moral virtues
and vices.
1. If you are called to go to court, you must go. If you don’t show up,
you can be taken to court by force.
2. If you need a witness to testify and he will not show up, you can go
once every three days and shout in front of his house.
3. Should a tree on a neighbor's farm be bend crooked by the wind
and lean over your farm, you may take legal action for removal of that
tree.
4. If it's your tree, it’s your fruit, even if it falls on another man’s land.
5. A person who had been found guilty of giving false
witness shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian
Rock.
6. No person shall hold meetings by night in the city.
7. A dead man shall not be buried or burned within
the city.
8. Marriages should not take place between plebeians
and patricians. (As time went on, this law was
changed. When the tables were first written,
this was the law.)
